Health, Wellness and Tourism: healthy tourists, healthy business ...

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Cruise Tourism - Changing Products – Improving Wellness? Ian Henderson TTC International Belfast, UK henderson@ttcinternational.com Abstract “This presentation examines the rapidly changing cruise tourism industry across the world but notably in Europe where growth has exceeded all expectations. (NB It will not cover river cruising). Not only is the market receiving brand new cruise ships but it is seeing a much greater spread of products on board. One theme being promoted is that of life, health and wellness – which may seem to conflict with the image of constant eating and drinking on board such ships! The image presented and the products offered may not appear to be consistent in ensuring a total ‘wellness’ regime. Additionally the rapid growth in cruise tourism and the need to fill ever larger ships may drive new customers on board whose desired ‘experience’ may not always be compatible with that of their fellow cruisers. Mixing market segments creates tensions between groups of passengers where those who are lured by price may have a totally different lifestyle and set of ambitions and values to those who are focusing on a more ethereal experience. The presentation will consider the proposition that ‘wellness’ takes on many meanings to cruise passengers and that visiting the spa and gymnasium may not be an essential part of the experience”. Thankfully my own cruise experience 5 cruises on 3 different cruise lines has not faced that problem because we fly to USA and avoid Southampton (where I did the highly successful cruise tourism strategy in 2004/5). We prefer Celebrity which is said to be four star and promotes wellness and ‘life enrichment’ and does to some extent. Good gyms and exorbitantly prices spas – plus new products that suggest healthier eating and living on board. Cruise Tourism Work undertaken: Port of Southampton Cruise Tourism Strategy Scottish Cruise Tourism Review Economic Impact of Cruise Tourism Dover Antigua Tourism Masterplan St Maarten Tourism Masterplan Limassol Cruise Terminal Feasibility Mombassa Cruise tourism Feasibility Dublin Cruise Tourism Feasibility
Cosmeceuticals in wellness tourism – Cases of co-branding and co-creation Anne-Mette Hjalager Associate professor, University of Southern Denmark, Centre for Tourism, Innovation and Culture Niels Bohrsvej 9, DK 6700 Esbjerg Hjalager@advance1.dk Henna Konu Researcher, University of Eastern Finland. Centre for Tourism Studies Puistokatu 5,, FI-57101 Savonlinna Henna.konu@uef.fi Abstract “Cosmeceuticals” is a combination of the terms “cosmetics” and “pharmaceuticals”. Cosmeceuticals are supplied to the wellness facilities, and they materialize for the tourists during treatments. Tourism research has not to any significant degree addressed the role of cosmeceuticals in the wellness industry. The paper provides examples of strategic alliances from the Nordic countries of co-branding. Additionally, the producers/distributors of cosmeceuticals may become crucial partners in the creation of the experience offered in the wellness facilities. With examples from the Nordic countries, it is demonstrated that alliances can lead to innovation and development in cosmeceutical enterprises, and that the collaboration can also assist the wellness industry in its attempts to obtain inimitability. Based on innovation literature, the paper discusses models for co-creation and factors that facilitate or hamper collaborative processes. Co-creation and cobranding constitute strategic alleys for the wellness industry. The Nordic evidence suggests that the opportunities are not fully exploited. Keywords: Spa and wellness tourism; cosmeceuticals; innovation; co-branding; co-creation; the Nordic countries. Introduction “Cosmetics” and “pharmaceuticals” together form the term cosmeceuticals, which embrace anti-aging creams, moisturizers, bathing salts, lip balms and many other products. When extending the use of cosmeceuticals and applying the rhetoric of health improvements, the spa and wellness industry is increasingly marching into domains formerly exclusively occupied by “serious” medical professionals. Similar movements and invasions can be observed in for example electronics where GPS-technologies have moved from restricted military use to become an instrument for play and enjoyment, and in the clothing sector waterproof clothes previously used mainly for military purposes or as working clothes have also disseminated into outdoor activities for recreation and tourism (Logue 2005, Smedstad 1995). Wellness tourism integrates body, mind and spirit. A satisfactory tourism experience depends on the intentions, mood and adaptability of the tourist, but also on the competencies and professionalism of the wellness staff to interpret and meet the needs of the visitor. Relations between human beings are found to be crucial in wellness tourism (Kelly & Smith 2009). However, wellness experiences are not only a matter of intangible procedures and services. The delivery process is assisted by a large number of auxiliary remedies. Thus,
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Health, Wellness and Tourism: healt
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Acknowledgements TTRA Europe would
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Kai Illing, Professor, Joanneum, Au
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ELISABETH IXMEIER Elisabeth Ixmeier
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Health and Spa Tourism Business: To
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Literature Review Health and Spa To
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Yoon & Uysal (2005) stated that pus
Page 15 and 16: Push factors Internal motives - phy
Page 17 and 18: Respondents were the international
Page 19 and 20: Perceptions, learning and attitudes
Page 21 and 22: Table 2 Themes of Motivation Factor
Page 23 and 24: elaxation as this is generally the
Page 25 and 26: Oh, H. C., Uysal, M. and Weaver, P.
Page 27 and 28: According to Ajzen, “persuasive c
Page 29 and 30: Behavioural Control: Workload Lack
Page 31 and 32: A Case Study of Innovative Wellness
Page 33 and 34: RP Care is an innovative modular ex
Page 35 and 36: The introduction of its modular bus
Page 37 and 38: UNDERSTANDING THE IMPACT OF LEISURE
Page 39 and 40: development but, three years later,
Page 41 and 42: Hamer, D., & Connor, B. (2004).Trav
Page 43 and 44: URBAN ZEN - AND HOW TO EXPLORE THIS
Page 45 and 46: Health Tourism - The SPA Goers in P
Page 47 and 48: Whether we opt for more realistic s
Page 49 and 50: focused on the paradigm of wellness
Page 51 and 52: immediately followed by specific ho
Page 53 and 54: particular reference must be made o
Page 55 and 56: Tabbachi, M. (2008), “American an
Page 57 and 58: tourism is a lucrative activity for
Page 59 and 60: Functional value Functional value i
Page 61 and 62: “Before my operation, I did exten
Page 63 and 64: The table below recapitulates the m
Page 65: Herrick, D. M. (2007). Medical tour
Page 69 and 70: will replace chemical materials; ad
Page 71 and 72: Issues in Co-branding and Co-creati
Page 73 and 74: producers of the cosmecuticals to a
Page 75 and 76: Lee, C. L. & Decker, R. (2008). A s
Page 77 and 78: scheme, although this theoretically
Page 79 and 80: study identifying the motivation of
Page 81 and 82: highlighted by Folland et al (2001)
Page 83 and 84: ackgrounds is expected to accomplis
Page 85 and 86: Understanding mature traveller’s
Page 87 and 88: attention to the mature travellers
Page 89 and 90: Table 1 Travellers’ demographic p
Page 91 and 92: • To distinguish spring and spa t
Page 93 and 94: Budapest’s thermal spas on screen
Page 95 and 96: Budapest as film location The power
Page 97 and 98: Usually viewers attach an icon to t
Page 99 and 100: In the second part of the questionn
Page 101 and 102: Riley R. & Van Doren C. (1992) Movi
Page 103 and 104: health as “a state of complete ph
Page 105 and 106: how much exercise they get. Two-thi
Page 107 and 108: arts, comedy clubs and festivals) w
Page 109 and 110: The use of the internet in wellness
Page 111 and 112: The main characteristics of Portugu
Page 113 and 114: 29 Termas de Unhais da Serra 30 Ter
Page 115 and 116: ongoing consumer and industry resea
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Name Table 2. Spa websites analysed
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more than a handful of links were o
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Health Spa and Wellness - Competiti
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The Czech Republic is rich in spas
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Foreign Exchange Receipts and Expen
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the total fertility exceeded the va
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1. Waters - the internal and extern
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• N - Postoperative and posttraum
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Foreign guests at accommodation fac
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Table 6 shows the number of guests
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M. Zuckerman defines wellness as pr
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Today´s health spa hotels are most
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without spa facilities and service
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Ten Spa Domains. Downloaded from: h
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customer is value, which at each gi
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experiences that renew the spirit.
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eigenvalue 3.668, function 2 explai
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The results of this study support t
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Smith M, & Puczko´ L (2009). Healt
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and Bushell (2009, 11) have defined
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listed reasons in more general leve
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One 54 (13.3) Yes 180 (44.3) 2-4 21
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Discussions and Conclusions The aim
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Kelly, C. & Smith, M. (2009). Holis
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While wellness tourism in Australia
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Cairns, which has been suffering fr
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significantly from there, so if the
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Other factors raised by participant
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Connell, J. (2006b). Medical touris
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The Impact of a Festive Event on Re
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The mission of the World Acadian Co
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Table 1 Positive social impacts of
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The Acadians’ quest for pride and
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Ap, J., & Crompton, J. (1998). Deve
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and other characteristics of the ho
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Figure 1). Many of the hotels take
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Target groups As shown in Figure 2,
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to have an influence on these corre
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Purification 11 Application of alte
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Mueller H. and Lanz-Kaufmann E. (20
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The term multidimensional scaling (
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Figure 3 shows the split of bednigh
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Note: Objects: 32. Proximities: 496
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Group one account for 37% of the va
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Measurement of Tourism-oriented Asp
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Social indicator systems Social ind
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1999/2000, Table 1. presents the me
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However, according to Table 1, it a
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Since the TSTAR database does not h
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the hundred happiest settlements re
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Managing Cost, Revenue and Yield in
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Method: A Case Study Approach The a
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methodologies, and educational trav
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and times the data was collected, F
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SALA RIES AN D W AGES 18.17% PROFES
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Table 11 Treatment and revenue rate
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Measurement of the Economic Impacts
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o The macro and micro environment r
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Employment impacts During our analy
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• The examined wellness hotels we
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Total number of available beds (acc
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• Our analysis showed that new jo
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City of Budapest is seen as a touri
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of the area will also grow by marke
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of the case studies will be present
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The water is radio-active and conta
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Conclusions In our changing environ
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no exception. Already, patients are
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Data regarding levels of training o
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Figure 2 - Graph showing price will
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Table 13 - Typical hospital costs f
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that people willing to pay slightly
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Continue follow-up care in the UK F
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HEALTH TOURISM IN IZMIR: POTENTIAL,
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• Service provided within the ins
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Table 2 - SWOT Analysis of Health T
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16. Increasing interest in alternat
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APPENDIX 1 Interview Questions 1. M
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point of view it means wholeness as
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Men Women International Playboy, Me
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elderly wanted to look like, to act
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Table 4. The number of experienced
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emains an open question when the sh
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Most important criteria when bookin
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The study investigates the performa
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The survey was distributed to 400 u
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Conclusions and Discussion In this
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A Comparative Analysis of Spa Touri
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year-long Ottoman occupation: the T
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although unintentionally, represent
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separated and I don't like being st
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Creighton, M. (1997): Consuming Rur
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Does tourism really contribute to o
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Africa (mainly Cape Verde, Angola a
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The theoretical significance of und
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Veenhoven (2005:61) “quality-of-l
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Brunt and Courtney (1999). Brunt, P
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Expectations of Health Tourists in
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40%). Only those guests were includ
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accommodation, meals and health off
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Exploring The Relationship Between
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proposed at 1975 by Cskiszentmihaly
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Table 1 Participant information ana
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Table 3 Well-being analysis result
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Csikszentmihalyi, M.,(1990), Flow:
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evident in Ancient Greece and Rome.
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Resort spas - Sometimes called ‘a
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analytic model has several methodol
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From this survey, we selected sever
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Gulliver in the land of giants? The
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emergency cases. As the commonly kn
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Figure 1. The main factors of quali
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Surgical medical touristic market T
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• Seamless services: The professi
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of price-advantage segment. Due to
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Appendix 1. The characteristics of
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Appendix 2. The characteristics of
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Introduction Arguments for the need
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The DOSTWELL Wellness Quality Seal
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The statistics obtained from the su
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Table 1 Sample of the Classificatio
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Goebel, G., Kapfensteiner, C., Wenz
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interest activity and health and we
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performance calls for a unity of wi
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Table 2 - Learning Commitment Analy
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higher the tourists satisfaction in
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supporting factors and resources, d
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Sustainable Wellness Tourism Destin
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In tourism marketing Savonlinna has
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The role and actions of Savonlinna
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Haaga-Helia (2010). DP in Experienc
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Hall, M. (2003) Spa and Health Tour
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excellent capabilities. Despite of
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Australian Wellness Tourism Provide
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thrills and excitement which someti
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The actual responses were compared
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therapies such as Feldenkrais, acup
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Table 2: Average Number of Employee
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As expected, Day Spas and Beauty Sp
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Snoj & Mumel, 2002). Furthermore, r
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Cooper, C. P., Fletcher, J., Noble,
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The Exploration of the Perceived Tr
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The key question in market segmenta
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significantly from each other. Ther
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Table 3 Cross-table of Background o
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4. Travel benefit perception reflec
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http://www.oxfordreference.com/view
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summary or as a commonly accepted b
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Third, these proxy prototypes were
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Table 2 Main travel purpose of the
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Table 4 Non-response shares for des
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Figure 1 Image positions of five As
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Figure 2 Image positions of five Eu
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piecemeal hypothesis and an undiffe
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Taasci, A.D.A. and Kozak, M. (2006)
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Among the economic factors determin
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The demographic profile of the dent
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The main part of the tourists’ ex
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Interview II was with the Chief Den
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anchor point of the dental tourism
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The country itself could profit muc
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