A Proposal for a Standard With Innovation Management System

More documents

Recommendations

Info

6. Discussion Laura Galloway, Isla Kapasi and Geoff Whittam There is some logic to the assumption that all students who have undertaken a course in entrepreneurship at a higher educational institution will have thought about setting up in business. So it comes as little surprise to find that all our interviewees have had the intention to some degree to set up in business. All interviewees similarly acknowledge some kind of debt to the usefulness of their course though the precise ‘value’ does vary. Whilst some such as ‘I’ have not done so as yet does not deter s/he from contemplating doing so in the future. On the question of intent it is perhaps surprising that someone such as ‘J’ who recorded a 0 in the original survey and after having the experience of a business ‘failure’ has persevered to establish a business albeit whilst also in full-time employment, highlighting her/his claim to be a ‘calculated risk-taker’. Of interest also is the attempt to establish a ‘correlation’ between the ‘high scorers’ and whether a growth business rather than self-employment or income-substitution business has been established. ‘A’, ‘B’ ‘G’ and ‘H’ appear to have established businesses which have or will have generated additional employment. ‘H’ scored a 1 in the original survey with ‘A’, ‘B’ and ‘G’ recording a 3 or 2. In terms of Activity as an identified component of planned behaviour again all our interviewees had been engaged in activity prior to start-up. Some of this activity may have resulted in a decision not to start-up at a particular moment in time, ‘I’ for example. Some of the interviewees are clearly ‘serial’ entrepreneurs and hence have continued to engage in ‘Activity’ prior to start-up, ‘J’ for example, whilst others such as ‘G’ envisage being a serial entrepreneur. The issue of role models is an interesting topic with ‘J’ clearly identifying his immediate family connection a key factor in informing his decision in establishing a business. Yet ‘H’ ‘A’ and ‘D’ categorically state that there was no family influence on their decisions to establish a business. ‘C’ would appear to be the counter-factual the high scorer who has had no experience of ‘entrepreneurial activity’ and no intention of experiencing any, though scoring highly on the original survey. 7. Conclusions Any substantive conclusions are limited due to the small sample size. Having stated that, though, it would appear that all those who scored either 2 or 3 in the original survey have either established a small business or have become self-employed, apart from ‘I’, who has not ruled this out after completion of his/her studies, and ‘C’, who in spite of scoring a 3 has never engaged in entrepreneurial behaviour and claims s/he has no intention of doing so in the future. In analysing the information provided by ‘C’, however, we need to be aware of criticisms levelled at research which attempts to measure the impacts of entrepreneurship education. Von Graevenitz et al (2010) for example point out that entrepreneurship education has the potential to ‘sort’ those who might be suited to entrepreneurship from those who might not. ‘C’ could be a case in point. On an indication of planned behaviour we find that there is an intention to engage in enterprising activity on C's part, by our narrow definition, yet on reflection does not do so. ‘C’ is engaged in a rewarding career, currently undertaking further study, developing human capital to enable progression through this chosen career path. A further interesting conclusion from the limited results reported here is that two of the small sample who recorded low scores from the original sample have in fact undertaken entrepreneurial activity. ‘H’ with a score of 1 has set up a franchise business which appears to be growing and ‘J’, attempted to set up a business with a partner which was not successful, and has a business letting holiday accommodation whilst employed full-time. On reflection it could be that these low scoring entrepreneurs would be classified as ‘necessity’ entrepreneurs. ‘H’ established the franchise company after being made redundant and not finding other suitable employment. ‘J’’s motivation for entering full-time employment is for financial security, after losing his original partnership business. In relation to the two research questions posed in this paper the results and discussion suggest that in some circumstances the Theory of Planned Behaviour can ‘predict’ an action which will lead to entrepreneurial activity. The examples of ‘A’, ‘B’ and ‘G’ would suggest this. Before exiting their course of study they were actively engaged in the process of establishing a business. However, it must be remembered that as Block and Koellinger (2009) argue, the end outcomes such as entrepreneurial behaviour ‘predicted’ on the basis of intentions do not necessarily reflect the decisionmaking processes undergone in order to achieve that end outcome. The second research question 258
Laura Galloway, Isla Kapasi and Geoff Whittam posed, on the evidence provided could likewise be positive, however, given the small sample size and the propensity for ‘selected research bias’, that is, those who had a positive experience are more likely to respond to a speculative eMail than those who had had a negative experience, this observation must be somewhat tentative. As with other longitudinal studies, this research suffers the limitations of individuals being mobile, and hence difficult to find. Despite this limitation, the study does provide some positive stories of students post entrepreneurship education, and in particular, it shows that while life may have developed in unexpected ways for some of them, including leading to business ownership, that they perceive utility in their entrepreneurship education experience. References Ajzen, I. (1991) The theory of planned behavior. Organizational behavior and human decision processes, 50 (2) pp. 179-211. Arenius, P. and Kovalainen, A. (2006) Similarities and Differences Across the Factors Associated with Women’s Self-employment Preference in the Nordic Countries. International Small Business Journal, 24 (1) pp. 31- 59. Avnimelech, G. and Feldman, M. 2010. The regional context of corporate spawning. Paper presented at the Summer Conference on Opening Up of Innovation: Strategy, Organisation and Technology, London. Baldry, C., Bain, P., Taylor, P., Hyman, J., Scholarios, D., Marks, A., Watson, A., Gilbert, K., Gall, G., and Bunzel, D. (2007) The meaning of work in the new economy, (London, Palgrave). Baron, R.A. (2007), “Entrepreneurship: A process perspective” in Baum, J.R., Frese, M. and Baron, R.A. (eds) The Psychology of Entrepreneurship, New York: Society for Industrial and Organisational Psychology. Bergvall-Kareborn, B. & Howcroft, D. (2011) “Crowdsourcing and ICT work: A study of Apple and Google mobile application developers” available at http://www.crowdsourcing.org/document/crowdsourcing-and-ict-work-astudy-of-apple-and-google-mobile-phone-application-developers/4274 Block, J. and Koellinger, P. (2009) I Can't Get No Satisfaction—Necessity Entrepreneurship and Procedural Utility. Kyklos, 62 (2) pp. 191-209. Bosma,N., Acs, Z.J., Autio, E., Coduras, A. and Levie, J. (2008), Global Entrepreneurship Monitor,Executive Report, Global Entrepreneruship Monitor Research Consortium. Brockhaus, R.H. and Horwitz, P.S. (2004), “The psychology of the entrepreneur” in Krueger, N.F. (ed) Critical Perspectives on Business and Management, Oxford: Routledge. Bryman, A.(1988) Quantity and Quality in Research London: Unwin Hyman. Carsrud, A. and Brännback, M. (2011) Entrepreneurial Motivations: What Do We Still Need to Know? Journal of Small Business Management, 49 (1) pp. 9-26. Cassell, C. and Symon, C. (1994) “Qualitative Research in Work Contexts” in Cassell and Symon (eds) Qualitative Methods in Organizational Research: A Practical Guide pp.1-13 London: Sage Publications. Chell, E., Haworth, J. & Brearley, S. (1991) The Entrepreneurial Personality, Routledge, London. Collins, L., Hannon, P. D. and Smith, A. (2004) ‘Enacting Entrepreneurial Intent: the gaps between student needs and higher education capability’ Education and Training, Vol.46, No.8/9, pp.454-463. Cooper, A.C. 1985. The role of incubator organizations in the founding of growth oriented firms. Journal of Business Venturing 1: 75-86. Dunn, T.A. & Holtz-Eakin, D.J. (2000) ‘Financial capital, human capital and the transition to self-employment: Evidence from intergenerational links’, Journal of Labor Economics, Vol.18, No.2, pp.282-305. Elfving, J., Brännback, M. and Carsrud, A. (2009) Toward A Contextual Model of Entrepreneurial Intentions. In: Carsrud, A. L.andBrännback, M. (eds.) Understanding the Entrepreneurial Mind. New York, NY: Springer New York. Galloway, L. & Brown, W. (2002) ‘Entrepreneurship education at universities as a driver in the creation of high growth firms’. Education and Training, 44,8/9, 398-405 Galloway, L. & Kelly, S. (2009) ‘Identifying Entrepreneurial Potential? An Investigation of the Identifiers and Features of Entrepreneurship,’ International Review of Entrepreneurship, 7,4. Galloway, L., Brown, W. & Anderson, M. & Whittam, G. (2005) ‘Investigating the Impact of Entrepreneurship Education in HE’. Report for LTSN Business and Economics Support Team, Institute of Higher Education. Hout, M. & Rosen, H.S. (2000) ‘Self-employment, family background and race’, Journal of Human Resources, Vol.35, No.4, pp.670-692. Johnson, D., Craig, J.B.L. & Hildebrand, R. (2006) “Entrepreneurship education: towards a discipline-based framework”, Journal of Management Development, 25(1): 40-54. Kautonen, T., van Gelderen, M. and Tornikoski, E. T. (2011) Predicting entrepreneurial behaviour: a test of the theory of planned behaviour. Applied Economics, 45 (6) pp. 697-707. Keogh, W. & Galloway, L. (2004) ‘Teaching enterprise in vocational disciplines: reflecting on positive experience’. Management Decision, 42,3/4, 531-541. Kirby, D.A. (2004), “Entrepreneurship Education: Can Business Schools Meet the Challenge”, Education and Training, 46(8/9): 510-519) Klapper, R. (2004) “Government goals and entrepreneurship education – an investigation at a Grande Ecole in France” Education and Training, 46(3): 127-137 Kolvereid, L. and Isaksen, E. (2006) New business start-up and subsequent entry into self-employment. Journal of Business Venturing, 21 (6) pp. 866-885. 259
Page 1 and 2:
Proceedings of the 7th European Con
Page 3 and 4:
Contents Paper Title Author(s) Page
Page 5 and 6:
Paper Title Author(s) Page No. Netw
Page 7 and 8:
Paper Title Author(s) Page No. Impa
Page 9 and 10:
Preface These proceedings represent
Page 11 and 12:
UK); Erdei Gábor (University of De
Page 13 and 14:
and innovation management and strat
Page 15 and 16:
neering and Cost Analysis, at under
Page 17 and 18:
Izold Guihur is a professor of mana
Page 19 and 20:
Bala Mulloth is an assistant profes
Page 21:
Jiro Usugami is a Professor of Mana
Page 24 and 25:
Ioannis Akritidis and Alexandros Ka
Page 26 and 27:
Page 28 and 29:
Page 30 and 31:
Service Design Systems Driven Innov
Page 32 and 33:
Mohammed AlSudairi and TGK Vasista
Page 34 and 35:
Page 36 and 37:
Page 38 and 39:
Page 40 and 41:
Christos Apostolakis, José Carlos
Page 42 and 43:
Page 44 and 45:
Page 46 and 47:
Page 48 and 49:
Certifying Innovation: A Proposal f
Page 50 and 51:
3. The certification of IMS Anna Ar
Page 52 and 53:
Anna Arnò, Stefano De Falco and Gu
Page 54 and 55:
Anna Arnò, Stefano De Falco and Gu
Page 56 and 57:
The Main Drivers of Financial Innov
Page 58 and 59:
Claudia Gabriela Baicu, Olimpia Sta
Page 60 and 61:
Page 62 and 63:
Page 64 and 65:
Fernando Barbosa and Fernando Romer
Page 66 and 67:
Page 68 and 69:
Page 70 and 71:
Page 72 and 73:
Maria de Lurdes Calisto and Soumodi
Page 74 and 75:
Page 76 and 77:
Page 78 and 79:
Page 80 and 81:
2. Innovation Luísa Carvalho, Tere
Page 82 and 83:
Luísa Carvalho, Teresa Costa and S
Page 84 and 85:
Page 86 and 87:
Page 88 and 89:
Page 90 and 91:
Enterprise Potential of Portuguese
Page 92 and 93:
Maria Isabel Carvalho et al. Peterm
Page 94 and 95:
Maria Isabel Carvalho et al. � H5
Page 96 and 97:
Maria Isabel Carvalho et al. 325 re
Page 98 and 99:
Maria Isabel Carvalho et al. Since
Page 100 and 101:
Maria Isabel Carvalho et al. Lee, L
Page 102 and 103:
Adina Catana and Lavinia Delcea the
Page 104 and 105:
Adina Catana and Lavinia Delcea Wit
Page 106 and 107:
Adina Catana and Lavinia Delcea Sou
Page 108 and 109:
Adina Catana and Lavinia Delcea 2.3
Page 110 and 111:
Adina Catana and Lavinia Delcea 201
Page 112 and 113:
The use of Multi-Criteria Analysis
Page 114 and 115:
Piotr Chwastyk innovation. Stage-Ga
Page 116 and 117:
Piotr Chwastyk participation of a t
Page 118 and 119:
Piotr Chwastyk properly conducted a
Page 120 and 121:
Ana Cordeiro and Filipa Vieira Comp
Page 122 and 123:
Ana Cordeiro and Filipa Vieira The
Page 124 and 125:
Ana Cordeiro and Filipa Vieira With
Page 126 and 127:
Ana Cordeiro and Filipa Vieira Comt
Page 128 and 129:
Teresa Costa and Luísa Carvalho ac
Page 130 and 131:
Teresa Costa and Luísa Carvalho or
Page 132 and 133:
Project name Public target “Capit
Page 134 and 135:
Teresa Costa and Luísa Carvalho Ta
Page 136 and 137:
Appendix 1: Interview guide Referen
Page 138 and 139:
Does it Make Sense to go Against "S
Page 140 and 141:
Oscar Cristi, José Ernesto Amorós
Page 142 and 143:
Page 144 and 145:
Page 146 and 147:
Page 148 and 149:
Pat Daly and James Walsh organisati
Page 150 and 151:
Pat Daly and James Walsh positive i
Page 152 and 153:
Pat Daly and James Walsh Having int
Page 154 and 155:
Pat Daly and James Walsh McGrath, R
Page 156 and 157:
Luc De Grez and Dirk Van Lindt succ
Page 158 and 159:
3.3 Method Luc De Grez and Dirk Van
Page 160 and 161:
Luc De Grez and Dirk Van Lindt Wilc
Page 162 and 163:
Nanotechnologies and Eco-Innovation
Page 164 and 165:
Aurelie Delemarle and Claire Auplat
Page 166 and 167:
Page 168 and 169:
Page 170 and 171:
Page 172 and 173:
Carine Deslee are concerned. We wil
Page 174 and 175:
Carine Deslee Innovation. Its aim i
Page 176 and 177:
Carine Deslee of how Participative
Page 178 and 179:
Carine Deslee To conclude, we show
Page 180 and 181:
Motivations and Attitudes Towards F
Page 182 and 183:
Anca Otilia Dodescu et al. business
Page 184 and 185:
Anca Otilia Dodescu et al. intuitio
Page 186 and 187:
Anca Otilia Dodescu et al. funding
Page 188 and 189:
Fostering SMEs and Innovation: Chal
Page 190 and 191:
Anca Dodescu establishing an effici
Page 192 and 193:
Anca Dodescu performance external t
Page 194 and 195:
Acknowledgments Anca Dodescu The pa
Page 196 and 197:
Entrepreneurial Capital: The Experi
Page 198 and 199:
Thomas Domboka performance of their
Page 200 and 201:
Thomas Domboka What seemed apparent
Page 202 and 203:
Belonging to business Associations
Page 204 and 205:
Thomas Domboka comparative study wi
Page 206 and 207:
Carolyn Downs Lambros Lazuras and P
Page 208 and 209:
Page 210 and 211:
Page 212 and 213:
Fostering Creativity and Innovation
Page 214 and 215:
Claudia Erni Baumann, Frank Zoller
Page 216 and 217:
Page 218 and 219:
Page 220 and 221:
Entrepreneurial Attitudes and Perce
Page 222 and 223:
3. Methodology 3.1 Data Paula Odete
Page 224 and 225:
Country Paula Odete Fernandes, Joã
Page 226 and 227:
Paula Odete Fernandes, João Ferrei
Page 228 and 229:
Paula Odete Fernandes, João Ferrei
Page 230 and 231: Potentialities of Public eProcureme
Page 232 and 233: Isabel Ferreira and Luís Alfredo A
Page 240 and 241: Ana Ferreira et al. micro gas turbi
Page 242 and 243: Ana Ferreira et al. Figure 1: Portu
Page 244 and 245: 3.2 Benefits of micro-CHP Ana Ferre
Page 246 and 247: Ana Ferreira et al. Figure 3: Growt
Page 248 and 249: The Influence of Innovative Capacit
Page 250 and 251: 3. Methodology Sample and Data Joã
Page 252 and 253: João Ferreira, Mário Raposo and C
Page 258 and 259: Stelian-Cornel Florica and George D
Page 268 and 269: Brendan Galbraith et al. Competiven
Page 270 and 271: Brendan Galbraith et al. The proces
Page 272 and 273: References Brendan Galbraith et al.
Page 274 and 275: Where are They now? A Entrepreneurs
Page 276 and 277: Laura Galloway, Isla Kapasi and Geo
Page 284 and 285: Oleg Golichenko and Svetlana Samovo
Page 294 and 295: Elissaveta Gourova, Ivan Draganov a
Page 304 and 305: Izold Guihur and Gilles Marcoux org
Page 306 and 307: Izold Guihur and Gilles Marcoux of
Page 308 and 309: Izold Guihur and Gilles Marcoux was
Page 310 and 311: Izold Guihur and Gilles Marcoux Par
Page 312 and 313: Heiko Haase, Mário Franco and Ant
Page 320 and 321: Takashi Hirao and Yusuke Hoshino We
Page 322 and 323: Takashi Hirao and Yusuke Hoshino As
Page 324 and 325: Takashi Hirao and Yusuke Hoshino 4.
Page 326 and 327: Takashi Hirao and Yusuke Hoshino ma
Page 328 and 329: Takashi Hirao and Yusuke Hoshino Fu
Page 330 and 331:
Jukka Huhtamäki et al. innovation
Page 332 and 333:
Jukka Huhtamäki et al. represent Y
Page 334 and 335:
Jukka Huhtamäki et al. Figure 3: T
Page 336 and 337:
Jukka Huhtamäki et al. about gatek
Page 338 and 339:
Spin-Off Performance: Entrepreneuri
Page 340 and 341:
Thanh Huynh, Daniel Aranda and Luis
Page 342 and 343:
-order CFA Measurement model Thanh
Page 344 and 345:
Thanh Huynh, Daniel Aranda and Luis
Page 346 and 347:
An Agile Approach for Measuring the
Page 348 and 349:
Monica Izvercianu and Cella-Flavia
Page 350 and 351:
Page 352 and 353:
Page 354 and 355:
Prosumer Involvement in Innovation
Page 356 and 357:
Monica Izvercianu and Sabina Şeran
Page 358 and 359:
Page 360 and 361:
Page 362 and 363:
The Competitive Advantage for Early
Page 364 and 365:
Maroun Jneid and Antoine Tannous ma
Page 366 and 367:
Maroun Jneid and Antoine Tannous Fi
Page 368 and 369:
Maroun Jneid and Antoine Tannous We
Page 370 and 371:
7.2 Managerial contributions Maroun
Page 372 and 373:
1.1 Innovation management Magdalena
Page 374 and 375:
esearch based on literature Areas o
Page 376 and 377:
Magdalena Jurczyk - Bunkowska descr
Page 378 and 379:
Magdalena Jurczyk - Bunkowska stage
Page 380 and 381:
Ontologies Enable Innovation Jussi
Page 382 and 383:
Jussi Kantola and Hannu Vanharanta
Page 384 and 385:
5. Ontology-based asymmetry Jussi K
Page 386 and 387:
Table 2: Knowledge innovation scope
Page 388 and 389:
Fusing Technology, Innovation and E
Page 390 and 391:
Panayiotis Ketikidis et al. industr
Page 392 and 393:
Panayiotis Ketikidis et al. 3.4 Pro
Page 394 and 395:
Panayiotis Ketikidis et al. dissemi
Page 396 and 397:
Panayiotis Ketikidis et al. variety
Page 398 and 399:
Developing Øresund Region’s Inno
Page 400 and 401:
3. Methodology Peter Kiryushin, Bal
Page 402 and 403:
Peter Kiryushin, Bala Mulloth and T
Page 404 and 405:
Peter Kiryushin, Bala Mulloth and T
Page 406 and 407:
At the Intersection of Dynamic Capa
Page 408 and 409:
3. Hypothesis development İpek Ko
Page 410 and 411:
Organizational Learning Capability
Page 412 and 413:
İpek Koçoğlu; Salih Zeki İmamo
Page 414 and 415:
İpek Koçoğlu; Salih Zeki İmamo
Page 416 and 417:
The Significance of the LGBT-Commun
Page 418 and 419:
Thomas Köllen, Regine Bendl and Sa
Page 420 and 421:
Page 422 and 423:
Page 424 and 425:
Page 426 and 427:
Crowdinvesting, an Innovative Optio
Page 428 and 429:
Hanno Kortleben and Bernhard Vollma
Page 430 and 431:
Hanno Kortleben and Bernhard Vollma
Page 432 and 433:
Appendix 1 Hanno Kortleben and Bern
Page 434 and 435:
References Hanno Kortleben and Bern
Page 436 and 437:
2. Quality management in services Y
Page 438 and 439:
Yvonne Lagrosen and Stefan Lagrosen
Page 440 and 441:
Yvonne Lagrosen and Stefan Lagrosen
Page 442 and 443:
Innovation and Entrepreneurship Stu
Page 444 and 445:
Hans Landström, Gouya Harirchi and
Page 446 and 447:
Page 448 and 449:
Page 450 and 451:
Page 452 and 453:
Exploring Regulatory Focus, Entrepr
Page 454 and 455:
Zaidatol Akmaliah Lope Pihie, Afsan
Page 456 and 457:
Page 458 and 459:
Page 460 and 461:
The Size of an Enterprise and Enhan
Page 462 and 463:
Ladislav Ludvík and Jindra Peterko
Page 464 and 465:
Page 466 and 467:
Page 468 and 469:
Page 470 and 471:
MariaJesus Luengo and Maria Obeso I
Page 472 and 473:
MariaJesus Luengo and Maria Obeso O
Page 474 and 475:
MariaJesus Luengo and Maria Obeso A
Page 476 and 477:
MariaJesus Luengo and Maria Obeso s
show all

A Proposal for a Standard With Innovation Management System

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?