The Roman Army, 31 BC–AD 337: A Sourcebook
The Roman Army, 31 BC–AD 337: A Sourcebook
The Roman Army, 31 BC–AD 337: A Sourcebook
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228 <strong>The</strong> <strong>Roman</strong> <strong>Army</strong><br />
374 ILS 9400, inscription, Uthina (Oudna), Africa, AD 206<br />
To Emperor Caesar Lucius Septimius Severus Pius Pertinax Augustus,<br />
Conqueror of the Arabs, Conqueror of the Adiabenici, Greatest<br />
Conqueror of the Parthians, son of the divine Marcus Antoninus Pius,<br />
Conqueror of the Germans, Conqueror of the Sarmatians, brother of<br />
the divine Commodus, grandson of the divine Pius, great-grandson of<br />
the divine Hadrian, great-great-grandson of the divine Trajan,<br />
Conqueror of the Parthians, great-great-great-grandson of the divine<br />
Nerva, chief priest, in the fourth (? error for fourteenth) year of his<br />
tribunician power, acclaimed imperator eleven times, consul for the<br />
third time, proconsul, father of the fatherland, the <strong>Roman</strong> citizens,<br />
veterans residing in the district of Fortunalis whose parents through<br />
the generosity of the divine Augustus [ _ _ _ ] received lands in the<br />
community of Sutunurca, had this set up at public expense.<br />
Uthina was a colony established by Julius Caesar. <strong>The</strong> veterans in the vicinity<br />
had evidently preserved a common identity and communal spirit which recalled<br />
their ancestors’ grant of land from Augustus. Or perhaps the tradition of the<br />
community’s origins had been revived in order to gain some benefit from the<br />
emperor.<br />
375 SP 85=FIRA 3. 50, papyrus, Fayum, Egypt, AD 189 and 194<br />
col. i Translation of will<br />
[Gaius Longinus Castor], veteran honourably discharged from [the<br />
praetorian fleet] at Misenum, made his will.<br />
[I instruct] that my slave Marcella, aged over [thirty] and my slave<br />
[Cleopatra], aged over thirty should be [free], and [each of them is to<br />
be my] heir in equal portions. [All others] are to be disinherited. Let<br />
them take up their [inheritance], each one taking her own portion,<br />
when they recognize it and are able to attest that they are my heirs. It is<br />
not permitted to sell or to mortgage it. But if the above-mentioned<br />
Marcella sufers the fate of mankind, then I wish her portion of the<br />
inheritance to go to Sarapion and Socrates and Longus. Similarly in<br />
respect of Cleopatra, I wish her portion to go to Nilus. Whoever becomes<br />
my heir shall be required to give, perform, and execute all these<br />
provisions which are written down in this my will, and I commit them<br />
to the trust imposed by it.<br />
My slave Sarapias, daughter of my freedwoman Cleopatra, is to be<br />
freed, and [to her] I give and bequeath five arourae (c. 3 acres) of corn<br />
land which I have in the vicinity of the village of Karanis in the place called<br />
Ostrich, also one and a quarter arourae (c. 4/5 of an acre) of a valley, also<br />
a third portion of my house, and a third portion of that house which I