The Roman Army, 31 BC–AD 337: A Sourcebook

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Veterans 219 Eventually called Ulpia Traiana Augusta Dacica Sarmizegetusa, this was one of two veteran settlements founded by Trajan in Dacia (the other is Dierna). Its probable date is 110. Terentius Scaurianus was the first governor of the province of Dacia (C. Daicoviciu, RE Suppl. 14 (1974) s.v. Sarmizegetusa, cols. 610–55). 355 Hyginus, Categories of Land (Thulin 1913:84) Recently when a reservist of the emperor, a man of military training and also very proficient in our skills (of surveying), was allocating lands in Pannonia to veteran soldiers according to the wishes and generosity of Emperor Trajan Augustus, Conqueror of the Germans, he wrote down or noted on bronze, that is on the maps, not only the quantity of land which he was allocating, but also at the end of the boundary line relating to each settler (i.e. on the map) included the area in the following way: when the measurement for the allocation was completed, he wrote down the area of land listing its length and breadth. Because of this no disputes and litigation about these lands could arise among the veterans. The bronze map and register recorded the total area of the settlement, the name of each landholder, the location of his holding, and the quantity in iugera of individual allocations. The procedure adopted in Pannonia shows the care taken by emperors over the settlement of veterans. This incident probably relates to the foundation of Poetovio (text no. 356). 356 CIL 3. 4057=ILS 2462, inscription, Poetovio (Ptuj), Upper Pannonia, early 2nd C.AD Gaius Cornelius Verus, son of Gaius, of the tribe Pomptina, from Dertona, veteran of Legion II Adiutrix, was settled in the colony Ulpia Traiana Poetovio with double (?) allocation of land on discharge, served as clerk of the governor, fifty years old, lies buried here; he ordered in his will that this should be set up; his heir, Gaius Billienus Vitalis, had this done. Poetovio was founded by Trajan soon after the Dacian wars or possibly before the end of 102 (if Hyginus in text no. 355 is referring to the foundation of Poetovio, he does not ascribe the title Dacicus to Trajan, which was bestowed at the end of 102). The phrase ‘double allocation of land’—‘mission(e) agr(aria) II’ is explained on the hypothesis that Verus as a beneficiarius was on double pay and hence received a double portion of land. It has also been suggested, however, that Verus was part of a second group of settlers who reinforced the existing community.
220 The Roman Army 357 ILS 9085, inscription, near Poetovio, early 2nd C.AD To the spirits of the departed, Lucius Gargilius Felix, son of Lucius, of the tribe Quirina, from Tacape (in Africa), veteran of Legion I Adiutrix Loyal and Faithful, discharged with a cash discharge grant, [ _ _ _ ] years Cf. AE 1934. 226. Felix, having received his cash praemium, may have settled at Poetovio of his own accord. Mann (1983:33) conjectures that he had been discharged in Dacia and had chosen to make his home in Poetovio because I Adiutrix had been stationed here immediately before its despatch to Dacia and the establishment of the colony. But it is possible that two groups of colonists were settled in Poetovio, one with land, one with money. 358 SEG 17. 584=Smallwood NH 313, inscription, Attaleia, Asia, 2nd C.AD In honour of Lucius Gavius Fronto, son of Lucius Gavius Fronto, chief centurion of Legion III Cyrenaica and camp prefect of Legion XV Apollinaris, the first and only member of his native community (to hold these ranks), father of Lucius Gavius Aelianus, quaestor with propraetorian power of the Roman people, grandfather of Lucius Gavius Clarus of the broad purple stripe (i.e. a senator), honoured with the grant of a public horse by the Emperor, and with military decorations, entrusted by the divine Trajan with three thousand legionary veterans to found a colony at Cyrene, the first to promise a permanent tenure of the office of gymnasiarch in his fifth year (holding that office), chief priest of all the Emperors for four years and director of the dramatic and athletic games at his own expense, Lucius Gavius Seleucus to his patron and benefactor. The veteran colony at Cyrene was established in the aftermath of the Jewish revolt in 115 and may have been completed by Hadrian. 359 Hyginus Gromaticus, The Establishment of ‘Limites’ (Thulin 1913:165–6) We should make a ledger recording all unused land (subseciva) so that whenever the emperor wishes he can find out how many men can be settled in that area… We shall place in the emperor’s record office the bronze registers and ground plan of the entire area which has been divided up, with the lines drawn in according to its established boundaries, and a note of the immediate neighbours. And if anything has been granted or allocated to a colony as an act of munificence,
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The Roman Army, 31 BC-AD 337 The Ro
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First published 1994 by Routledge 1
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Contents List of plates ix List of
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Plates 1 Ti. Claudius Maximus 2 Cen
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Preface and acknowledgements The Ro
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Abbreviations AE L’Année épigra
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P. S. I. Pubblicazioni della societ
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Emperors from Augustus to Constanti
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denarius (‘ten as-piece’) = 4 s
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2 The Roman Army benefits are still
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4 The Roman Army military as well a
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6 The Roman Army The defeat of Cart
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8 The Roman Army who supplied caval
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10 The Roman Army career seemed mos
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12 The Roman Army in a recruit, you
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14 The Roman Army thanks to the lor
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16 The Roman Army should keep in st
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18 The Roman Army more impartial th
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20 The Roman Army speedily. The rem
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22 The Roman Army I paid monetary r
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24 The Roman Army hay 10 drachmas f
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26 The Roman Army I have received a
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28 The Roman Army from having more
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30 The Roman Army 34 Speidel 1980:7
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32 The Roman Army 40 ILS 2442, insc
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34 The Roman Army units were now be
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36 The Roman Army and I have alread
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38 The Roman Army heirs, set this u
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40 The Roman Army 63 CIL 6. 2725=IL
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42 The Roman Army principalis, acti
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44 The Roman Army 77 CIL 6. 2896=IL
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2 The officers CENTURIONS Centurion
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48 The Roman Army The emperor was u
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50 The Roman Army to Numidia, and f
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52 The Roman Army of Legion III Aug
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54 The Roman Army tribune of the fi
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56 The Roman Army Aurelius Harpocra
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58 The Roman Army Cornelius Minicia
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60 The Roman Army officer for Egypt
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62 The Roman Army Furthermore, an e
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64 The Roman Army probably formed d
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66 The Roman Army Moesia, legate of
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3 The Emperor as commander-in-chief
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70 The Roman Army to restrain thems
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72 The Roman Army 127 Josephus (1st
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74 The Roman Army Cornelius Fronto
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76 The Roman Army his tribunician p
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78 The Roman Army Lucius, in the si
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1 Ti. Claudius Maximus Source: Kava
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3 Trajan as commander-in-chief Sour
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8 The Roman siege ramp at Masada Ph
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11 The Mithraeum at Carrawburgh on
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14 Bronze diploma—exterior faces
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18 Bronze diploma—exterior face w
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80 The Roman Army Figure 1 Legionar
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82 The Roman Army fighting at the c
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84 The Roman Army the other legions
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Figure 3 The disposition of the leg
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88 The Roman Army outside the fort
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90 The Roman Army advisers, will ha
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92 The Roman Army guards and mounte
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94 The Roman Army period of imperia
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96 The Roman Army being able to str
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98 The Roman Army (Section 16) The
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100 The Roman Army against archers,
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102 The Roman Army (see Plate 8), t
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104 The Roman Army the cohort menti
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106 The Roman Army the wishes of Em
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108 The Roman Army 177 D 49. 16. 3.
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5 The army in peacetime MILITARY LI
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112 The Roman Army do whatever may
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114 The Roman Army This is probably
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116 The Roman Army For the date and
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118 The Roman Army Thiadices, who s
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120 The Roman Army 190 P. Dura 60B,
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122 The Roman Army of that communit
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124 The Roman Army identified as br
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126 The Roman Army The town of Sald
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128 The Roman Army for the eternity
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130 The Roman Army [7] September [
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132 The Roman Army Although Tertull
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134 The Roman Army 220 CIL 3. 11082
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136 The Roman Army Cocidius was a C
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138 The Roman Army the names of Get
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6 The army, the local community, an
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142 The Roman Army informal adminis
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144 The Roman Army either military
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146 The Roman Army Two legions were
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148 The Roman Army the Medes, in th
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150 The Roman Army [ _ _ _ ] Centur
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152 The Roman Army provision for th
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154 The Roman Army Longinia, had be
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156 The Roman Army opinion I gave y
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158 The Roman Army property in acco
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160 The Roman Army the will. His so
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162 The Roman Army did make his wil
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164 The Roman Army In Roman law eve
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166 The Roman Army from home. Soldi
Page 201 and 202: 168 The Roman Army 277 CJ 12. 33(34
Page 203 and 204: 170 The Roman Army Published on 15
Page 205 and 206: 172 The Roman Army solution, becaus
Page 207 and 208: 174 The Roman Army ask that you sho
Page 209 and 210: 176 The Roman Army The reference to
Page 211 and 212: 178 The Roman Army with his own edi
Page 213 and 214: 180 The Roman Army of passing trave
Page 215 and 216: 182 The Roman Army The Roman empero
Page 217 and 218: 184 The Roman Army foreseen. Or was
Page 219 and 220: 186 The Roman Army the undivided su
Page 221 and 222: 188 The Roman Army name a figure of
Page 223 and 224: 190 The Roman Army disgraceful and
Page 225 and 226: 192 The Roman Army only explicit re
Page 227 and 228: 194 The Roman Army Rome) even thoug
Page 229 and 230: 196 The Roman Army grandson of Germ
Page 231 and 232: 198 The Roman Army and (13) first T
Page 233 and 234: 200 The Roman Army the fatherland,
Page 235 and 236: 202 The Roman Army from your affirm
Page 237 and 238: 204 The Roman Army honourably disch
Page 239 and 240: 206 The Roman Army 337 FIRA 3. 171=
Page 241 and 242: 208 The Roman Army (Fourth hand) (S
Page 243 and 244: 210 The Roman Army service in the c
Page 245 and 246: 212 The Roman Army colonies, or del
Page 247 and 248: 214 The Roman Army Augustus himself
Page 249 and 250: 216 The Roman Army 349 CIL 16. 13=M
Page 251: 218 The Roman Army main roads did n
Page 255 and 256: 222 The Roman Army and Vergil in Ec
Page 257 and 258: 224 The Roman Army you who are aliv
Page 259 and 260: 226 The Roman Army 367 AE 1974. 283
Page 261 and 262: 228 The Roman Army 374 ILS 9400, in
Page 263 and 264: 230 The Roman Army considerable pro
Page 265 and 266: 232 The Roman Army military organiz
Page 267 and 268: 234 The Roman Army recruitment and
Page 269 and 270: 236 The Roman Army Domitius Aurelia
Page 271 and 272: 238 The Roman Army on the emperor (
Page 273 and 274: 240 The Roman Army This rescript is
Page 275 and 276: 242 The Roman Army peaceful repose
Page 277 and 278: 244 The Roman Army in respect of on
Page 279 and 280: 246 The Roman Army the soldiers, an
Page 281 and 282: 248 The Roman Army (Alexander) gave
Page 283 and 284: Select bibliography Alföldy, G.. (
Page 285 and 286: 252 Select bibliography Duncan-Jone
Page 287 and 288: 254 Select bibliography Marsden, E.
Page 289 and 290: Index of translated passages LITERA
Page 291 and 292: 258 Index of translated passages 24
Page 297 and 298: Index of names and subjects Promine
Page 299 and 300: 266 Index of names and subjects Ces
Page 301 and 302: 268 Index of names and subjects Gro
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270 Index of names and subjects Pat
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272 Index of names and subjects Vel
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The Roman Army, 31 BC–AD 337: A Sourcebook

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