The dissemination of divination in roman republican times

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Note: Although Pliny states that he has it from books on the Etruscan discipline, the format with date, by the two consuls, and place fits the Roman prodigies. It may have come to Pliny in a collection of responses by the haruspices as we also know from Cic.Har. This fits well with the political commentaries in the interpretation of the prodigy. It is probably from the work by C. Epidius mentioned in Plin.Nat.17.243, or a work on Etruscan divination by Umbricius Melior mentioned in Plin.Nat.10.19. Plin.Nat.8.221, Cic.Div.1.99 Mice had gnawed the shields of Mars Lanuvium 90 Obs.55 Dream of Caecilia Metella about Juno Sospita Head was missing from consul’s sacrifice Note: Rasmussen counts here four prodigies (Rasmussen 2003: 104). I have taken the first as one prodigy and excluded the other because of reasons stated above under the year 154. Plin. Nat.2.238 It looked as if the sea was on fire Note: It resembles the prodigy mentioned in the year 126, also noted by Pliny (Plin. Nat.2.203). The date stems from the mention that it occurred the year of the start of the social war. MacBain also dates the omen from Plin. Nat.2.98 to this year (MacBain 1982: 101). It is, however, unclear what prompted this dating. 88 Obs.56 Poppedius Silo held triumph in captured city Omens to Mithridates Note: Rasmussen counts these (Rasmussen 2003:105). They are however clearly omens and are therefore not included here (see under the year 166) 87 Obs.56a, Plin. Nat.2.92 Sky fell down in the camp of Pompeius Roma Pompeius (the consul of the prior year) killed Roma Note: The last one is not taken as a prodigy. MacBain thinks that there are some prodigies in Livy.Per.79 (MacBain 1982: 101). I have, however, not been able to identify such in that passage. Neither has Rasmussen (Rasmussen 2003: 105). Cic.N.D.2.14. 268
Fire in the sky Note: While this prodigy is included by MacBain (MacBain 1982:101), it is, for unknown reasons, left out in Rasmussen (Rasmussen 2003: 105). 86 Obs.56b One of Sulla’s soldiers was struck by lightning Statue of Minerva was left unharmed in the ruins in Piræus Note: Rasmussen counts these as prodigies (Rasmussen 2003: 105). They are however clearly omen stories. 84 App.B.Civ.1.83 Note: MacBain here finds a prodigy (MacBain 1982: 101). It does however appear more likely that it is another sort of oblative sign regarding the action currently undertaken. 83 Obs.57, Plin.Nat.7.34 Sound of battle. Closer inspection revealed footprints Matron gave birth to snake Clusium The Capitol burned down Roma Note: Rasmussen counts these as five prodigies (Rasmussen 2003: 106). 77 Obs.58 D. Laelius wife finds two snakes in her bed D. Laelius saw a falcon above his head Note: these are omenstories and therefore not included. 76 Obs.59 Earthquake results in collapse of sacred buildings. Reate Stone from the forum exploded Reate Bridges collapsed Banks of river fell into the river Noise from below Stone rolled to the edge of a cliff Note: Except the noise from below all are consequences of the earthquake and counted as one. 269
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The Dissemination of Divination in
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Chapter 8 - Sources to Roman Divina
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List of Figures Figure 3.1. Types o
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Acknowledgements Certain parts of t
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people. It is almost unanimously ag
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that precludes the investigation fr
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asic cognitive functions could acco
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Lienard & Feeney 2006), prayer (Bar
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“the making clear of something”
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In chapter 5 it is argued that obla
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Chapter 1 - History of divination a
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with *-eu appears in two forms. One
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involving the Korinthian Polyidos.
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The 15 th edition of the Encyclopae
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Chapter 2 - A History of Modern Div
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and games of chance a secondary dev
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causes. This is also the case conce
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Evans-Pritchard also uses a lot of
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through casting the decision “upo
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transformed and new relations are g
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Somewhat between the great currents
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efutations. With this article Zeitl
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the function of divination. Special
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Chapter 3 - Definition and typology
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means signs obtained from the gods
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producer. In this case we see that
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Chapter 4 - Impetrative Divination
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ontogenetic histories. Some feeling
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direct people in their life. It can
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or potential misfortune or lack of
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Before making blood-brotherhood Bef
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It was argued that emotion was cent
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Figure 4.2. Intentional action It i
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Figure 4.4. Ritualized action in di
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was the counterintuitive agent who
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education. 43 These problems requir
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Credibility 4,5 4 3,5 3 2,5 2 1,5 1
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Clairvoyant, and Astrologist. There
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Materials A booklet similar to the
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Summary The thesis of this chapter
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present existence, as the slogan go
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Let us presently consider how hyper
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1963). Michotte had subjects watch
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another that they were playing agai
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monkeys. There is evidence that in
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Sperber and Wilson programmatically
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humans communicate by producing sig
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Let us consider some examples of th
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Henrich and Gil-White supply precis
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communicator (T.S. Elliot) or a mil
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professors are not routinely attrib
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thought it most likely the main cha
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Chapter 5 - Oblative divination 82
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her life”. 85 In the example the
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in the city. To most modern people
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answer. In oblative divination the
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Figure 6.1. brings together the obs
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questions on how much disease there
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While many good and detailed models
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Unexpected event Figure 6.3. Web of
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Chapter 7 - Research history on Rom
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assumption is that divination, espe
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It can be seen that Latte's as well
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oth shared the same attitude toward
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vastly different views on what legi
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& Scheid 1994; Linder & Scheid 1993
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the observation. If the fear thesis
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Based on the evidence available to
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linear regression analysis was made
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criticism of it. His antiquarian cu
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Post-republican writers Verrius Fla
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M. Servius Honoratus Marius Servius
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The only full description we have o
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called interpretes Iovi, interprete
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All places where auspices should be
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anyhow. There is therefore no reaso
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The credibility value of the greate
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according to Cicero, the point is t
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Utility and Credibility value The a
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History Since it is mentioned in th
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Technique Let us consider public so
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Private sortition Private sortition
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shuffled the lots and drew one 149
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Extispicy is a form of divination w
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public use of extispicy are perform
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(North 1990). In Etruria these indi
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Sibylline books The Sibylline Books
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The word vates can probably be trac
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counterintuitive agent. In all the
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Howevere, there are practices in wh
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Technique Descriptives Credibility
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History Let us see how these observ
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Summary To summarize the conclusion
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as specified in equation 3, but it
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Dissemination Private sortition Pub
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“may the gods avert (bad) omens
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excelled every race and every natio
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calf ran away and spattered many of
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the cultural model of omens, identi
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very widespread 196 and along with
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Although there is great imprecision
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1,2 1 0,4 0,2 0 Omen words in Greek
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e distinguished: nuntiatio, relatio
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ating whether a prodigy involved a
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Year BCE 218-190 189-162 160-132 13
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distinction between public and priv
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140,00 120,00 100,00 80,00 60,00 40
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two seem to have been used in the c
Page 217 and 218: 8) Sacrificia vetusta occultaque mi
Page 219 and 220: The actual interpretations we hear
Page 221 and 222: this type among the prodigia, where
Page 223 and 224: consideration here the cultural mod
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Page 227 and 228: action. It was argued that these re
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Page 231 and 232: practices that did not survive were
Page 233 and 234: divination. At the same time the op
Page 235 and 236: Appendix 1 The Kurabi among the Mwa
Page 237 and 238: Appendix 2 The Guzul In Central Aus
Page 239 and 240: Appendix 4 Roman Words Omen Prodigi
Page 241 and 242: Theocritus 21261 1.88 1.88 0 0 0.32
Page 243 and 244: Moon fell down Capua Goats got wool
Page 245 and 246: Note: *this is possibly not a separ
Page 247 and 248: Temple of Ceres struck by lightning
Page 249 and 250: Sheep with two heads born Suessa Pi
Page 251 and 252: 12 year old hermaphrodite discovere
Page 253 and 254: Cows were talking Campania Bronze c
Page 255 and 256: *This prodigy may be the same as th
Page 257 and 258: 156 Storm destroys sacred places on
Page 259 and 260: * Since the Graecostasis was right
Page 261 and 262: An owl was seen on the Capitol Roma
Page 263 and 264: * Rasmussen counts as two (Rasmusse
Page 265 and 266: Sun formed a disc like a shield at
Page 267: Two calfs were found in the entrail
Page 271 and 272: Tornado ripped of roofs Bridge coll
Page 273 and 274: Doors to the temple of Fortuna open
Page 275 and 276: Appendix 6 Examples of counterintui
Page 277 and 278: Bibliography Primary Sources 220 La
Page 279 and 280: Secondary sources Abbink, J. 1993:
Page 281 and 282: Bering, J. M. and Johnson, D. P. 20
Page 283 and 284: Callaway, H. 1970: The Religious Sy
Page 285 and 286: Dumezil, G. 1970: Archaic Roman Rel
Page 287 and 288: Guillaumont, F. 1984: Philosophe et
Page 289 and 290: Koenig, M. A., Clement, F., and Har
Page 291 and 292: Luterbacher, F. 1967: Der Prodigien
Page 293 and 294: Patton, L. L. 2000: "The Magic in M
Page 295 and 296: Schilling, R. 1979: "A propos des "
Page 297 and 298: Taylor, L. R. 1949: Party Politics
Page 299 and 300: Woodward, J. 2000: "Explanation and
Page 301 and 302: Oprindeligt blev divination forklar
Page 303 and 304: menneskelig perception eller ræson
Page 305 and 306: I kapitel 6 sammenlignes observatio
Page 307 and 308: Den sidste ligning udtrykker, at sa
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The dissemination of divination in roman republican times

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