THERE IS DEATH IN THE POT - The University of Texas at Arlington

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Welter, Barbara. “The Cult of True Womanhood: 1820-1860.” American Quarterly 18 (1966): 151-174. Whelan, Timothy. “William Fox, Martha Gurney, and Radical Discourse of the 1790s.” Eighteenth-Century Studies 42, no. 3 (2009): 397-411. White, Andrew Pierce. “‘Keeping Clear from the Gain of Oppression’: ‘Public Friends’ and the De-Mastering of Quaker Race Relations in Late Colonial America.” Ph.D. diss., Washington State University, 2003. Wilbur, Henry W. The Life and Labors of Elias Hicks. Philadelphia: Friends’ General Conference Advancement Committee, 1910. Wilkinson, E. C. “‘Touch Not, Taste Not, Handle Not’: The Abolitionist Debate over the Free Produce Movement.” Columbia Historical Review (2002): 2-14. Wilkinson, Norman B. “The Philadelphia Free Produce Attack Upon Slavery.” Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 64 (1942): 294-313. Williams, Carolyn. “Feminist Abolitionists in Boston and Philadelphia: Liberal Religion and the Reform Impulse in Antebellum America.” In The Meaning of Slavery in the North, edited by David and Martin H. Blatt Roediger, 95-123. New York and London: Garland Publishing, Inc., 1998. ________. “Religion, Race, and Gender in Antebellum American Radicalism: The Philadelphia Female Anti-Slavery Society, 1833-1870.” Ph.D. dissertation, University of California, Los Angeles, 1991. Williams, Eric. Capitalism and Slavery. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1944, 1994. Winch, Julie. Philadelphia’s Black Elite: Activism, Accommodation, and the Struggle for Autonomy, 1787-1848, Edited by Anonymous. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1988. Wirls, Daniel. “‘The Only Mode of Avoiding Everlasting Debate’: The Overlooked Senate Gag Rule for Antislavery Petitions.” Journal of the Early Republic 27 (2007): 115-138. Woloson, Wendy A. Refined Tastes: Sugar, Confectionery, and Consumers in Nineteenth-Century America. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 2002. Wood, Marcus. Blind Memory: Visual Representations of Slavery in England and America, 1780-1865. Manchester, U.K.: Manchester University Press, 2000. ________. “Packaging Liberty and Marketing the Gift of Freedom: 1807 and the Legacy of Clarkson’s Chest.” In The British Slave Trade: Abolition, Parliament and People, edited by Stephanie Farrell, Melanie Unwin, and James Walvin, 203-223. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press for the Parliamentary History Yearbook Trust, 2007. 258
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“THERE IS DEATH IN THE POT”: WO
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To Stan
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support, collegiality, and humor. T
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summer seminar, Passages to Freedom
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Supervising Professor: Sam W. Hayne
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TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
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LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS Figure Page 1
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PREFACE The grocer takes your 6d. [
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Garrison’s rejection of free prod
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an anti-slavery tactic, one which,
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the chronology of women’s activis
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to “prize goods.” Removing men,
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and even the flesh of the slaves wh
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women possessed these characteristi
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to their constitution recommending
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Produce Association. Mott, Pugh, an
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colony in Africa. 46 Scorned even b
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that are the focus of Salerno’s s
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Unlike earlier histories of abstent
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the context of the Anglo-American a
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PART I THE BRITISH ABSTENTION MOVEM
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meats which are presented to each p
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debate about the nature of commerce
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Fox’s fiery pamphlet, Britons abs
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William Fox, Martha Gurney, and Sug
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The partnership of Gurney and Fox t
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itself more with the abstention mov
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Fox’s argument for abstention res
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praised the effects of tea and impl
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Careful, believed a well-equipped t
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the “spreading leprosy taints ev
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ousing readers to feel sympathy but
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enevolence is reflected in two poli
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careful weighing of the sugar and M
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stories of husbands and fathers ret
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Address allegedly authored by a wom
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sensibility. He declared, “Your c
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interested than she admitted. 76 Wh
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“[Are] we justified in transporti
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Contaminated by blood, sugar failed
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their own hearings about the trade.
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evive the slave trade debate again
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a poor dead Negro’s finger or toe
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that female consumers had themselve
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movement; yet both simultaneously s
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the pages of The Humming Bird, in 1
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Britain’s working class as well a
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Thomas Clarkson once again toured G
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It was the trial of missionary John
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planter, Member of Parliament, and
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continued abolitionist agitation. T
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was linked directly to slave rebell
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The Female Society for Birmingham f
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enevolent associations in this peri
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Discarded Negroes in the Island of
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focused on emancipation, claiming t
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Slavery Associations also listed tr
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donations and subscriptions in 1829
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emphasized the dangers of consumpti
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British consumers, Cropper argued,
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“Speculations on the comparative
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activism. Between 1815 and 1819, wa
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should begin at home. 93 Reviewing
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working class and the enslaved Afri
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The second abstention campaign enga
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PART II THE AMERICAN FREE-PRODUCE M
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1830 and in the Liberator in 1831.
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As editor of the “Ladies’ Repos
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Quakers and the Free Produce Moveme
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development. 15 In 1789, Drinker pu
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slaveholders. In addition to elimin
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that uncritical acceptance of the s
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impossible to distinguish between f
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power in Philadelphia. Both were di
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From the beginning, the “Ladies
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Department” harbored radical pote
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Repository” to promote women’s
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about slavery. 55 As one the earlie
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A sweet rich juice, which White men
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the poem can only make the briefest
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Again” and “The Sugar-Plums”
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inches high in standard alphabetic
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C. Gunn to address the group on the
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and women’s activism in abolition
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interference of women.” Chandler
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made eight years later calling for
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CHAPTER 4 “OH FAINT YOU NOT, YE G
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of the transatlantic abolitionist a
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Orthodox and Hicksite Quakers both
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address proposed that Hicksite Frie
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after the schism, Orthodox Quakers
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Ohio and Pennsylvania petitions. Th
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Philadelphia Yearly Meeting (Orthod
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Quakers’ reluctance to take colle
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statements against slavery, but cau
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Hicksite men of Green Street mocked
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For the first time, Quaker women jo
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earn a sufficient income. By 1840,
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to their board. New York women were
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At the 1838 convention, women passe
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widely available. In the meantime,
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forms of female activism that reinf
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anti-slavery societies, Massachuset
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Gunn to participate in the conventi
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White and other owners of free-labo
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cotton, which was subsequently manu
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interests at the international meet
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with the publication of a circular
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Elizabeth Pease played a key role i
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wrote Pease that the BIS had “cla
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was the most effective tactic: “Y
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PART III THE TRANSATLANTIC FREE-PRO
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North. In 1837, the delegates of th
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evident in the way British and Amer
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invigorated by the victories of 183
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on American abolitionists to send
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admission of the female delegates,
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presented earlier in the week. 17 T
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American abolitionists’ antipathy
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American Free Produce in the 1840s
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presented a resolution to dissolve
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In the 1830s Quaker abolitionists j
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challenged Friends to examine their
Page 247 and 248: for the slave; rather, Derkin asked
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Page 251 and 252: esolution that was tabled by member
Page 253 and 254: CHAPTER 6 CONCLUSION [T]o urge [fre
Page 255 and 256: Wrongs and Their Remedy. There is D
Page 257 and 258: League of Universal Brotherhood. In
Page 259 and 260: statement, yet, because women’s p
Page 261 and 262: Association was integrated by gende
Page 263 and 264: . . . so I decided many years ago n
Page 265 and 266: BIBLIOGRAPHY Manuscripts American A
Page 267 and 268: Freedom’s Journal The Friend The
Page 269 and 270: Anti-Slavery Society. London: Eller
Page 271 and 272: ________. The History of the Rise,
Page 273 and 274: the Counsel on Each Side, and the F
Page 275 and 276: Hicks, Elias. Observations on the S
Page 277 and 278: Narrative of the Proceedings of the
Page 279 and 280: Taylor, Clare. British and American
Page 281 and 282: Barker-Benfield, G. J. The Culture
Page 283 and 284: Clark, Elizabeth B. “‘The Sacre
Page 285 and 286: Dillon, Merton L. Benjamin Lundy an
Page 287 and 288: Gratzer, Walter. Terrors of the Tab
Page 289 and 290: Ingle, H. Larry. “‘A Ball That
Page 291 and 292: Margolin, Sam. “‘And Freedom to
Page 293 and 294: Nelson, Elizabeth White. Market Sen
Page 295 and 296: Westbrook, and R. D. de Prospo, 73-
Page 297: ________. The Devotion of These Wom
Page 301: Dr. Holcomb is also a member of the
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