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In Figure 7 the included bednights are those for international visitors only. Under this condition, many neighbouring destinations are positioned next to each other, for example Denmark, Sweden, Norway, and somewhat to the west Iceland. The alpine destinations Austria and Switzerland are positioned next to each other, and so are Netherlands and Belgium, France and Italy, Germany and the Czech Republic, Ireland and the United Kingdom. There is a rim of Mediterranean destinations in the top left corner of Figure 7. Many Polish people work in the British Isles. In recent years additional air links have been established between these destinations. Figure 10 Position of European Destinations – international visitors only, all types of accommodation Source: Based on data from Eurostat supplemented by own elaborations. Note: Objects: 28. Proximities: 378 ((28*(28-1)/2). Normalized Raw Stress: 0.0232. N=288. Dispersion Accounted For: 0.9768. PROXSCAL has been applied. A second factor analysis was undertaken (see the right part of Table 2), based on international (non-domestic) bednights only. The results indicated that there are also three groups of destinations for international visitors. These are: 1. The English sphere, around the British Isles, and countries with English as first foreign language 2. The German language sphere, mostly with countries bordering Germany, or business partners 3. Other European destinations: Latin (French, Italian), Flemish, and Scandinavian.
Group one account for 37% of the variation in international (non-domestic) bednights in Europe, group two 28%, and group three 26%, i.e. 91% in total, cf. Table 2. - With half as many observations (N) in Figure 7, than in Figure 6, stress is a little higher in Figure 7 than in Figure 6. Table 12 Result of two factor analyses, one with all visitors, and one with non-residents only Conclusion Three multidimensional scaling (MDS) diagrams were presented. The first one included 32 dots, object points, representing 28 separate destinations, plus four additional object points indicating foreign vs. domestic guests, and summer versus winter season. Of Europe’s five largest destinations by number of bednight (Italy, Spain Germany, France and the United Kingdom) Spain is most oriented towards the international markets. Destinations such as Belgium, Denmark, Netherland and Poland are generally summer destinations, while others such as Switzerland and Austria have dual peak seasons. A second MDS diagram based on all bednights, i.e. both domestic and international visitors, showed (with the help of a first factor analysis) that three main groups of European destinations can be identified. The first group is the hot or internationally oriented destinations including most of the Mediterranean destinations plus some destinations mostly oriented towards the international markets. The second group are cooler destinations in middle or northern Europe. The third group of European destinations are those with large domestic markets, or mainly domestic markets. A third MDS diagram included only the bednights by international (non-domestic) visitors. With the help of a second factor analysis three groups of destinations for international visitors were identified. The first group with the United Kingdom and Spain as the largest destinations have English either as a first language or English as a first foreign language. The second group of destinations for international visitors included Germany and other German speaking destinations, and other destinations familiar with the German language. The third group
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Health, Wellness and Tourism: healt
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Acknowledgements TTRA Europe would
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Kai Illing, Professor, Joanneum, Au
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ELISABETH IXMEIER Elisabeth Ixmeier
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Health and Spa Tourism Business: To
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Literature Review Health and Spa To
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Yoon & Uysal (2005) stated that pus
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Push factors Internal motives - phy
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Respondents were the international
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Perceptions, learning and attitudes
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Table 2 Themes of Motivation Factor
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elaxation as this is generally the
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Oh, H. C., Uysal, M. and Weaver, P.
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According to Ajzen, “persuasive c
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Behavioural Control: Workload Lack
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A Case Study of Innovative Wellness
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RP Care is an innovative modular ex
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The introduction of its modular bus
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UNDERSTANDING THE IMPACT OF LEISURE
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development but, three years later,
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Hamer, D., & Connor, B. (2004).Trav
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URBAN ZEN - AND HOW TO EXPLORE THIS
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Health Tourism - The SPA Goers in P
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Whether we opt for more realistic s
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focused on the paradigm of wellness
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immediately followed by specific ho
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particular reference must be made o
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Tabbachi, M. (2008), “American an
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tourism is a lucrative activity for
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Functional value Functional value i
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“Before my operation, I did exten
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The table below recapitulates the m
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Herrick, D. M. (2007). Medical tour
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Cosmeceuticals in wellness tourism
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will replace chemical materials; ad
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Issues in Co-branding and Co-creati
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producers of the cosmecuticals to a
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Lee, C. L. & Decker, R. (2008). A s
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scheme, although this theoretically
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study identifying the motivation of
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highlighted by Folland et al (2001)
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ackgrounds is expected to accomplis
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Understanding mature traveller’s
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attention to the mature travellers
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Table 1 Travellers’ demographic p
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• To distinguish spring and spa t
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Budapest’s thermal spas on screen
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Budapest as film location The power
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Usually viewers attach an icon to t
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In the second part of the questionn
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Riley R. & Van Doren C. (1992) Movi
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health as “a state of complete ph
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how much exercise they get. Two-thi
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arts, comedy clubs and festivals) w
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The use of the internet in wellness
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The main characteristics of Portugu
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29 Termas de Unhais da Serra 30 Ter
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ongoing consumer and industry resea
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Name Table 2. Spa websites analysed
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more than a handful of links were o
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Health Spa and Wellness - Competiti
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The Czech Republic is rich in spas
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Foreign Exchange Receipts and Expen
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the total fertility exceeded the va
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1. Waters - the internal and extern
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• N - Postoperative and posttraum
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Foreign guests at accommodation fac
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Table 6 shows the number of guests
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M. Zuckerman defines wellness as pr
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Today´s health spa hotels are most
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without spa facilities and service
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Ten Spa Domains. Downloaded from: h
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customer is value, which at each gi
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experiences that renew the spirit.
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eigenvalue 3.668, function 2 explai
Page 151 and 152: The results of this study support t
Page 153 and 154: Smith M, & Puczko´ L (2009). Healt
Page 155 and 156: and Bushell (2009, 11) have defined
Page 157 and 158: listed reasons in more general leve
Page 159 and 160: One 54 (13.3) Yes 180 (44.3) 2-4 21
Page 161 and 162: Discussions and Conclusions The aim
Page 163 and 164: Kelly, C. & Smith, M. (2009). Holis
Page 165 and 166: While wellness tourism in Australia
Page 167 and 168: Cairns, which has been suffering fr
Page 169 and 170: significantly from there, so if the
Page 171 and 172: Other factors raised by participant
Page 173 and 174: Connell, J. (2006b). Medical touris
Page 175 and 176: The Impact of a Festive Event on Re
Page 177 and 178: The mission of the World Acadian Co
Page 179 and 180: Table 1 Positive social impacts of
Page 181 and 182: The Acadians’ quest for pride and
Page 183 and 184: Ap, J., & Crompton, J. (1998). Deve
Page 185 and 186: and other characteristics of the ho
Page 187 and 188: Figure 1). Many of the hotels take
Page 189 and 190: Target groups As shown in Figure 2,
Page 191 and 192: to have an influence on these corre
Page 193 and 194: Purification 11 Application of alte
Page 195 and 196: Mueller H. and Lanz-Kaufmann E. (20
Page 197 and 198: The term multidimensional scaling (
Page 199 and 200: Figure 3 shows the split of bednigh
Page 201: Note: Objects: 32. Proximities: 496
Page 205 and 206: Measurement of Tourism-oriented Asp
Page 207 and 208: Social indicator systems Social ind
Page 209 and 210: 1999/2000, Table 1. presents the me
Page 211 and 212: However, according to Table 1, it a
Page 213 and 214: Since the TSTAR database does not h
Page 215 and 216: the hundred happiest settlements re
Page 217 and 218: Managing Cost, Revenue and Yield in
Page 219 and 220: Method: A Case Study Approach The a
Page 221 and 222: methodologies, and educational trav
Page 223 and 224: and times the data was collected, F
Page 225 and 226: SALA RIES AN D W AGES 18.17% PROFES
Page 227 and 228: Table 11 Treatment and revenue rate
Page 229 and 230: Measurement of the Economic Impacts
Page 231 and 232: o The macro and micro environment r
Page 233 and 234: Employment impacts During our analy
Page 235 and 236: • The examined wellness hotels we
Page 237 and 238: Total number of available beds (acc
Page 239 and 240: • Our analysis showed that new jo
Page 241 and 242: City of Budapest is seen as a touri
Page 243 and 244: of the area will also grow by marke
Page 245 and 246: of the case studies will be present
Page 247 and 248: The water is radio-active and conta
Page 249 and 250: Conclusions In our changing environ
Page 251 and 252: no exception. Already, patients are
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Data regarding levels of training o
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Figure 2 - Graph showing price will
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Table 13 - Typical hospital costs f
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that people willing to pay slightly
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Continue follow-up care in the UK F
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HEALTH TOURISM IN IZMIR: POTENTIAL,
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• Service provided within the ins
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Table 2 - SWOT Analysis of Health T
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16. Increasing interest in alternat
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APPENDIX 1 Interview Questions 1. M
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point of view it means wholeness as
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Men Women International Playboy, Me
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elderly wanted to look like, to act
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Table 4. The number of experienced
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emains an open question when the sh
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Most important criteria when bookin
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The study investigates the performa
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The survey was distributed to 400 u
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Conclusions and Discussion In this
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A Comparative Analysis of Spa Touri
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year-long Ottoman occupation: the T
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although unintentionally, represent
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separated and I don't like being st
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Creighton, M. (1997): Consuming Rur
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Does tourism really contribute to o
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Africa (mainly Cape Verde, Angola a
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The theoretical significance of und
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Veenhoven (2005:61) “quality-of-l
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Brunt and Courtney (1999). Brunt, P
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Expectations of Health Tourists in
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40%). Only those guests were includ
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accommodation, meals and health off
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Exploring The Relationship Between
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proposed at 1975 by Cskiszentmihaly
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Table 1 Participant information ana
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Table 3 Well-being analysis result
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Csikszentmihalyi, M.,(1990), Flow:
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evident in Ancient Greece and Rome.
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Resort spas - Sometimes called ‘a
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analytic model has several methodol
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From this survey, we selected sever
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Gulliver in the land of giants? The
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emergency cases. As the commonly kn
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Figure 1. The main factors of quali
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Surgical medical touristic market T
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• Seamless services: The professi
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of price-advantage segment. Due to
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Appendix 1. The characteristics of
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Appendix 2. The characteristics of
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Introduction Arguments for the need
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The DOSTWELL Wellness Quality Seal
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The statistics obtained from the su
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Table 1 Sample of the Classificatio
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Goebel, G., Kapfensteiner, C., Wenz
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interest activity and health and we
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performance calls for a unity of wi
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Table 2 - Learning Commitment Analy
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higher the tourists satisfaction in
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supporting factors and resources, d
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Sustainable Wellness Tourism Destin
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In tourism marketing Savonlinna has
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The role and actions of Savonlinna
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Haaga-Helia (2010). DP in Experienc
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Hall, M. (2003) Spa and Health Tour
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excellent capabilities. Despite of
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Australian Wellness Tourism Provide
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thrills and excitement which someti
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The actual responses were compared
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therapies such as Feldenkrais, acup
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Table 2: Average Number of Employee
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As expected, Day Spas and Beauty Sp
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Snoj & Mumel, 2002). Furthermore, r
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Cooper, C. P., Fletcher, J., Noble,
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The Exploration of the Perceived Tr
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The key question in market segmenta
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significantly from each other. Ther
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Table 3 Cross-table of Background o
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4. Travel benefit perception reflec
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http://www.oxfordreference.com/view
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summary or as a commonly accepted b
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Third, these proxy prototypes were
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Table 2 Main travel purpose of the
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Table 4 Non-response shares for des
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Figure 1 Image positions of five As
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Figure 2 Image positions of five Eu
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piecemeal hypothesis and an undiffe
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Taasci, A.D.A. and Kozak, M. (2006)
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Among the economic factors determin
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The demographic profile of the dent
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The main part of the tourists’ ex
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Interview II was with the Chief Den
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anchor point of the dental tourism
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The country itself could profit muc
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