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households in the study area. However, Nyali were here an exemption and was theonly village with a fully operational credit union.By having addressed available assets, we now move forward to how people chose tolive accordingly through different livelihood strategies.7.2 Activities and income sources (household livelihood strategies)From the livelihood assets discussed above, households carry out a variety of differentstrategies. Four main activities were recorded, and include agriculture production,forest and environmental activities, and non-farm and off-farm employment.However, since our main area of interest is surrounding the forest, most of our focuswill be put here.7.2.1 AgricultureAlmost all (99 %) households in the project area were engaged in agriculture. 53% ofthe produce were used for consumption, while 43% was sold. While some cropsserved the purpose as both cash crops and for subsistence (typically selling the surplusproduce), some crops were purely used as cash crops, most notably sim sim andsunflower. We recorded as much as 25 different varieties of crops. On average eachhousehold would grow two or three different crops and quite a few grew for instancevarious types of leaves in between a dominant crop such as maize. This was done toincrease their total output but also to some extent to increase their resilience, meaningif one crop failed they would still have some output. In Table 28, the most commoncrops produced are shown.Table 29: Cash and subsistence crops per village, Kilosa District, Tanzania, 2011Lunenzi Nyali MasuguCash crop Maize, beans, bananas Maize, sim sim, rice,cassava, beans,tomatoes, pigeon peasleavesSubsistenceMaize, beans, bananas,cassava, sugarcaneMaize, rice, cassava,beans, tomatoes,pigeon peas leavesMaize, sim sim,cassava, sun flowerMaize, banana, chineseleaves/ other leaves186