Upendo ni Utimilifu wa Sheria Insha juu ya Maadili - Martin Bucer ...
Upendo ni Utimilifu wa Sheria Insha juu ya Maadili - Martin Bucer ...
Upendo ni Utimilifu wa Sheria Insha juu ya Maadili - Martin Bucer ...
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Din <strong>ni</strong> Ni<strong>ni</strong>? 67<br />
kisa<strong>ya</strong>nsi <strong>ya</strong>mempata m<strong>wa</strong>nadamu! K<strong>wa</strong> mfano, fikiri <strong>juu</strong> <strong>ya</strong> mao<strong>ni</strong> <strong>ya</strong>siyo <strong>ya</strong><br />
kibiblia ku<strong>wa</strong> <strong>wa</strong>tu weupe (<strong>wa</strong>zungu) tu, au k<strong>wa</strong>mba <strong>wa</strong>naume tu ndio<br />
binadamu. Au fikiri nadharia <strong>ya</strong> mabadiliko ambayo inahusika, sio <strong>wa</strong>zi <strong>wa</strong>zi,<br />
k<strong>wa</strong> mamilio<strong>ni</strong> <strong>ya</strong> <strong>wa</strong>hanga* <strong>wa</strong> Ujamaa <strong>wa</strong> Kitaifa au Ukomu<strong>ni</strong>sti, ambavyo<br />
vyote viliota <strong>juu</strong> <strong>ya</strong> maendeleo makuu <strong>ya</strong> m<strong>wa</strong>nadamu.<br />
Paulo anachukua hatua nyingine. Mpaka kufikia hatua hii, ameshadai ku<strong>wa</strong> kila<br />
mtu aweza kumtambua Mwumbaji <strong>wa</strong> milele nyuma <strong>ya</strong> Uumbaji, hivyo basi<br />
hakuna mtu aliye na udhuru k<strong>wa</strong> kumkataa Mungu. Hili analiami<strong>ni</strong> ku<strong>wa</strong> ndio<br />
asili <strong>ya</strong> di<strong>ni</strong> na <strong>ya</strong> mifumo <strong>ya</strong>o <strong>ya</strong> kimaadili. Sasa anaendelea, “…ambao <strong>wa</strong>kijua<br />
sana hukumu <strong>ya</strong> haki <strong>ya</strong> Mungu, <strong>ya</strong> k<strong>wa</strong>mba <strong>wa</strong><strong>ya</strong>tendao hayo <strong>wa</strong>mestahili<br />
mauti, <strong>wa</strong>natenda hayo, <strong>wa</strong>la si hivyo tu, bali <strong>wa</strong>nakubaliana nao <strong>wa</strong><strong>ya</strong>tendao”<br />
(Rum. 1:32). Sasa inaku<strong>wa</strong> <strong>wa</strong>zi k<strong>wa</strong> <strong>ni</strong><strong>ni</strong> M<strong>wa</strong>nadamu anahitaji kuokole<strong>wa</strong>.<br />
K<strong>wa</strong> upande mmoja, kule kuach<strong>wa</strong> abaki mwenyewe, kamwe hawezi ku<strong>wa</strong> na<br />
uwezo <strong>wa</strong> kujiongoza au kujilinda yeye mwenyewe kutoka kwenye uharibifu.<br />
K<strong>wa</strong> upande mwingine, yuko chi<strong>ni</strong> <strong>ya</strong> adhabu <strong>ya</strong> kifo.<br />
Ni sababu zipi azitoazo Paulo k<strong>wa</strong> tamko lake ku<strong>wa</strong>, M<strong>wa</strong>nadamu hata kama<br />
atafan<strong>ya</strong> mfumo <strong>wa</strong> kimaadili <strong>wa</strong> di<strong>ni</strong> mbadala, bado anajua matarajio <strong>ya</strong> Mungu<br />
<strong>ya</strong> haki? Sura <strong>ya</strong> pili <strong>ya</strong> Warumi imewek<strong>wa</strong> <strong>wa</strong>kfu k<strong>wa</strong> s<strong>wa</strong>li hili. Tutaelekeza<br />
nafsi zetu kwenye hoja moja.<br />
Paulo anasema, “K<strong>wa</strong> hiyo, wewe mtu u<strong>wa</strong>ye yote uhukumuye, huna udhuru,<br />
k<strong>wa</strong> maana katika hayo umhukumuyo mwingine <strong>wa</strong>jihukumu mwenyewe ku<strong>wa</strong><br />
na hatia; k<strong>wa</strong> maana wewe uhukumuye unafan<strong>ya</strong> <strong>ya</strong>le<strong>ya</strong>le” (Rum. 2:1).<br />
M<strong>wa</strong>nadamu anajua ku<strong>wa</strong> kila mmoja atatoa majibu k<strong>wa</strong> ajili <strong>ya</strong> matendo <strong>ya</strong>ke.<br />
Hakuna hata mmoja, hata asiyeami<strong>ni</strong> Mungu aweza kuishi bila ku<strong>wa</strong>laumu<br />
wengine. Tu viumbe <strong>wa</strong> kimaadili na tunathibitisha hili kila siku katika mao<strong>ni</strong><br />
yetu <strong>ya</strong>siyo mema <strong>juu</strong> <strong>ya</strong> majira<strong>ni</strong> zetu, kama ilivyo katika sheria za nchi yetu na<br />
mahakama. Hata dikteta mwovu kabisa ana mfumo <strong>wa</strong> kisheria, bila kutaja<br />
sheria katili zisizoandik<strong>wa</strong> za makundi <strong>ya</strong>siyotaka sheria ambayo <strong>ya</strong>nataka<br />
kufuta mamlaka yote <strong>ya</strong> kiserikali k<strong>wa</strong> pamoja. Na<strong>ni</strong> asiyejua kile ambacho<br />
<strong>wa</strong>nasiasa <strong>wa</strong>naweza au <strong>wa</strong>siweze kufan<strong>ya</strong>? Na<strong>ni</strong> asiyeendelea kujisikia<br />
kutende<strong>wa</strong> isivyo haki? Paulo analiona hili kama uthibitisho ku<strong>wa</strong> M<strong>wa</strong>nadamu<br />
anajua ku<strong>wa</strong> yeye si mn<strong>ya</strong>ma, bali ana<strong>wa</strong>jibika k<strong>wa</strong> mamlaka kuu. Laki<strong>ni</strong> <strong>ni</strong> na<strong>ni</strong><br />
aliye mamlaka hii kuu? Baadaye Paulo anataja dhamiri, “… dhamiri <strong>ya</strong>o<br />
iki<strong>wa</strong>shuhudia, na ma<strong>wa</strong>zo <strong>ya</strong>o, yenyewe k<strong>wa</strong> yenyewe, <strong>ya</strong>ki<strong>wa</strong>shtaki au<br />
ku<strong>wa</strong>tetea” (Rum. 2:15). Neno ‘con’ katika ‘conscience’ (dhamiri) humaa<strong>ni</strong>sha<br />
‘with’ – <strong>ya</strong>a<strong>ni</strong> ‘enye’ au ‘na’. Dhamiri <strong>ni</strong> mamlaka katika kituo cha maamuzi<br />
(moyo), ambayo hunakili ma<strong>wa</strong>zo na matendo yetu na ku<strong>ya</strong>jaribu k<strong>wa</strong> kulingana<br />
na vigezo fula<strong>ni</strong>. K<strong>wa</strong> mujibu <strong>wa</strong> Paulo, vigezo hivi v<strong>ya</strong>weza kubadilika, laki<strong>ni</strong><br />
utendaji kazi <strong>wa</strong> dhamiri hubaki bila kuteng<strong>wa</strong> na ma<strong>wa</strong>zo yetu. K<strong>wa</strong> mujibu <strong>wa</strong><br />
Paulo, jinsi mtu a<strong>wa</strong>zavyo <strong>ni</strong> uthibitisho ku<strong>wa</strong> M<strong>wa</strong>nadamu <strong>ni</strong> kiumbe mwenye<br />
maadili ambaye daima hujijibu, k<strong>wa</strong> ku<strong>wa</strong> kile kitu tukiitacho ‘ma<strong>wa</strong>zo’