The Roman Army, 31 BC–AD 337: A Sourcebook

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The army, the local community, the law 145 wide, weight 3 pounds, 6 ounces (3 3/4 minae)—24 drachmae on account; four white Syrian cloaks, each 8 feet, 8 inches (6 cubits) long, 5 feet, 8 inches (4 cubits) wide, weight 3 pounds, 6 ounces (3 3/4 minae)—24 drachmae on account for each; total 96 drachmae; combined total 120 drachmae; for the requirements of the hospital in the imperial camp, one plain white blanket, 8 feet, 8 inches (6 cubits) long, 5 feet, 8 inches (4 cubits) wide, weight 3 pounds 9 ounces (4 minae)—28 drachmae on account; total of payment order—148 silver drachmae; but from the advance of 28 drachmae in respect of the blankets, 6 drachmae were deducted for the imperial treasury. It is agreed that they are to make the clothing of good soft pure white wool without any kind of stain and that it is to be well-woven, firm, with finished hems, satisfactory, without damage, and not in value below the price paid to them in advance for the clothing. If, when it is handed over, any of the clothing is missing or is held to be of inferior value, they shall on their mutual responsibility repay the value of the missing clothing, together with dues and expenses, and the deficit in respect of clothing of inferior value. And they shall deliver them promptly with the established specifications and weights, separate from other public clothing requirements which they owe. The second year of Emperor Caesar Titus Aelius Hadrian Antoninus Augustus Pius, Thoth 12. 240 Tacitus (1st–2nd C.AD), Histories 4. 22 In response to these threats of concentrated war, the legionary commanders Munius Lupercus and Numisius Rufus strengthened the rampart and walls. They demolished the buildings which because of the long peace had grown up close to the camp and had assumed virtually the proportions of a town, in case they proved of assistance to the enemy. This is the legionary camp at Vetera where the canabae lay to the south-east (Petrikovits (1958), cols. 1801–34). A civilian settlement which developed about three kilometres north-west of the camp, near Xanten, was made a colony by Trajan. 241 CIL 13. 6797=Smallwood GN 430, inscription, Moguntiacum (Mainz), Upper Germany, AD 43–4 To Tiberius Claudius Caesar Augustus Germanicus, chief priest, in the third year of his tribunician power, imperator for the fourth time, father of the fatherland, consul for the third time, the Roman citizen businessmen engaged in bag manufacture (set this up) when Gaius Vibius Rufinus was legate with propraetorian power.
146 The Roman Army Two legions were stationed at Moguntiacum from Augustus to Domitian. Thereafter one legion—the XXII Primigenia—remained until the fourth century. A substantial civilian settlement containing Roman citizens developed between Moguntiacum and the Rhine, becoming the main town in Upper Germany and the seat of the governor; it did not, however, acquire municipal or colonial status (Decker and Seltzer 1976). 242 ILS 2472, inscription, Moguntiacum, 2nd C.AD For the welfare of Marcus Aurelius [Commodus] Antoninus Pius Fortunate, in honour of Fortune the Returner of Legion XXII Primigenia, Loyal and Faithful, Gaius Gentilius Victor, veteran of Legion XXII Primigenia, Loyal and Faithful, honourably discharged, dealer in swords, gave instructions in his will that this should be set up, to the value of 8,000 sesterces. 243 CIL 3. 14509=ILS 9105, inscription, Viminacium (Kostolac), Upper Moesia, 3rd C.AD [The divine ?] Septimius Severus Pertinax Pius Fortunate, Conqueror of the Arabs, Conqueror of the Adiabenici, Greatest [Conqueror of the Parthians], and [Emperor Caesar Marcus] Aurelius Antoninus Pius Fortunate Augustus, restored the canabae of Legion VII Claudia Antoniniana, Loyal and Faithful. The civilian settlement at Viminacium may have achieved municipal status under Hadrian, becoming a colony during the reign of Gordian III (AD 238–44). 244 CIL 3. 7474=ILS 2475, inscription, Durostorum (Silistra), Lower Moesia, 2nd C.AD To Jupiter Best and Greatest, for the welfare of Emperor Caesar Titus Aelius Hadrian Antoninus Augustus Pius and Verus Caesar, Gnaeus Oppius Soterichus and Oppius Severus, his son, constructed at their own expense the shrine and statue on behalf of the Roman citizens and those who dwell in the Aelian canabae of Legion XI Claudia. It was dedicated by Tiberius Claudius Saturninus, legate of the Emperor with propraetorian power. Significantly, the canabae at Durostorum were named after Hadrian. This indicates the increasing importance of these communities, even if the use of the emperor’s name was originally unofficial.
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The Roman Army, 31 BC-AD 337 The Ro
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First published 1994 by Routledge 1
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Contents List of plates ix List of
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Plates 1 Ti. Claudius Maximus 2 Cen
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Preface and acknowledgements The Ro
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Abbreviations AE L’Année épigra
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P. S. I. Pubblicazioni della societ
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Emperors from Augustus to Constanti
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denarius (‘ten as-piece’) = 4 s
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2 The Roman Army benefits are still
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4 The Roman Army military as well a
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6 The Roman Army The defeat of Cart
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8 The Roman Army who supplied caval
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10 The Roman Army career seemed mos
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12 The Roman Army in a recruit, you
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14 The Roman Army thanks to the lor
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16 The Roman Army should keep in st
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18 The Roman Army more impartial th
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20 The Roman Army speedily. The rem
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22 The Roman Army I paid monetary r
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24 The Roman Army hay 10 drachmas f
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26 The Roman Army I have received a
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28 The Roman Army from having more
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30 The Roman Army 34 Speidel 1980:7
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32 The Roman Army 40 ILS 2442, insc
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34 The Roman Army units were now be
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36 The Roman Army and I have alread
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38 The Roman Army heirs, set this u
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40 The Roman Army 63 CIL 6. 2725=IL
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42 The Roman Army principalis, acti
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44 The Roman Army 77 CIL 6. 2896=IL
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2 The officers CENTURIONS Centurion
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48 The Roman Army The emperor was u
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50 The Roman Army to Numidia, and f
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52 The Roman Army of Legion III Aug
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54 The Roman Army tribune of the fi
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56 The Roman Army Aurelius Harpocra
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58 The Roman Army Cornelius Minicia
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60 The Roman Army officer for Egypt
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62 The Roman Army Furthermore, an e
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64 The Roman Army probably formed d
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66 The Roman Army Moesia, legate of
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3 The Emperor as commander-in-chief
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70 The Roman Army to restrain thems
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72 The Roman Army 127 Josephus (1st
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74 The Roman Army Cornelius Fronto
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76 The Roman Army his tribunician p
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78 The Roman Army Lucius, in the si
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1 Ti. Claudius Maximus Source: Kava
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3 Trajan as commander-in-chief Sour
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8 The Roman siege ramp at Masada Ph
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11 The Mithraeum at Carrawburgh on
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14 Bronze diploma—exterior faces
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18 Bronze diploma—exterior face w
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80 The Roman Army Figure 1 Legionar
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82 The Roman Army fighting at the c
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84 The Roman Army the other legions
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Figure 3 The disposition of the leg
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88 The Roman Army outside the fort
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90 The Roman Army advisers, will ha
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92 The Roman Army guards and mounte
Page 127 and 128: 94 The Roman Army period of imperia
Page 129 and 130: 96 The Roman Army being able to str
Page 131 and 132: 98 The Roman Army (Section 16) The
Page 133 and 134: 100 The Roman Army against archers,
Page 135 and 136: 102 The Roman Army (see Plate 8), t
Page 137 and 138: 104 The Roman Army the cohort menti
Page 139 and 140: 106 The Roman Army the wishes of Em
Page 141 and 142: 108 The Roman Army 177 D 49. 16. 3.
Page 143 and 144: 5 The army in peacetime MILITARY LI
Page 145 and 146: 112 The Roman Army do whatever may
Page 147 and 148: 114 The Roman Army This is probably
Page 149 and 150: 116 The Roman Army For the date and
Page 151 and 152: 118 The Roman Army Thiadices, who s
Page 153 and 154: 120 The Roman Army 190 P. Dura 60B,
Page 155 and 156: 122 The Roman Army of that communit
Page 157 and 158: 124 The Roman Army identified as br
Page 159 and 160: 126 The Roman Army The town of Sald
Page 161 and 162: 128 The Roman Army for the eternity
Page 163 and 164: 130 The Roman Army [7] September [
Page 165 and 166: 132 The Roman Army Although Tertull
Page 167 and 168: 134 The Roman Army 220 CIL 3. 11082
Page 169 and 170: 136 The Roman Army Cocidius was a C
Page 171 and 172: 138 The Roman Army the names of Get
Page 173 and 174: 6 The army, the local community, an
Page 175 and 176: 142 The Roman Army informal adminis
Page 177: 144 The Roman Army either military
Page 181 and 182: 148 The Roman Army the Medes, in th
Page 183 and 184: 150 The Roman Army [ _ _ _ ] Centur
Page 185 and 186: 152 The Roman Army provision for th
Page 187 and 188: 154 The Roman Army Longinia, had be
Page 189 and 190: 156 The Roman Army opinion I gave y
Page 191 and 192: 158 The Roman Army property in acco
Page 193 and 194: 160 The Roman Army the will. His so
Page 195 and 196: 162 The Roman Army did make his wil
Page 197 and 198: 164 The Roman Army In Roman law eve
Page 199 and 200: 166 The Roman Army from home. Soldi
Page 201 and 202: 168 The Roman Army 277 CJ 12. 33(34
Page 203 and 204: 170 The Roman Army Published on 15
Page 205 and 206: 172 The Roman Army solution, becaus
Page 207 and 208: 174 The Roman Army ask that you sho
Page 209 and 210: 176 The Roman Army The reference to
Page 211 and 212: 178 The Roman Army with his own edi
Page 213 and 214: 180 The Roman Army of passing trave
Page 215 and 216: 182 The Roman Army The Roman empero
Page 217 and 218: 184 The Roman Army foreseen. Or was
Page 219 and 220: 186 The Roman Army the undivided su
Page 221 and 222: 188 The Roman Army name a figure of
Page 223 and 224: 190 The Roman Army disgraceful and
Page 225 and 226: 192 The Roman Army only explicit re
Page 227 and 228: 194 The Roman Army Rome) even thoug
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196 The Roman Army grandson of Germ
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198 The Roman Army and (13) first T
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200 The Roman Army the fatherland,
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202 The Roman Army from your affirm
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204 The Roman Army honourably disch
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206 The Roman Army 337 FIRA 3. 171=
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208 The Roman Army (Fourth hand) (S
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210 The Roman Army service in the c
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212 The Roman Army colonies, or del
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214 The Roman Army Augustus himself
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216 The Roman Army 349 CIL 16. 13=M
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218 The Roman Army main roads did n
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220 The Roman Army 357 ILS 9085, in
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222 The Roman Army and Vergil in Ec
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224 The Roman Army you who are aliv
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226 The Roman Army 367 AE 1974. 283
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228 The Roman Army 374 ILS 9400, in
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230 The Roman Army considerable pro
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232 The Roman Army military organiz
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234 The Roman Army recruitment and
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236 The Roman Army Domitius Aurelia
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238 The Roman Army on the emperor (
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240 The Roman Army This rescript is
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242 The Roman Army peaceful repose
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244 The Roman Army in respect of on
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246 The Roman Army the soldiers, an
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248 The Roman Army (Alexander) gave
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Select bibliography Alföldy, G.. (
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252 Select bibliography Duncan-Jone
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254 Select bibliography Marsden, E.
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Index of translated passages LITERA
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258 Index of translated passages 24
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Index of names and subjects Promine
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266 Index of names and subjects Ces
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268 Index of names and subjects Gro
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270 Index of names and subjects Pat
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272 Index of names and subjects Vel
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