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View/Open - Sokoine University of Agriculture

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eaches you, and it can also cause for a more stop-and-start conversation whereeverything has to be translated before one can move on to follow-up questions or newquestions. During our resource person interviews and focus group discussions weonly relied on meticulous research notes as we felt the tape recorder made ourparticipants uneasy. The notes were then used in transcribing the interviews the firstchance we got, which then allowed us to build on the new knowledge for the rest <strong>of</strong>our data collection within each village, and gain back some <strong>of</strong> the cross-referencepossibility which our limited time prevented us to do.As stated, we made use <strong>of</strong> research assistants when in the field, given our workloadand in order to maximize the efficiency <strong>of</strong> our data collection. The use <strong>of</strong> assistants,although it made it possible to cover more ground in a shorter period <strong>of</strong> time,increased the risk <strong>of</strong> misinterpretation or loss <strong>of</strong> details. The reasons for this could bebecause they were not as familiar with the aims and objectives <strong>of</strong> the research, mightnot have made as many follow up questions where needed, or tried to clarifyinconsistencies and been as persistent in reformulating questions to get theinformation needed, as we might have been. However, by keeping an open dialoguebetween us we tried to minimize this risk.On this note, we find it important to remember the role <strong>of</strong> the researcher and researchparticipant. As Webb et al. (1966:13) points out, when a person is taking part in ascholarly search, and is aware <strong>of</strong> this fact, it might result in what they call the“reactive measurement effect” which might affect the responses given and the datacollected (Bryman 2008, p.266.). These responses might include: the guinea pig effectwhere the research participants answers and behaves in a way he or she would notnormally do because they want to create a good impression; role selection where theymight answer in accordance to what they think the researcher wants to hear; ormeasurement as a change agent where their behaviour might be affected by the solepresence <strong>of</strong> having a researcher or “outsider” in their presence. The fourth componentis what they call response sets, where the respondent consistently agrees or disagreeswith the questions being asked regardless <strong>of</strong> the meaning or clear contradiction toprevious answers (Ibid).66

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