The dissemination of divination in roman republican times

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Conflict occurring in the lineage 4 1 Some animals died 1 0 Wanted to know outcome of harvest 1 0 General trouble 10 4 No response to question 25 9 Table 4.2. Reasons for consultation of diviner among the Sisala 28 About 25 % of the consultations have to do with central life transitions, such as marriage, birth and death as we expected. The largest single reason for consultation is disease. Disease is another example of a discrepancy between the ideal life model and the lived life. These seem relatively universal. Consequently, more than 60% of motivations for consulting a diviner among the Sisala are directly related to discrepancies between the ideal life model and the lived life. Other more curious examples seem at the face of it to diverge from this pattern; for example consulting a diviner to find out about a coming journey. The reason it features prominently on the list is that it is not safe to travel in the area where the Sisala live. It is therefore an example of a potential misfortune. The reason why dreams are a motivation for consultation is that they may be signs of insanity and thus ultimately of disease. Yet other reasons have a more obscure etiology, but they all in one way or another relate to the fortune or misfortune of the consulter. Evans-Pritchard also provides us with a similar list, although he does not specify how many percent of the consultations are motivated by each individual reason. Evans-Pritchard made detailed inquiries into the consultations of the poison oracle among the Azande. The poison oracle is the central and most important form of divination. Situations that motivate consultation are: 28 After (Mendonsa 1982: 114). To discover why a wife has not conceived During pregnancy of wife, about place of delivery, safety etc. Before circumcision of son Before marriage of daughter Before sending son to act as page at court In sickness on any member of family To discover the agent responsible of any misfortune At death of kinsman in the old days Before exacting vengeance by magic In cases of sorcery In cases of adultery Before gathering oracle poison 60
Before making blood-brotherhood Before long journeys A man before marrying a wife Before presenting a prince with beer Before large scale hunting A commoner in choosing homestead site Before accepting European employment Before becoming a witchdoctor Before joining a closed association A man before he and his adult sons go to war In cases of disloyalty to a prince A prince before making war All other matters pertaining to warfare A prince before moving his court A prince to discover whether a communal ceremony will terminate drought A prince to determine the actions of the British District Commissioner A prince before accepting presents or tribute Table 4.3. Reasons for consultation of diviner among the Azande 29 A similar pattern as among the Sisala emerges. Life transitions such as birth, marriage and death account for many of the items. We also find disease and travel on the list. An addition is several items related to war. War like travel is an event where a potential misfortune may conceivably occur. We also find more specific items that are specific to the Azande, such as making blood-brotherhood, joining a closed association and becoming a witchdoctor. They are according to the culture of the Azande actions that may have great consequences for the life of the individual. The rest of the items may seem obscure, but accounts, of how they relate to the actual or potential misfortune or lack of fortune as understood by the Azande, can be offered. The last list by Michael Jackson is not as comprehensive as the two previous. It is made on the basis of research among the Kuranko of Niger. According to Jackson typical motivations for consulting a diviner are: A man’s wife is barren A woman has a long and difficult labor A man is about to marry A man is about to brush his farm A person is about to embark on a journey A person is troubled by a dream A kinsman is ill A sickness or disease does not respond to treatment suggested by a besetigi (medicinemaster) A kinsman (particularly a child) dies suddenly A man is about to have his son or daughter initiated 29 after (Evans-Pritchard 1937: 261f) 61
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The Dissemination of Divination in
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Chapter 8 - Sources to Roman Divina
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List of Figures Figure 3.1. Types o
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Acknowledgements Certain parts of t
Page 9 and 10: people. It is almost unanimously ag
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Page 15 and 16: Lienard & Feeney 2006), prayer (Bar
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Page 27 and 28: The 15 th edition of the Encyclopae
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Page 31 and 32: and games of chance a secondary dev
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Page 35 and 36: Evans-Pritchard also uses a lot of
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Page 45 and 46: the function of divination. Special
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Page 49 and 50: means signs obtained from the gods
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Page 55 and 56: ontogenetic histories. Some feeling
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Page 59: or potential misfortune or lack of
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Page 75 and 76: Clairvoyant, and Astrologist. There
Page 77 and 78: Materials A booklet similar to the
Page 79 and 80: Summary The thesis of this chapter
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answer. In oblative divination the
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Figure 6.1. brings together the obs
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questions on how much disease there
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While many good and detailed models
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Unexpected event Figure 6.3. Web of
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Chapter 7 - Research history on Rom
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assumption is that divination, espe
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It can be seen that Latte's as well
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oth shared the same attitude toward
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vastly different views on what legi
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& Scheid 1994; Linder & Scheid 1993
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the observation. If the fear thesis
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Based on the evidence available to
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linear regression analysis was made
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criticism of it. His antiquarian cu
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Post-republican writers Verrius Fla
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M. Servius Honoratus Marius Servius
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The only full description we have o
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called interpretes Iovi, interprete
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All places where auspices should be
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anyhow. There is therefore no reaso
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The credibility value of the greate
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according to Cicero, the point is t
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Utility and Credibility value The a
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History Since it is mentioned in th
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Technique Let us consider public so
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Private sortition Private sortition
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shuffled the lots and drew one 149
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Extispicy is a form of divination w
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public use of extispicy are perform
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(North 1990). In Etruria these indi
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Sibylline books The Sibylline Books
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The word vates can probably be trac
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counterintuitive agent. In all the
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Howevere, there are practices in wh
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Technique Descriptives Credibility
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History Let us see how these observ
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Summary To summarize the conclusion
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as specified in equation 3, but it
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Dissemination Private sortition Pub
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“may the gods avert (bad) omens
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excelled every race and every natio
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calf ran away and spattered many of
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the cultural model of omens, identi
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very widespread 196 and along with
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Although there is great imprecision
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1,2 1 0,4 0,2 0 Omen words in Greek
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e distinguished: nuntiatio, relatio
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ating whether a prodigy involved a
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Year BCE 218-190 189-162 160-132 13
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distinction between public and priv
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140,00 120,00 100,00 80,00 60,00 40
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two seem to have been used in the c
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8) Sacrificia vetusta occultaque mi
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The actual interpretations we hear
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this type among the prodigia, where
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consideration here the cultural mod
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encounter of people using it to a g
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action. It was argued that these re
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investigate the dissemination of di
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practices that did not survive were
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divination. At the same time the op
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Appendix 1 The Kurabi among the Mwa
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Appendix 2 The Guzul In Central Aus
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Appendix 4 Roman Words Omen Prodigi
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Theocritus 21261 1.88 1.88 0 0 0.32
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Moon fell down Capua Goats got wool
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Note: *this is possibly not a separ
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Temple of Ceres struck by lightning
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Sheep with two heads born Suessa Pi
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12 year old hermaphrodite discovere
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Cows were talking Campania Bronze c
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*This prodigy may be the same as th
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156 Storm destroys sacred places on
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* Since the Graecostasis was right
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An owl was seen on the Capitol Roma
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* Rasmussen counts as two (Rasmusse
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Sun formed a disc like a shield at
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Two calfs were found in the entrail
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Fire in the sky Note: While this pr
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Tornado ripped of roofs Bridge coll
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Doors to the temple of Fortuna open
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Appendix 6 Examples of counterintui
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Bibliography Primary Sources 220 La
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Secondary sources Abbink, J. 1993:
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Bering, J. M. and Johnson, D. P. 20
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Callaway, H. 1970: The Religious Sy
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Dumezil, G. 1970: Archaic Roman Rel
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Guillaumont, F. 1984: Philosophe et
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Koenig, M. A., Clement, F., and Har
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Luterbacher, F. 1967: Der Prodigien
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Patton, L. L. 2000: "The Magic in M
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Schilling, R. 1979: "A propos des "
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Taylor, L. R. 1949: Party Politics
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Woodward, J. 2000: "Explanation and
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Oprindeligt blev divination forklar
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menneskelig perception eller ræson
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I kapitel 6 sammenlignes observatio
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Den sidste ligning udtrykker, at sa
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The dissemination of divination in roman republican times

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