An Unexplored Realm in the Heartland of the Southern Gulf ... - Famsi

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Appendix 1a. Ceramic Analysis: Types and Descriptions (Continued). 6100 NARANJA BURDO DESGRASANTE MEDIO (Domestic, not considered diagnostic) 6101 Naranja burdo desgrasante medio erosionado 6102 Naranja burdo desgrasante medio con engobe rojo 6103 Naranja burdo desgrasante medio con engobe naranja 6104 Naranja burdo desgrasante medio con engobe blanco 6105 Naranja burdo desgrasante medio inciso 7100 NARANJA BURDO DESGRASANTE BURDO 7101 Naranja burdo erosionado N/A 7101A Naranja burdo con desgrasante de mica cuarzo y ceniza volcánica N/A 7102 Naranja burdo rastrillado N/A 7102A Naranja burdo rastrillado con engobe N/A 7102B Tecomates Early to Middle Formative 7103 Naranja con engobe naranja N/A 7104 Naranja con pintura roja N/A 7105 Naranja con engobe negro N/A 7201 Naranja con desgrasante mica N/A 7201A Naranja amarillento con desgrasante de mica N/A 8100 ROJO EROSIONADO 8101 Rojo erosionado pasta fina Protoclassic to Early Classic 8102 Rojo inciso pasta fina Protoclassic to Early Classic 8103 Rojo con engobe pasta fina N/A 8104 Rojo erosionado pasta medio Protoclassic to Early Classic 8105 Rojo pasta media con engobe Protoclassic to Early Classic 9100 NEGROS BURDOS UTILITARIOS 9101 Negro pulido de pasta media café rojiza Late Formative to Protoclassic 9102 Negro pulido de pasta media inciso Late Formative to Protoclassic 11.0 Differentially Fired Bi-Chromes (Bicromo por Coccion Diferencial) 11.1 Black – White, fine paste Middle Formative 11.2 Black – Light Cream, fine paste Middle Formative 11.3 Black – Light Cream, fine paste, slipped Late Formative 11.4 Black – Light Cream, medium paste Early Formative 11.4A Black – Light Cream, medium sand paste Late Formative 11.5 Black – White dark-reddish brown slip Late Formative 11.6 Black – Light Cream, w/dark-reddish brown slip Late Formative Similar types, unconfirmed: 11.11 Black – White, fine-to-medium sand paste Protoclassic to Early Classic ** 11.12 Black – Light Cream, same paste anterior Protoclassic to Early Classic ** 21. Polished Black (Negro Pulido) 21.1 Polished Black, fine paste Late Formative 21.2 Polished Black, medium paste Late Formative 21.3 Polished Black, incised Late Formative 21.4 Polished Black, coarse paste Late Formative 21.5 Polished Black, red paste Late Classic 402
Appendix 1b. Ceramic Analysis: Types and Temporal Assignment B. Ceramic type identification and assigned temporal period applied to river cut bank profiles and test excavations in Fields 1 and 2 made in 2002 and 2004. 31. Fine Grey (Gris Fino) 31.1 Fine Grey, weathered/eroded N/A* 31.2 Grey, medium sand-tempered Early Formative Transitional types: 320.1 Grey, weathered/eroded Protoclassic to Early Classic ** 320.2 Grey, weathered/eroded, red slip Protoclassic to Early Classic ** 41. Fine Orange (Naranja Fina) 41.1 Fine Orange Late Classic 41.2 Fine Orange, dark core Late Classic Transitional types: 420.1 Orange, weathered/eroded Protoclassic to Early Classic ** 420.2 Orange, weathered/eroded, red slip Protoclassic to Early Classic ** 51. Fine Cream (Crema Fina) 51.1 Cream, fine temper Late Classic 51.2 Cream, medium temper N/A 61. Coarse Brown (Café Burdo) Domestic 61.1 Coarse Brown, mica temper N/A 61.2 Coarse Brown, smoothed, medium temper N/A 61.3 Coarse Brown, medium-to-coarse paste N/A 71. Coarse Orange (Naranjo Burdo) Domestic 71.1 Coarse Orange, medium quartz temper, grey core N/A 71.2 Coarse Orange, medium volcanic ash temper, grey core N/A 71.3 Coarse Orange, medium volcanic ash temper, orange-red core N/A 71.4 Coarse Orange, medium quartz temper, cream-to-red paste N/A 71.5 Coarse Orange, w/coarse quartz temper N/A 71.6 Raked or Scraped surface (rastriado) N/A 71.7 Tecomates Early to Middle Formative 71.8 Coarse Orange, medium quartz temper, Smoothed, light grey-to-orange-cream core N/A 71.9 Smoothed Orange, medium quartz temper, porous N/A 71.10 Coarse Orange, irregular quartz temper, dark grey to dark reddish-brown core N/A 81. Red Paste (Pasta Roja) 81.1 Red Paste, fine Protoclassic to Early Classic** 81.2 Red Paste, dark core Protoclassic to Early Classic** 81.3 Red Paste, coarse N/A 81.4 Red Paste, medium Protoclassic to Early Classic** 81.5 Red Paste, white slip Protoclassic to Early Classic** * N/A types are unknown temporally or are considered domestic and not diagnostic. ** Indicates type’s chronology remains tentative. 403
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An Unexplored Realm in the Heartlan
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“Note to Reader” The original o
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Confederacy Model 39 Feudalistic Mo
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Elemental Analysis of the Soils fro
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The Initial Occupation of El Marque
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List of Tables Table 5.1. Ceramic C
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Figure 3.14. Plan view of the Olmec
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Figure 5.7. Site map illustrating l
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Figure 5.53. El Marquesillo throne
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the resulting data do not fit many
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Furtherance of my academic career w
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Introduction Chapter 1. Archaeology
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esearch being conducted along the S
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its introduction to Mesoamerican ar
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participants. It is especially crit
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interpretations. Finally, I compare
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analogy (Diehl 1989:25; VanDerwarke
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change, fluctuates according to “
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embedded misconceptions about these
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The “Heartland” has been deline
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than a century after their occurren
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inference as opposed to evidence. T
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Sanders and Webster (1988:544) argu
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Park (1992:90) presents the Olmec a
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lowland subsistence economy until a
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Maya are lineal descendents of the
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continued to inhibit scientific inq
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describes this attempted conformanc
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The models used for evaluation of t
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number of archaeological correlates
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Confederacy Model Pool (2000:150;20
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Limitations and Cautions in the Use
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Lorenzo is considered the earliest
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Several lines of evidence suggest a
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turn, gave budding Olmec leaders co
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apid growth of settlements and thei
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techniques (Berger et al. 1967; Hei
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appear to characterize it as a “c
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iconographic detail, and appear to
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Formative period Southern Gulf Lowl
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Medellín-Zeníl (1960) found large
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de Agua, and the famous, iconograph
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egarding subsistence, settlement, p
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Introduction Chapter 3. El Marquesi
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300-900). Historical documentation
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The features of the San Juan are ch
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Figure 3.4. Aerial photograph of El
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At each of these three points of co
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El Marquesillo’s geographic locat
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of the location for more than 3,500
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The extensive Villa Alta architectu
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of constructions. This formal archi
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To achieve and maintain this elevat
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Figure 3.11. Map of the Southern Gu
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Teotihuacán and Aztec trade routes
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land was not in the form of gold an
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Huaspaltepec (Playa Vicente), betwe
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as listed in these records, include
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community members had to work the l
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The 1944 flood was a momentous even
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of ancient structures, including Ce
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to recover as much information as p
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Figure 3.17. Photograph of El Seño
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collection along the cut bank was a
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its termination line (Borstein 2001
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Figure 3.18. Illustration of San Lo
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is seated transitionally between th
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Introduction Chapter 4. El Marquesi
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Grove 1997; Tolstoy 1989). Landscap
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Determination of the Survey Area Th
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Surface Mapping and Terrain Modelin
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Global Positioning System (GPS) Map
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Figure 4.4. Map of El Marquesillo g
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have the potential to record points
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The topographic images and terrain
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Figure 4.8. Digital Terrain Model o
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Figure 4.11. View to the east of lo
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The western third of the platform h
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Figure 4.15. Elevated view of Field
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Figure 4.17. Topographic map of El
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Figure 4.19. Northwest view of spri
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Information Systems (GIS) approach
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Figure 4.21. Illustration of docume
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Magnetic Properties of Basalt The m
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Magnetic Data Collection, Condition
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The magnetometer was set to the bas
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Figure 4.23. Topographical base map
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of basalt, but instead, a body of s
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Figure 4.25. Topographic contour ma
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mercuric sulfide in the soil. There
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Coyote, Honduras (Terry et al. 2000
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intersection on the numbered rows a
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The results were reported in parts
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Figure 4.28b. Box plot summaries of
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Elemental Analysis of the Soils fro
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Summary of the Soil Analyses When t
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Figure 4.31a. Potassium distributio
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estriction prohibiting further exca
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The average depth of any observed a
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Figure 5.7. Site map illustrating l
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Figure 5.8. River cut profile 1A Le
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Figure 5.9. River cut profile 1B in
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Figure 5.10. River cut profile 2A L
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Figure 5.11. River cut profile 6B o
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Formative to Protoclassic ceramics
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fabrication methods, technologies,
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some of the Formative period wares
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The San Lorenzo Olmec Period (c. 11
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Figure 5.19. Examples of Middle For
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The Late Classic Period (c. AD 550-
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English annular ware (c. AD 1785-18
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Ceramic Collection Areas The identi
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Figure 5.26. Distribution of cerami
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Formative period accounted for 785
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The survey was conducted along the
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Figure 5.29. Diagram of Olmec thron
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Figure 5.30. Map illustrating the l
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Late Formative (263), Protoclassic
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demonstrates an analogous situation
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Offering I Figure 5.32. Locations o
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Figure 5.34. Offering I is at the c
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Figure 5.36. Two reconstructed plat
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crescent with its concave and conve
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The two figurine types are common t
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vessels that were deposited into a
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Figure 5.45. Two of three similar s
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Obsidian and Lithic Analyses The Ob
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Throne Units Test Units Offerings I
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inhabitants from other sites, or in
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Figure 5.50. Examples of stones tho
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Figure 5.51. El Marquesillo throne
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accomplished through violent blows
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Figure 5.56. Close-up of the figure
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Figure 5.58. Illustration of magnet
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Modifications to this pattern occur
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class occurred only in the presence
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appearance of ceramics occurred dur
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series of interrelated residential,
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The Early Formative period appearan
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Evidence of these constructions is
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and the excavated pit is not known,
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For the Gulf Olmec, monumental exhi
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precisely. This method would also m
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An earlier discussion suggested sty
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approximately 100 cm to 120 cm belo
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Nevertheless, the structural design
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discussion about the antiquity of t
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6.3). At La Venta equivalent basalt
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shamanistic ritual and rulership (F
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elevation provides an excellent ove
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further support to the idea that El
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Also contributing to the ceramic pr
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Another possible basalt deposition
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off is dramatic to say the least. T
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direction, a series of hills approx
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Finally, the selection and investig
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a metaphor for the movements of the
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plaza complex is also oriented to p
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the traditional communal ideology.
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where new diagnostic ceramic types
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Understanding of the early Postclas
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ceramics probably arrived at the en
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investigation before the direction
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Marquesillo, past and present. Fitt
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Through the integration of a sequen
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experienced an upward trend in popu
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prehispanic occupation would have b
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Assmann (2006) argues that prehisto
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1997:288). These changes in residen
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structures that could provide long-
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Analysis of these three components
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Early architectural units, specific
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activities and that these activitie
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political structure. Was it an inde
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subordinate to a nearby primary cen
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Explanation of Spatial Organization
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conjunction with other forms of arc
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Mesoamerican worldviews (Vogt 1981:
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Expanding the Boundaries and a Look
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to illustrate their power and wealt
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emains is striking. This disproport
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the earliest detectable occupation
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and Uxpanapa River Basins, I wonder
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Arnaiz-Villena, A., G. Vargas-Alarc
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Bassie, K. 2006 The Fire and Water
Page 371 and 372:
Blake, M. and J. E. Clark 1999 The
Page 373 and 374: Butler, R. F. 1992 Paleomagnetism:
Page 375 and 376: 2001 Gulf Lowlands: South Region. I
Page 377 and 378: Coe, M. D., D. Snow and E. Benson 1
Page 379 and 380: 2003 Laguna de los Cerros: Una Capi
Page 381 and 382: 2003 Analysis of Formative Period O
Page 383 and 384: Elachi, C. 1987 Introduction to the
Page 385 and 386: Foster, G. M. 1940 Notes on the Pop
Page 387 and 388: 2001 La Venta, Tabasco, Mexico. In
Page 389 and 390: Halbwachs, M. 1992 On Collective Me
Page 391 and 392: Hester, T. R., H. J. Shafer and K.
Page 393 and 394: Johnston, K. J. and N. Gonlin 1998
Page 395 and 396: Kruger, R. P. 1996 An Archaeologica
Page 397 and 398: Madry, S. L. H. 1987 A Multiscalar
Page 399 and 400: Middleton, W. D. 2004 Identifying C
Page 401 and 402: Ortíz, P. 1975 La Ceramica de los
Page 403 and 404: Plog, S. 1990 Agriculture, Sedentis
Page 405 and 406: Rapoport, A. 1990 History and Prece
Page 407 and 408: Rueda, H. G. 1989 Nuevas Exploracio
Page 409 and 410: Santley, R. S., S. A. Nelson, B. K.
Page 411 and 412: 1989 Olmec Studies: A Status Report
Page 413 and 414: Stark, B. L. and P. J. Arnold 1997
Page 415 and 416: Tarling, D. H. 1983 Geomagnetism. C
Page 417 and 418: Tykot, R. H. 2004 Stable Isotopes a
Page 419 and 420: Wallerstein, I. 1974 The Modern Wor
Page 421 and 422: 2003 The Role of Kinship and Demogr
Page 423: Appendix 1a. Ceramic Analysis: Type
Page 427 and 428: Appendix 2. Ceramic Types and Count
Page 445 and 446: Appendix 2 Ceramic Types and Counts
Page 457 and 458: Appendix 3a. Obsidian from Test Uni
Page 459 and 460: Appendix 3b. Obsidian from Throne E
Page 461 and 462: Appendix 4a. Lithics from Surface C
Page 463 and 464: Appendix 4b. Lithics from River Cut
Page 465 and 466: Appendix 5a. Soil Survey I Element
Page 467 and 468: Appendix 5a. Soil Survey I Element
Page 469 and 470: Appendix 5b. Soil Survey II Element
Page 471 and 472: Appendix 5b. Soil Survey II Element
Page 473: About the Author Travis F. Doering
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An Unexplored Realm in the Heartland of the Southern Gulf ... - Famsi

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