A Proposal for a Standard With Innovation Management System

Paula Odete Fernandes, João Ferreira and Cristina Fernandes
Our study highlights the groups of countries share similar patterns regarding the characteristics of
entrepreneurial attitudes and perceptions evidencing three different clusters of countries – high,
medium and low entrepreneurial attitudes and perceptions.We hope that our findings stimulate future
research on the mechanisms underlying how entrepreneurial attitudes are developed within countries.
It should be noted that not always the fact that countries have highly successful at achieving the
people have a perception entrepreneurial the same level, as is the case in Finland, has a higher
status successful entrepreneurship and a TEA relatively low, and in clusters analysis this country is
included on medium perception of entrepreneurship cluster.
This paper is not without its limitations. It would be useful for scholars, policymakers, and
entrepreneurs to understand the entrepreneurial attitudes and perceptions among countries. However
the GEM data are limited and future work will focus on this relevant issue through panel data looking
for different periods.
Finally, the cross-sectional nature of our study offers only a snapshot of the situation. In order to fully
understand the entrepreneurial attitudes in a cross-country setting, longitudinal studies are required,
and future research could fill this gap.
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