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view to be a precondition for a gradual building of more comprehensive ownership(Norad 2011).6.3.1.2 Stakeholder participationGiven that so far only the forest sector and environmental division has been involved,it might send out a message that this is just that REDD is purely a climate change andforest issue and that it does not affect nor is important for other government sectors.However, dealing with the drivers of deforestation, one will have to involve severalother government ministries and sectors. For instance as conversion of forest toagricultural land is the biggest driver of deforestation the Ministry of Agriculture andFood Security will have to be involved and policy around land and land conversiontaken in account, and as around 90% of energy use in Tanzania comes from woodfuels and biomass products (World Bank 2009) the Ministry of Energy and Mineralswill also have to play an important part. In addition, given the important landrights/property rights element to REDD+ also the Ministry of Lands and HumanSettlements Development should be on board. The same applies for the Ministry ofFinance given the apparent and demanding financial aspect of REDD+ in terms ofcarbon payments and for PMO-RALG as REDD+ clearly needs multi-levelgovernment involvement when implementing REDD+ at district and village level.Therefore, ensuring the cooperation and drive from all these different stakeholders isparamount for an effective and sustainable REDD+. It will, however, not be an easytask. Because viewing REDD+ as an important program in terms of dealing withclimate change is one thing. Seeing it as a legitimate solution or policy element foroverall national development which then requires the participation from many sectorsis another matter. Although including REDD+ in overall national developmentstrategies/policies such as MKUKUTA is an important step towards placing REDDon the national agenda, it might be challenging when engaging other public sectorsand government Ministries. It will involve their willingness to take on responsibilitiesand tasks concerning REDD+ and add to their current workload and activities. Inaddition, it will probably entail difficult compromises to be made, given the highpossibility of conflicting interests between sectors, and some might end up feelingtheir interests are not being met in the discussions. However, it is hard to believe thatthis can be avoided, and as Berger states: “Policy making is inherently conflictual,involving an uneven distribution of power and influence between different institutions155