Texts from the Buddhist canon : commonly known as Dhammapada

INTRODUCTION. 23
instance, about 220 a.d, should not be the very ones
attributed to Dharmatrata at least 70 B.C. I am sorry
that I have not been able to trace any agreement
between these stories and those given by Buddhaghosha.
Mr. FausboU's notes are mostly mere transcriptions in
Pali, but yet enough may be gathered from these, even by
one who is not a P§,li scholar, to make it clear that the
stories to which he refers are not the same as those I
have translated ; the solution of this difficulty will have
to be sought in the hint before alluded to, viz., that the
parables were invented to suit the text of Dhammapada
rather than vice, versd (Max Miiller's Dh. cvi. n.). I shall
leave any further observations on the Gath&s which accompany
the stories, for the notes that will be found in the
book itself.
The third version of Dhammapada known in China is
entitled " Chuh-yau-king," which may signify the Sutra
of " the Dawn," or " birth of Light." ^ This work is very
much expanded, consisting^ in fact, of seven volumes,
comprising twenty hiouen or books. It is still referred to
Arya Dharmatrata as its author ; its translator was Chu-
fo-nien (or, Fo-nien (Buddhasmriti ?) the Indian {Chv)
who lived during the Yaou-Tsin period, about 410 A.D.
In the preface to this version we are told that Dharmatr§,ta
was uncle of Vasumitra, and that he was the original compiler
of tjhe stanzas and stories known as Fa-kheu-King
(Dhammapada). It informs us, moreover, that the old
term "pi-u," i.e., AvadS,nas, was the same as " the
Dawn," and that these Avadanas composed the sixth of
the twelve sections (aiigas) that made up the whole
1 In the Encyclopedia known as verses, I observe, are repeated in
Chi-yuen-f5rpao-kha'n-tung-tsung-liu each alternate section, as in a "re-
Catalogue, Case xci.), this work is frain." The Colophon explains that
also c^ed " Chuh-yau-lun,'' Kiotien this work belongs to the class known
9, fol. 't'. This book Reserves atten- as "In-tou-cho-tsah," i.e., "Indian
tion. It would well repay translation, Miscellanies,'' perhaps the Khuddakaif
the study of Chinese Buddhist nikdya of the South,
books ever commands notice. The