The Roman Army, 31 BC–AD 337: A Sourcebook
The Roman Army, 31 BC–AD 337: A Sourcebook
The Roman Army, 31 BC–AD 337: A Sourcebook
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<strong>The</strong> army in the later empire 235<br />
378 CIL 3. 3424=ILS 545, inscription, Aquincum (Budapest), Lower<br />
Pannonia, AD 267<br />
To the Genius of Emperor Publius [Licinius Gall]ienus Unconquered<br />
Augustus, Clementius Silvius, most eminent man, acting in place of the<br />
governor, and Valerius Marcellinus, prefect of a legion, defender<br />
(protector) of our emperor, acting in place of the legate, townsmen<br />
from the province of Raetia, happily willingly and deservedly fulfilled<br />
their vow, in the consulship of Paternus and Archesilaus.<br />
Here two equestrians have taken over positions normally held by senators, but<br />
as the wording shows, this was still regarded as a temporary expedient. <strong>The</strong><br />
protectores seem to have been officers or prospective officers attached to the<br />
person of the emperor. By the time of Diocletian they constituted a personal<br />
bodyguard of which the emperor himself was the commander.<br />
379 CIL 8. 2615=ILS 1194, inscription, Lambaesis, Africa,<br />
AD 260 (?)<br />
In honour of Jupiter Best and Greatest and the other immortal gods<br />
and goddesses, Gaius Macrinius Decianus, most distinguished man,<br />
legate of the Emperors with propraetorian power of the provinces of<br />
Numidia and Noricum, (set this up) after the slaughter and rout of the<br />
Bavares and the capture of their notorious leader, a people who under<br />
the united rule of four kings had broken into the province of Numidia,<br />
first in the area of Millev, second on the boundary of Mauretania and<br />
Numidia, and on a third occasion with the Quinquegentiani peoples of<br />
Mauretania Caesariensis, and also the Fraxinenses, who were ravaging<br />
the province of Numidia.<br />
Texts nos. 379–81 demonstrate the changing circumstances in the government<br />
of the province of Numidia and the command of the III Augusta. Decianus is<br />
the last unambiguous example of a senatorial governor exercising military<br />
responsibilities; text no. 380 shows that the III Augusta was now commanded<br />
by an equestrian prefect (demonstrated by the equestrian title egregius—<br />
‘outstanding man’), text no. 381 that by Diocletian’s time the province was<br />
governed by an equestrian with the official title of governor (praeses), while<br />
another equestrian commanded the legion.<br />
380 CIL 8. 2665=ILS 584, inscription, Lambaesis, AD 270–5<br />
In honour of the good god, the boy (Azizos, the ‘light-bringer’,<br />
apparently an attendant of Apollo) for the welfare of our lord Lucius