Becoming America - An Exploration of American Literature from Precolonial to Post-Revolution, 2018a

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BECOMING AMERICA REVOLUTIONARY AND EARLY NATIONAL PERIOD LITERATURE 2. in duel. Death by hanging. Gibbeting, if the challenger. Forfeiture of one-half as before, unless it be the party challenged, then the forfeiture is to the commonwealth. 3. in any other way. Death by hanging. Forfeiture of one-half as before. 4. Manslaughter. The second oence is murder. II. Crimes whose punishment goes to LIMB. 1. Rape. Dismemberment. 2. Sodomy. 3. Maiming. Retaliation, and the forfeiture of half the lands and goods to 4. Disguring. the suerer. III. Crimes punishable by LABOUR. 1. Manslaughter, 1st oence. Labour VII. years for the public. Forfeiture of half as in murder. 2. Counterfeiting money. Labour VI. years. Forfeiture of lands and goods to the commonwealth. 3. Arson. Labour V. years. Reparation threefold. 4. Asportation of vessels. Labour V. years. Reparation threefold. 5. Robbery. Labour IV. years. Reparation double. 6. Burglary. Labour IV. years. Reparation double. 7. House-breaking. Labour III. years. Reparation. 8. Horse-stealing. Labour III. years. Reparation. 9. Grand larceny. Labour II. years. Reparation. Pillory. 10. Petty larceny. Labour I. year. Reparation. Pillory. 11. Pretensions to witchcraft, &c. Ducking. Stripes. 12. Excusable homicide. To be pitied, not punished. 13. Suicide. To be pitied, not punished. 14. Apostacy. Heresy. To be pitied, not punished. Page | 494
BECOMING AMERICA REVOLUTIONARY AND EARLY NATIONAL PERIOD LITERATURE Pardon and privilege of clergy are proposed to be abolished: but if the verdict be against the defendant, the court in their discretion, may allow a new trial. No attainder to cause a corruption of blood, or forfeiture of dower. Slaves guilty of oences punishable in others by labour, to be transported to Africa, or elsewhere, as the circumstance of the time admit, there to be continued in slavery. A rigorous regimen proposed for those condemned to labour. Another object of the revisal is, to diuse knowledge more generally through the mass of the people. This bill proposes to lay o every county into small districts of ve or six miles square, called hundreds, and in each of them to establish a school for teaching reading, writing, and arithmetic. The tutor to be supported by the hundred, and every person in it entitled to send their children three years gratis, and as much longer as they please, paying for it. These schools to be under a visitor, who is annually to chuse the boy, of best genius in the school, of those whose parents are too poor to give them further education, and to send him forward to one of the grammar schools, of which twenty are proposed to be erected in dierent parts of the country, for teaching Greek, Latin, geography, and the higher branches of numerical arithmetic. Of the boys thus sent in any one year, trial is to be made at the grammar schools one or two years, and the best genius of the whole selected, and continued six years, and the residue dismissed. By this means twenty of the best geniusses will be raked from the rubbish annually, and be instructed, at the public expence, so far as the grammar schools go. At the end of six years instruction, one half are to be discontinued (from among whom the grammar schools will probably be supplied with future masters); and the other half, who are to be chosen for the superiority of their parts and disposition, are to be sent and continued three years in the study of such sciences as they shall chuse, at William and Mary college, the plan of which is proposed to be enlarged, as will be hereafter explained, and extended to all the useful sciences. The ultimate result of the whole scheme of education would be the teaching all the children of the state reading, writing and common arithmetic: turning out ten annually of superior genius, well taught in Greek, Latin, geography, and the higher branches of arithmetic: turning out ten others annually, of still superior parts, who, to those branches of learning, shall have added such of the sciences as their genius shall have led them to: the furnishing to the wealthier part of the people convenient schools, at which their children may be educated at their own expence.—The general objects of this law are to provide an education adapted to the years, to the capacity, and the condition of every one, and directed to their freedom and happiness. Specic details were not proper for the law. These must be the business of the visitors entrusted with its execution. The rst stage of this education being the schools of the hundreds, wherein the great mass of the people will receive their instruction, the principal foundations of future order will be laid here. Instead therefore of putting the Bible and Testament into the hands of the children, at an age when their judgments are not suciently matured for religious inquiries, their memories may here be stored with the most useful facts from Grecian, Roman, Page | 495
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B E C O M I N G AMERICA An Explorat
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TABLE OF C ONTENTS PART ONE: PRE- A
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2.10.6 “Upon edlock, and Death of
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3.18 Cherokee Women 671 3.18.1 Cher
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4.17 Margaret Fuller 1046 4.17.1 Th
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1Pre- and Early Colonial Literature
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BECOMING AMERICA PRE- AND EARLY COL
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BECOMING AMERICA SEVENTEENTH CENTUR
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Becoming America - An Exploration of American Literature from Precolonial to Post-Revolution, 2018a

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