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7.2.3 Non-farm activitiesIn the study area, 27% of the households reported involvement in non-farm activities.Out of these, brewing was the most common activity followed by shop/trade andagricultural processing (see Table 32).Table 32: Representation of non-farm activities (%), Kilosa District, Tanzania,2010Lunenzi Nyali Masugu TotalShop/trade* 5 7 12 8Agricultural processing 3 3 0 2Brewing 13 10 13 12Other* 2 5 15 7N = 180, * indicates significantly difference between locations (p < 0.05Variations exist between the villages. This is especially true for shops and trade, butalso for others. However, it must be said that the level of wealth determineshousehold‟s engagements in non-farm activities. It is therefore mostly the householdsthat are better off which participates.12% of the households made local brew as an off-farm activity. This was carried outin similar fashions along all three villages, and was done solely by women. In thisregard, households headed by women are significantly more engaged in brewingactivities (p = 0,036).8% of the respondents were engaged in shops/trade, and typically involved smallshops selling basic products. This activity was mostly seen in Masugu, and the least inLunenzi, which can be explained by their respective locations. Since Masugu arelocated not far from the road or Kilosa town, people would more easily be able to runsmall shops and trade. On the contrary, Lunenzi were located far away from roads inthe highlands, making it difficult to keep small shops or trade.A third non-farm activity was agricultural processing. However, this was only done inNyali and Lunenzi. We were told that due to its proximity to town, several householdsin Masugu transported their crops to town for processing there instead. This canexplain this numbers, and also give an explanation why Nyali and Lunenzi wereengaged in such activities. In this respect, closeness to market will matter.192