Electrical Power for Valdez and the Copper River Basin-1981

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CHAPTER VI .ALTERNATIVE GENERATION AND COSTS·Focus of this chapter is selection of feasible power and energy supplypossibilities for the Valdez/Glennallen area. As follow-up to theSolomon Gulch hydro project, now under construction, only three alternativesappear reasonable:1. Allison Creek hydro (two options)2. P~essure Reducing Turbines (PRT's) in the Alyeska pipeline3. Interconnection to the Railbelt area (Palmer-Glennallen transmissionline).Discussion of the alternatives considered follows:HydropowerSeveral sites in addition to Aliison Creek and Solomon Gulch have beeninventoried in the Valdez and Glennallen areas. These are part of astatewide list of 252 published in February 1980 in an Alaska" PowerAdministration report titled Hydroelectric Alternatives for the AlaskaRailbelt. Sizes and evaluations are given in the following list:ValdezLowe River 0.2 - 55 MWSilver Lake10 MWMineral Creek 0.4 - 1.3 MWGold Creek ?Unnamed Creek 3.6 - 10.4 MWCleave820 MWWood Canyon 2,600Currently classed as not feasible economicallyor environmentally.Requires much longer transmission thanAllison Creek. Can perhaps be the nextincrement.Currently classed as uneco~omical.Currently classed as uneconomical.Currently classed as uneconomical.Far too large for area.Far too large for area.GlennallenTazlinaLower Gulkana RiverSanford104 MW9MW80 MWPrevious studies show less feasibilitythan Lowe.Previous studies show less feasibilitythan Lowe.Previous studies show less feasibilitythan Lowe.23
These are the sites closest by. Other sites could also be consideredbut are judged not alternative to Allison Creek~ If the very largeprojects, Wood Canyon or Cleave, are developed for energy export elsewhere;feasibility of serving the Glennallen-Valdez interconnectionshould be considered.Tidal PowerTidal power is not considered an 'alternative to Allison Creek. The mainreason is sizing and economics. The size needed for.tida1project1 feasibility is much too large for indigenous use. In qddition, a Valdezarea tidal project would certainly conflict with port traffic (oiltankers, etc.). If a tidal project is· constructed in the Cook Inletarea, it would be considered as exogeneous supply to the Valdez/Glennallenarea by new transmission facilities.Steamp1antsSteam turbines can use many types of resources: coal, oil, gas, nuclear,biomass, sun heat. The availability of each resource, economics, andinstitutional constraints preclude steamp1ants from consideration asalternatives for the Valdez/Glennallen area.Coal-FiredCoal is Scarce in the Valdez/Glennallen area. One deposit has beendefined in the Chugach Mountains, east of the Copper River delta. Noothers are evidenced. This deposit is ranked low in probability ofdevelopment. A State report of Alaska's resources (see bibliographyreference 13) lists it as ninth out of a dozen possibilities.Several recent report~/ have indicated small size (less than 50 MW)coal-fired steamp1ants cost between $4,000 and $5,000 per kW. Thisincludes scrubbers. Other environmental equipment would increase capitalcosts. Adding escalating fuel costs, fuel transportation costs (coalwould have to be imported), and high maintenance costs would causesteamp1ant energy to be more expensive than Allison Creek.Oi1- and Gas-FiredOil and gas provinces in the Gulf of Alaska area are evaluated in theState study of Alaska's resources (see bibliography item 13). Evaluationsrank an off-shore province as promising, a province surroundingGlennallen as possible, and a province east of Cordova as very improbable.In addition to the lack of local fuel supplies, oil- and gas-firedsteamp1ants are considered as unlikely alternatives to Allison Creekbecause shortages and national policy indicate that in a few years thesefuels will not be availablp for powerplants. In the sizes needed forgeneration at ValdeZ/Glennallen, other forms of energy supply are morepractical and economic.1/ 1979 Susitna Power Market Study; Alaska Study Committee SouthcentralAlaska Level R Studies.24
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E---~for-~-~and the Copper River B-
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SYLLABUSThe geographic area conside
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SOUTHCENTRAL RAILBELT AREA. ALASKAI
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INTRODUCTIONDue to continued growth
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The city of Valdez conducted enviro
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FIGURE I:HYDROPOWER STUDY AREAFOR V
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oard feet of hardwoods, half of whi
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VALDEZ
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ALYESKA PIPELINE TERMINAL
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Other Activities:Nonseasonal stable
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Table 3Historical Population of Val
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Transportation and Tourism:Detailed
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The following tables show the futur
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framework of the study authority an
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Nucl ear:Nuclear energy development
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lntertie:With the deciSlon by the C
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If the powerhouse were moved to jus
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CONSERVATION:Description:THE NONSTR
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TRANSMISSION INTERTIEDescription_:T
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impaired. As a result, standoy gene
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ALLISON LAKE
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From the time of pO\'Ier-on-line, o
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Technical services such as electron
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175150FIGURE: 2ENERGY DEMAND - REVI
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175150FIGURE: 4ENERGY - REVISED APA
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SYSTEMOF ACCOUNTSAccountsPlan AAll
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AccountsPlan A.All Diesel Generatio
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then be determined for the 100-year
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Comnents received from the city of
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FINALENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT
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LIST OF PRFPARERSNameExpert i seExp
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COMPARATIVE IMPACTS OF ALTERNATIVES
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AREAS OF CONTROVERSYTo date no spec
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COVER SHEETLIST OF PREPARERSFINAL E
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A. NEED FOR AND OBJECTIVES OF ACTIO
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alternative has been estimated to p
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slopes surrounding Allisorl Lake ar
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weir to the mouth, with the majorit
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expected to Allison Creek below All
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2. Biologicala. Vegetation:,r-.Hydr
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Waterfowl and water related birds f
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within the local community. The imp
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Cumulative impacts to the Port Vald
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Program-related issues. The Alaska
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13.10INDEXSubjectsAffected Environm
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APPENDIX AHYDROLOGYTABLE OF CONTENT
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snowfields and glacier areas on the
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AVERAGE MONTHLY PRECIPITATION(inche
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gages at Lowe River near Valdez, Lo
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were estimated based on Tonsina Riv
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'fUR r)c r ,-. n:c JA~ FEEl "'A~ AP
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--..,I-J--. -,-- - ----- - --TONS I
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ALLISON CREEKESTIMATED STREAMFLOW -
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APPENDIX BEXISTING SYSTEM ANDFUTURE
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IIHf{ODUCTIONThis section is devote
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FIGURE: B-1PRICE INCREASES OF DIESE
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Installed Generat.or Peak Energy fo
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90008000700060005000- 4000 ~..-:300
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Table 4VALDEZ-GLENNALLEN AREA UTILI
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As footnoted, the Alaska Power Admi
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201510CDI5.: ...:.T. .' !', ~. '.,
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SOLOMON HY I.IICU'-__'lOUIE 1-7 MlN
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, .. ,·.AYI.AG! fOWl. DlMANO WHit,
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The following is an excerpt from th
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Power Requirement Study (excerpt)GL
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APPENDIX CECONOMIC EVALUATION
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INTRODUCTIONThe purpose of this sec
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value of 66.92 mills/kWh. This figu
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FIGURE C-2: SOLOMON GULCH ALLISON L
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Er.Jployment Benefits Computation (
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energy would be fully utilized. As
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ECONOMIC EVALUATION OF HYDROPONER M
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ECONOMIC EV~LUATION OF HYDROPO~ER M
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------~-~ECONO~IC EVALUATION OF HYD
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ECONOMIC EVALUATION OF HYDROPO~ER M
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ECONO~IC EVALUATION OF HYDROPOwER M
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APPENDI X DPROJECT DESCRIPTION AND
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POWERHOUSETypeTRANSMISSION LINEVolt
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POWERHOUSETypeTRANSMISSION LINEVolt
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VALDEZ HYDROELECTRIC POWER PROJECTG
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turbine. The penstock would bifurca
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TABLE D-lSUMMARY COST ESTIMATEOCTOB
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TABLE 0-3DETAILED COST ESTIMATEVALD
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TABLE D- 3 (cont)Cost Unit Tota 1Ac
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TABL E D-4DETAILED COST ESTIMATEVAL
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TABLE D-4 (cont)Co st Unit Tota 1Ac
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, ..... ,..\ (I),;> "----f .'-.. -I
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"'~~TAPANDROCK TRAP1600.•. -~ "00
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CORPS OF ENGINEERSU. S. ARMY./f----
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APPENDIX EENVIRONMENTAL DATA
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TABLE 1ATEMPERATURE RECORDING OF AL
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TABLE 1A (cont)ALL! SON CREEK (cont
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TABLE 1A (cont)ALLISON CREEK (cont)
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ALLISON CREEK (cont)FEBRUARY HIGH L
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ALLISON CREEK (cant)TABLE lA (cant)
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TABLE 1A (cont)ALLISON CREEK (cont)
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TABLE 1A (cont)SOLOMON CREEK - HIGH
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TABLE 1A (cant)SOLOMON CREEK (cant)
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TABLE 1A (cont)SOLOMON CREEK (cont)
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TABLE lA (cont)SOLOMON CREEK (cont)
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TABLE 1A (cont)SOLOMON CREEK (cont)
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SOLOMON CREEK (cont)TABLE 1A (cont)
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TABLE 2ACalculated Flows of Allison
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TABLE 2BCalculated Flows of Allison
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TABLE 4AWater Quality Data of Allis
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TABLE 4A (cont)PARAMETERCalciumMagn
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TABLE 4A (cont)PARAMETERTurb i d it
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TABLE 4A (cont)PARAMETERTurb i d it
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TABLE 4BALLISON LAKEWA TER QUALI TV
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TABLE 6BIRDS OF THE PORT VALDEZ ARE
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Oregon JuncoTree SparrowWhite-crown
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UNITED STf-lrESDEPARTMENT OF THE IN
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c. Effects on Benthos: The proposed
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An ecological evalu~)tion as requir
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JAY S. HAMMO~D. GOVERNORDEPARTMENr
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CULTURAL RESOURCESAboriginal Settin
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shorp--probablv to facilitate easie
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Today the Alyeska oil terminal enco
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APPENDIX GFOUNDATIONS AND MATERIALS
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100 psi pressure at depth. The sour
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-1'~~ ·/~-IU-'J\·-----'~r-.-;-,~
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~UMi'.'j~'~Y!lfGIOL~ N ..--Pa.w'rln
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; ;; Ii; Z II;;; II til, ;;; : i;;
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Valdez InterimSouthcentral Railbelt
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LIST OF FIGURES AND TABLESPageFigur
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-----------------------------------
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-~~ ~..rt~i~;Valdez Interim ReportS
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alder, salmonberry, blueberry, and
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Table IIPrince William Sound Salmon
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3/ 4/ 5/- - -1976 Average weights b
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the number of pink salmon counted i
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in the fall at the upper end of the
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Table 1 VAllison Creek -Discharge M
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outlet from the lake; however, the
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As stated previously, two alternati
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Discharge measurements are sparse a
Page 274 and 275: Streambed sedimentation can be caus
Page 276 and 277: 8. That during the construction pha
Page 278 and 279: LITERATURE CITEDBailey, Jack E., an
Page 280 and 281: Sharp-shinned hawk - Accipiter stri
Page 282 and 283: Allison ereekTemperature DataDateTe
Page 284 and 285: ALLISON CREEKSeptember 1979 . Octob
Page 286 and 287: ALLISON CREEKDecember 1979 Januarl
Page 288 and 289: SOLOMON. CREEKSeEtember 1979 Octobe
Page 290 and 291: 7. That clearing for the penstock c
Page 292 and 293: 22. That a cooperative study of the
Page 294 and 295: APPENDIX IMARKETABILITY REPORT
Page 296 and 297: Department Of EnergyAlaska Power Ad
Page 298 and 299: Valdez/Glennallen Power Market Anal
Page 300 and 301: List of·Tab1esTableIII-1IV-1IV-2V-
Page 302 and 303: Valdez/Glennallen Power Market Anal
Page 304 and 305: CHAPTER IISUMMARYValdez and Glennal
Page 306 and 307: A. Assuming Allison Creek follows S
Page 308 and 309: CHAPTER IIIPOWER MARKET DESCRIPTION
Page 310 and 311: increases. Municipal construction h
Page 312 and 313: CHAPTER IVEXISTING POWER SYSTEMSSys
Page 314 and 315: TABLE IV-1HISTORICAL LOADS--VALDEZ
Page 316 and 317: Load FactorsThe following chart lis
Page 318 and 319: CHAPTER VFUTURE POWER AND ENERGY AS
Page 320 and 321: Table V-IVALDEZ/GLENNALLEN AREA UTI
Page 322 and 323: Table V-2INSTALLED CAPACITY REQUIRE
Page 326 and 327: Biomass-FiredAlthough of many forms
Page 328 and 329: A Solomon Gulch article in the Dece
Page 330 and 331: Net EnergyThis section discusses th
Page 332 and 333: Table VII-2Valdez/Glennallen Foreca
Page 334 and 335: 40VALDEZ/GLENNALLENCAPACITY/RESOURC
Page 336 and 337: 150Figure VII-3140VALDEZ/GLENNALLEN
Page 338 and 339: 150·Figure VII-5140VALDEZ/GLENNALL
Page 340 and 341: TABLE VIII-IASummary Cost EstimateO
Page 342 and 343: TABLE VIII-2Summary Cost EstimatePr
Page 344 and 345: Table VIII-3AAverage Rate Determina
Page 346 and 347: Table VIII-4CVEA Diesel Generation
Page 348 and 349: Table VIII-5Average Rate Comparison
Page 350 and 351: Table VIII-6Average Rate Determinat
Page 352 and 353: Table VIII-8Average Rate Determinat
Page 354 and 355: Table VIII-IOAverage Rate Determina
Page 356 and 357: ----~------T'lble VIII-J 1Average R
Page 358 and 359: CHAPTER IXBIBLIOGRAPHY1. Power Cost
Page 360 and 361: : I,B'III Ii ::1: iii,APPENDIX JPUB
Page 362 and 363: Recipents of Valdez Draft Interim f
Page 364 and 365: u. s. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGEN
Page 366 and 367: 25. ~e str?ngly recOTmend that an a
Page 368 and 369: UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF CO!'!ME
Page 370 and 371: 3. have adequate flows for flushing
Page 372 and 373: Cnitc:d Srat6 [)c'~,artmcnt of the:
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AdvisoryCouncil OnHistoricPreservat
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Corps Of Engineers - 2 -11/4/80Than
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-2-'2. Most of the State 1 and enco
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-~-The SCH has no objection to this
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ALASKA POWER AUTHORITY333 WEST 4th
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Electrical Power for Valdez and the Copper River Basin-1981

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