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IIb. STATE FORESTS (JOINT FOREST MANAGEMENT)C17. Do you have user rights to resources in state forests (JFM) in your community?C17a. Are your user rights to state forest (JFM) formal or informal?.C17b. Do you have individual or common use rights to state forest (JFM)?C17c. Are your user rights limited to particular resources in the state forest (JFM)?C17d. If „yes‟, which are the most important forest resources you can use?___________________________________________________________C18. Do you have any influence on the rules that govern use and management of thestate forests (JFM)? You may tick more than one option.1 Yes, duringvillage assemblymeetings2 Yes, duringother meetings3 Yes, throughgeneral discussions inmy community4 No, we havenot taken partat all5 I donotknowC19. How satisfied are you with the rules that govern use and management of thestate forest (JFM)?1 Very dissatisfied 2 Somewhatdissatisfied3 Somewhatsatisfied4 Very satisfiedC19a. If „somewhat dissatisfied‟ or „very dissatisfied‟ with the rules, why is it so?No1 Disagree2 Disagree 3 Agreesomewhat somewhat1 My/our interests are not taken into account2 Unclear boundaries/outsiders are intruding3 Unequal distribution of use and benefits4 Too strong limitation on access to resources5 Rules are not followed6 The local community is not enough involved inmaking rules7 Conflict resolution mechanisms are inappropriate8 Too weak enforcement of rules/sanctions9 Creates opportunities for corruption10 Bad management/lack of coordination11 Other (specify)4 AgreeC19b. If „somewhat satisfied‟ or „very satisfied‟ with the rules, why is it so?No1 Disagree2 Disagree 3 Agreesomewhat somewhat1 My/our interests are well taken into account4 Agreexix
2 Clear boundaries/outsiders are kept out3 Equal distribution of use and benefits4 Good access to resources5 Rules are followed6 The local community is involved in making rules7 Conflict resolution mechanisms are appropriate8 Proper enforcement of rules/sanctions9 Good management and coordination10 Other (specify)C20. Do you feel bound by the rules that govern use and management in the state forests(JFM)?1 I feel bound bythem and followthem always2 I feel quite boundby them and followthem mostly3 I feel somewhatbound by them andfollow them sometimes4 I don‟t feel bound 5 Not relevantto meby them and do usuallynot follow themC21. Have there been any changes in the rules that govern use and management ofthe state forest (JFM) in the last five years?C21a. If „yes‟, have the changes influenced your use of state forests (JFM)?1 It has 2 It has worsenedworsened my my livelihood tolivelihood a lot some extent3 It did not haveany effect on mylivelihood4 It has improvedmy livelihood tosome extent5 It hasimproved mylivelihood a lotC22. How is your relationship with the forest management committee under the JFMarrangement?1 Very bad 2 Bad 3 Fair 4 Good 5 Very good 6. Not relevantIIc. STATE FORESTS (COMMUNITY-BASED FOREST MANAGEMENT)C23. Do you have user rights to resources in state forests (CBFM) in yourcommunity?C23a. Are your user rights to state forest (CBFM) formal or informal?C23b. Do you have individual or common use rights to state forest (CBFM)?C23c. Are your user rights limited to particular resources in the state forest (CBFM)?C23d. If „yes‟, which are the most important forest resources you can use?____________________________________________________________xx
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(NOT) A REDD LIGHT DISTRICT?REDD po
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DECLARATIONWe, Cecilie Dyngeland an
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AbstractThis study focuses on the g
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Table of ContentsCHAPTER ONE - INTR
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7.5.4 OFF-FARM INCOME 2027.5.5 REMI
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List of TablesTable 1: Land use dis
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List of Abbreviations and AcronymsC
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CHAPTER ONE - INTRODUCTION1.1 Intro
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As a result of the ongoing REDD rea
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Brachystegia, Julbernardia and Isob
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livestock populations increase in T
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een trying to deal with the issue,
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under the CDM were afforestation an
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REDD+ “readiness” funding provi
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with the other FCPF countries (Unit
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Due to both limitations of time and
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4 How do they interact with local g
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the actors; (6) Outcomes and evalua
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influence the characteristics of th
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There are many examples of rules th
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for collective decision-making; bal
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2.1.5. Interactions between actors/
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2.2. Description of the Sustainable
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different income sources at a point
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Although income and livelihood are
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(4) Size of household: The size of
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a set of definitions to explain the
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country needs a robust forest monit
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may be equally important in determi
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transparency and the extra difficul
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access to motorized forest tools, s
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have the de jure right to restrict
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dwellers in the REDD process, in ma
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She argues that participation has b
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2.3.7.2 Model of individualsIn disc
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location, such as a community or or
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External validity, on the other han
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3.3.3 Semi-structured and structure
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Through survey research we needed t
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variables (Ys) and the explanatory
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All these components we felt clearl
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(Bryman 2008, p.118.), we followed
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Figure 5: Map over Kilosa DistrictL
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densely populated one with its 2622
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Figure 6: Agricultural production z
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establishment of more sisal estates
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are located, the total loss of fore
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communities such as the Maasai, Bar
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To sum up, Kilosa District can be c
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5.1 Priority of environmental manag
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established with the enactment of E
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esources and the environment, and t
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national forest reserves, i.e. both
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degradation (REDD)” is found, as
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The Forest Act thus sets the framew
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5.4 Tanzania local structure for en
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the 1970s and 1980s. Firstly, as pa
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5.4.3 District, Ward and Village Go
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Office and Regional Administration
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make sure the general population fo
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forest management activities by pla
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to the office within this period, w
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CHAPTER SIX - REDD IN TANZANIAIn th
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Analytical phaseEstablishing goals,
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Drivers 32 . Each working group is
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Table 8: Stakeholders involved in t
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esponsibilities with NEMC, which al
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cooperation with various academic i
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FORCONSULT‟s (2010) in-depth stud
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institutions (with the election of
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$500 million and lost governmental
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National FrameworkConsultationsNati
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Table 10: Zonal consultation proces
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together including government depar
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Modalities ofEstablishing andOperat
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Table 12: NGO REDD pilot projectsNG
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money, NGO‟s will adopt to the do
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REDD+ and provides them with perfor
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In the second phase, the consultati
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Figure 14: Proposed public structur
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countries can participate according
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the state administration, and budge
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Table 6.6 REDD in relation to exist
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6.3 Major challenges for an effecti
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view to be a precondition for a gra
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6.3.1.3 Coordination of activities
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coordination system among key stake
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6.3.2 Institutions governing the po
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that WMAs are completely overlooked
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6.3.2.2 Good Governance and Institu
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should have to adhere to the same s
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though, as some feel there has been
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CHAPTER SEVEN - LOCAL LIVELIHOODS A
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meaning that where households lived
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1 %28 %No formaleductaionPrimary71
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From Table 15 we can see that it is
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7.1.3 Physical capitalIn general, a
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The majority of people carried thei
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By looking at the three different v
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When compared to location, we see t
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The types of crops produced seemed
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primarily for consumption and only
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Lastly, it appeared that the lack o
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7.2.4 Off-farm activitiesIn the stu
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Table 35: Annual income sources by
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and Masugu were quite close to one
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political and social conditions wit
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Total household incomewere engaged
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not being able to tend to own incom
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livelihood strategies into two over
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In terms of income groups, less poo
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shocks and deforestation. Neverthel
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turning to other income sources as
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legal system within the district st
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egulations in place to deal with th
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In this chapter we have gone throug
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outline the project as a whole with
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Through the Rubeho Environmental Ac
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organizations and research agencies
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Key design issues for the issues fo
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al. 2011). A team of 5 permanent st
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this forest protection, however, va
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On this note, another main reason f
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As a final factor to take into cons
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less are also highly dependent on f
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Table 54: The authority viewed as b
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8.2.2.3 Stage two: Assessment and m
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have made for the forest 48 . Final
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When asked about the first option
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8.3. Existing RegimesAs emphasised,
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From the table above there are seve
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REDD+ will succeed in the other are
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project, both in terms of permanenc
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example given previously about anot
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The full participation of district
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mismanagement there would be. It wa
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suffering the most from such a proj
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However, some issues still prevail
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wonder how these experts would valu
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As the basis of which carbon paymen
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ecome explicit and can increase con
Page 289 and 290: It is also highly obvious that deal
Page 291 and 292: However, it is a concern as in some
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Page 295 and 296: if Masugu seems to face most challe
Page 297 and 298: On the basis of the information we
Page 299 and 300: In terms of Efficiency there are al
Page 301 and 302: In addition we found that further n
Page 303 and 304: the case for the poorest people in
Page 305 and 306: 9.2 RecommendationsWhen analyzing t
Page 307 and 308: ReferencesAbdallah, J. M. and G. G.
Page 309 and 310: Bryman, A. (2008). Social research
Page 311 and 312: Forconsult (2010). Modalities of es
Page 313 and 314: Kooiman, J. (1993). Modern governan
Page 315 and 316: Nathan, I., J. F. Lund, et al. (200
Page 317 and 318: Shishira, E. K., P. Z. Yanda, et al
Page 319 and 320: United Republic of Tanzania (2009).
Page 321 and 322: World Bank (2009). Tanzania: countr
Page 324: iii
Page 328 and 329: LANDA10. Please indicate the size o
Page 330 and 331: A21. Does any member of your househ
Page 332 and 333: HC1. Do you practice fire on your l
Page 334 and 335: B12. How would you rate your access
Page 336 and 337: (NB: READ THE MANUAL ON INCOME CARE
Page 338 and 339: II.STATE FORESTS (FORESTS UNDER STA
Page 342 and 343: C24. Do you have any influence on t
Page 344 and 345: C34. Do you face any difficulties i
Page 346 and 347: 1Very bad 2 Bad 3 Fair 4 Good 5 Ver
Page 348 and 349: SECTION D: Perceptions, attitudes a
Page 350 and 351: ___________________________________
Page 352 and 353: 1 The compensation will make me equ
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