The Roman Army, 31 BC–AD 337: A Sourcebook

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The army in peacetime 117 This record (perhaps derived from a morning report) of detached service for individual soldiers may refer to Legion III Cyrenaica. The soldiers are absent for a minimum of about four months and a maximum of ten and a half months. 185 Daris, Documenti 66, terracotta jar, Oxyrhynchus, Egypt, 2 BC From the Ox(yrhynchite) nome. Ammonios, son of Ammonios, helmsman of the public boat whose emblem is [ _ _ _ ] through the agency of Lucius Oclatius, soldier on marine escort duty, of the twenty-second legion, second cohort, century of Maximus Stoltius, and Hermias, son of Petalos, helmsman of another boat whose emblem is Egypt, through the agency of Lucius Castricius, soldier on marine escort duty, of the twenty-second legion, fourth cohort, century of Titus Pompeius. This is a specimen of what we placed on board out of the produce of the twenty-eighth (year) of Caesar; Ammonios (filled) up to the bulwarks with 433 1/4 artabae (about 22,529 litres) of wheat, and similarly Hermias with 433 1/4 artabae of wheat; all these were placed on board by Leonidas and Apollonios, corn collectors of the eastern section of the lower toparchy, 866 1/2 artabae (about 45,058 litres) of wheat, and we made a further measurement of a half artabe (about 26 litres) of wheat for every hundred artabae (5,200 litres). (This is for the purpose of tax.) We carried out the loading from the 2nd of Hathyr to the 4th of the same month, and we have sealed it (the jar) with both our seals, that of Ammonios whose figure is Ammon, and that of Hermias whose figure is Harpocrates. Year twenty-nine of Caesar, 4th Hathyr. (Added in different hand) We, Hermias and Ammonios have placed our seals on the specimens. Year twenty-nine of Caesar, 19th Hathyr. This writing is on a terracotta jar containing the specimen of wheat from the Oxyrhynchus nome which would be opened in Alexandria to test its purity. The twenty-second legion is the Deiotariana, stationed at Alexandria. 186 Guéraud 1942, nos 1 and 13, ostraca, Egypt No. 1 Rustius Barbarus to his brother Pompeius, greetings. Why is it that you have not written back to me if you received the loaves of bread? I sent you fifteen loaves with Popilius and Dutuporis, then fifteen more and a vase (?) with the carter Draco; you have used up four matia (one third of an artabe) of wheat. I sent you six loaves with the cavalryman
118 The Roman Army Thiadices, who said he could take them. I request, brother, that you have some scales (?) made for my personal use, as beautiful as possible, and write to me so that in payment for them I can make you bread or send you money, whichever you wish. Now, I want you to know that I am going to get married. As soon as I have married, I shall write to you at once to come. Farewell. Regards to [ _ _ _ ]. No. 13 [ _ _ _ ] to Terentius and [ _ _ _ ] and Atticus [ _ _ _ ], fondest greetings. First of all I pray that you are in [good health]; my dearest wish [ _ _ _ ] is for you and the children to remain in good health. I received from Ca [ _ _ _ ] the bunch of radishes (?) that you sent. You are going to get gourds and citrus fruit (from me); divide them with your brothers as you yourselves wish. Regards to your comrades in the army. Isidorus sends you his best wishes. I pray that you are well. These are examples of Latin and Greek ostraca, dating from late first-mid second century AD, found near a quarry and gold mine on the road from Coptos in Egypt to the Red Sea. A small detachment of soldiers was stationed here perhaps to guard the mine and the trade route. 187 ILS 9073, inscription, Rusicade (Skikda), Numidia, AD 268–70 In honour of Jupiter Best and Greatest, I have fulfilled my vow to the Genius of Emperor Caesar Marcus Aurelius Claudius Unconquered Pius Fortunate Augustus, Aelius Dubitatus, soldier of the ninth praetorian cohort, century of Etrius; for nine years I have looked after the staging post at Veneria Rusicade, and my fellow-soldiers have been safe and fortunate [ _ _ _ Rusicade was a colony which, along with Cirta, Milev, and Chullu, formed a loose confederation; it was an important port and the terminus for the road from Cirta which Hadrian had rebuilt, and along which grain was transported for export from Numidia. In the third century there was apparently a detachment from the ninth praetorian cohort based here. 188 Frend 1956:46, inscription, Sulmenli (Eulandra ?), Asia, AD 213 [In the consulships of Emperor Antoninus for the third time and Caelius B]albinus, 11 October, at Prymnessus, the procurator Philocurius: ‘[ _ _ _ ] they are showing dissension in respect of matters
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The Roman Army, 31 BC-AD 337 The Ro
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First published 1994 by Routledge 1
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Contents List of plates ix List of
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Plates 1 Ti. Claudius Maximus 2 Cen
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Preface and acknowledgements The Ro
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Abbreviations AE L’Année épigra
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P. S. I. Pubblicazioni della societ
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Emperors from Augustus to Constanti
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denarius (‘ten as-piece’) = 4 s
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2 The Roman Army benefits are still
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4 The Roman Army military as well a
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6 The Roman Army The defeat of Cart
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8 The Roman Army who supplied caval
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10 The Roman Army career seemed mos
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12 The Roman Army in a recruit, you
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14 The Roman Army thanks to the lor
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16 The Roman Army should keep in st
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18 The Roman Army more impartial th
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20 The Roman Army speedily. The rem
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22 The Roman Army I paid monetary r
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24 The Roman Army hay 10 drachmas f
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26 The Roman Army I have received a
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28 The Roman Army from having more
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30 The Roman Army 34 Speidel 1980:7
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32 The Roman Army 40 ILS 2442, insc
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34 The Roman Army units were now be
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36 The Roman Army and I have alread
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38 The Roman Army heirs, set this u
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40 The Roman Army 63 CIL 6. 2725=IL
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42 The Roman Army principalis, acti
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44 The Roman Army 77 CIL 6. 2896=IL
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2 The officers CENTURIONS Centurion
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48 The Roman Army The emperor was u
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50 The Roman Army to Numidia, and f
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52 The Roman Army of Legion III Aug
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54 The Roman Army tribune of the fi
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56 The Roman Army Aurelius Harpocra
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58 The Roman Army Cornelius Minicia
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60 The Roman Army officer for Egypt
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62 The Roman Army Furthermore, an e
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64 The Roman Army probably formed d
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66 The Roman Army Moesia, legate of
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3 The Emperor as commander-in-chief
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70 The Roman Army to restrain thems
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72 The Roman Army 127 Josephus (1st
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74 The Roman Army Cornelius Fronto
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76 The Roman Army his tribunician p
Page 99 and 100: 78 The Roman Army Lucius, in the si
Page 101 and 102: 1 Ti. Claudius Maximus Source: Kava
Page 103 and 104: 3 Trajan as commander-in-chief Sour
Page 105 and 106: 8 The Roman siege ramp at Masada Ph
Page 107 and 108: 11 The Mithraeum at Carrawburgh on
Page 109 and 110: 14 Bronze diploma—exterior faces
Page 111 and 112: 18 Bronze diploma—exterior face w
Page 113 and 114: 80 The Roman Army Figure 1 Legionar
Page 115 and 116: 82 The Roman Army fighting at the c
Page 117 and 118: 84 The Roman Army the other legions
Page 119 and 120: Figure 3 The disposition of the leg
Page 121 and 122: 88 The Roman Army outside the fort
Page 123 and 124: 90 The Roman Army advisers, will ha
Page 125 and 126: 92 The Roman Army guards and mounte
Page 127 and 128: 94 The Roman Army period of imperia
Page 129 and 130: 96 The Roman Army being able to str
Page 131 and 132: 98 The Roman Army (Section 16) The
Page 133 and 134: 100 The Roman Army against archers,
Page 135 and 136: 102 The Roman Army (see Plate 8), t
Page 137 and 138: 104 The Roman Army the cohort menti
Page 139 and 140: 106 The Roman Army the wishes of Em
Page 141 and 142: 108 The Roman Army 177 D 49. 16. 3.
Page 143 and 144: 5 The army in peacetime MILITARY LI
Page 145 and 146: 112 The Roman Army do whatever may
Page 147 and 148: 114 The Roman Army This is probably
Page 149: 116 The Roman Army For the date and
Page 153 and 154: 120 The Roman Army 190 P. Dura 60B,
Page 155 and 156: 122 The Roman Army of that communit
Page 157 and 158: 124 The Roman Army identified as br
Page 159 and 160: 126 The Roman Army The town of Sald
Page 161 and 162: 128 The Roman Army for the eternity
Page 163 and 164: 130 The Roman Army [7] September [
Page 165 and 166: 132 The Roman Army Although Tertull
Page 167 and 168: 134 The Roman Army 220 CIL 3. 11082
Page 169 and 170: 136 The Roman Army Cocidius was a C
Page 171 and 172: 138 The Roman Army the names of Get
Page 173 and 174: 6 The army, the local community, an
Page 175 and 176: 142 The Roman Army informal adminis
Page 177 and 178: 144 The Roman Army either military
Page 179 and 180: 146 The Roman Army Two legions were
Page 181 and 182: 148 The Roman Army the Medes, in th
Page 183 and 184: 150 The Roman Army [ _ _ _ ] Centur
Page 185 and 186: 152 The Roman Army provision for th
Page 187 and 188: 154 The Roman Army Longinia, had be
Page 189 and 190: 156 The Roman Army opinion I gave y
Page 191 and 192: 158 The Roman Army property in acco
Page 193 and 194: 160 The Roman Army the will. His so
Page 195 and 196: 162 The Roman Army did make his wil
Page 197 and 198: 164 The Roman Army In Roman law eve
Page 199 and 200: 166 The Roman Army from home. Soldi
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168 The Roman Army 277 CJ 12. 33(34
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170 The Roman Army Published on 15
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172 The Roman Army solution, becaus
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174 The Roman Army ask that you sho
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176 The Roman Army The reference to
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178 The Roman Army with his own edi
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180 The Roman Army of passing trave
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182 The Roman Army The Roman empero
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184 The Roman Army foreseen. Or was
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186 The Roman Army the undivided su
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188 The Roman Army name a figure of
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190 The Roman Army disgraceful and
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192 The Roman Army only explicit re
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194 The Roman Army Rome) even thoug
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196 The Roman Army grandson of Germ
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198 The Roman Army and (13) first T
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200 The Roman Army the fatherland,
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202 The Roman Army from your affirm
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204 The Roman Army honourably disch
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206 The Roman Army 337 FIRA 3. 171=
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208 The Roman Army (Fourth hand) (S
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210 The Roman Army service in the c
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212 The Roman Army colonies, or del
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214 The Roman Army Augustus himself
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216 The Roman Army 349 CIL 16. 13=M
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218 The Roman Army main roads did n
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220 The Roman Army 357 ILS 9085, in
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222 The Roman Army and Vergil in Ec
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224 The Roman Army you who are aliv
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226 The Roman Army 367 AE 1974. 283
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228 The Roman Army 374 ILS 9400, in
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230 The Roman Army considerable pro
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232 The Roman Army military organiz
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234 The Roman Army recruitment and
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236 The Roman Army Domitius Aurelia
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238 The Roman Army on the emperor (
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240 The Roman Army This rescript is
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242 The Roman Army peaceful repose
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244 The Roman Army in respect of on
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246 The Roman Army the soldiers, an
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248 The Roman Army (Alexander) gave
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Select bibliography Alföldy, G.. (
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252 Select bibliography Duncan-Jone
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254 Select bibliography Marsden, E.
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Index of translated passages LITERA
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258 Index of translated passages 24
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Index of names and subjects Promine
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266 Index of names and subjects Ces
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268 Index of names and subjects Gro
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270 Index of names and subjects Pat
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272 Index of names and subjects Vel
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The Roman Army, 31 BC–AD 337: A Sourcebook

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