An Unexplored Realm in the Heartland of the Southern Gulf ... - Famsi

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OFFERING I Offering II Appendix 3c. Obsidian from Offerings I and II CAT # LEVEL CAPA SOURCE BLADES FLAKE BIPOLAR QUANTITY PROXIMAL MEDIAL DISTAL 339 100-110 II GV 2 2 309 80-90 I-A GV 1 1 28 100-110 II GV 1 1 650 190-200 N/A GV 1 1 306 60-70 I GV 2 2 629 170-180 N/A GV 1 1 606 150-160 V GV 1 1 271 90-100 II GV 1 1 376 150-160 V GV 1 1 Totals 0 1 0 8 2 11 651 210-220 INTRU GV 1 1 324 150-160 II-BS ZAR 1 1 307 150-160 BAJO II GV 1 1 195 110-120 BAJO II GV 1 1 Totals 1 1 0 2 0 4 438
Appendix 4a. Lithics from Surface Collection. UNIT LENGTH WIDTH HEIGHT DESCRIPTION N1 W4 9.25 8.5 7 Large base/foot of metate? N1 W6 11 7 3.75 Mano end fragment N4 W3 9.5 8.25 6 Mano fragment N4 W4 7.5 5.5 4.5 Metate fragment N4 W4 5.5 5.5 4 Metate fragment with base/foot N4 W4 8.5 10 6 Metate fragment N4 W4 13.5 10 11.75 Metate fragment , multiple ground planes N6 W9 12 11 8 Basalt chunk, rounded on edge N7 W3 8.5 8 5.5 Metate edge fragment N7 W5 10.5 6.5 7 Basalt chunk, rounded on edge N9 W1 5 3.5 3.25 Fine stone, ground on both sides N9 W3 6.75 2.75 1.5 Mano fragment N9 W3 4.5 4 3.25 Basalt fragment N9 W3 5 2.5 2 Basalt fragment N9 W3 4 2 1.5 Basalt fragment N9 W3 3 2.75 3.5 Basalt fragment, one side ground N9 W4 5 4 3 Possible metate fragment N9 W4 5 4 2.25 Basalt fragment N9 W4 6 3.5 2.5 Possible mano fragment N9 W5 55 5 2 Mano fragment N9 W5 6 5 5.5 Mano fragment N9 W6 4 3 3.75 Basalt chunk, one side ground N10 W 2 6.5 4 5 Basalt fragment N10 W 2 4 3 3 River cobble, polished flst on two sides N10 W1 13.25 8.25 6.25 Metate edge fragment Metate fragment, 3 overlapping holes in work N10 W3 6.75 6.5 4.5 surface N10 W3 2.25 2 2 Basalt fragment N10 W3 3.5 3 3 Basalt fragment N10 W4 6 4.5 4 Metate fragment N10 W4 6 5 3 Metate fragment N10 W4 3.75 5.25 2.25 Basalt fragment N10 W4 6 3.5 2.25 Basalt fragment N10 W4 4.5 3 2 Basalt fragment N10 W4 6 4.75 4 Metate fragment? N10 W5 7.5 6.5 4 Mano fragment N10 W5 6.75 6 3 Metate fragment? N10 W5 4.75 4 4 Metate fragment? N10 W5 6.75 6 3.25 Metate fragment? N10 W5 Burned clay N10 W9 4.25 3.25 2.5 Polishing stone, basalt N10 W9 5.5 3.5 4 Basalt chunk N11 W1 12 11 9.5 Basalt chunk N11 W2 7.5 5 2.75 Metate fragment? N11 W2 Burned clay N11 W4 11.5 5 5.5 Basalt fragment, curved edge N11 W4 8.5 6.5 5.5 Fine-grained metate fragment N11 W6 3.75 3.5 3 Basalt fragment N12 W1 17.5 15 9 Basalt chunk, multiple grooves ground at angles 439
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An Unexplored Realm in the Heartlan
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“Note to Reader” The original o
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Confederacy Model 39 Feudalistic Mo
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Elemental Analysis of the Soils fro
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The Initial Occupation of El Marque
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List of Tables Table 5.1. Ceramic C
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Figure 3.14. Plan view of the Olmec
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Figure 5.7. Site map illustrating l
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Figure 5.53. El Marquesillo throne
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the resulting data do not fit many
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Furtherance of my academic career w
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Introduction Chapter 1. Archaeology
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esearch being conducted along the S
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its introduction to Mesoamerican ar
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participants. It is especially crit
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interpretations. Finally, I compare
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analogy (Diehl 1989:25; VanDerwarke
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change, fluctuates according to “
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embedded misconceptions about these
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The “Heartland” has been deline
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than a century after their occurren
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inference as opposed to evidence. T
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Sanders and Webster (1988:544) argu
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Park (1992:90) presents the Olmec a
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lowland subsistence economy until a
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Maya are lineal descendents of the
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continued to inhibit scientific inq
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describes this attempted conformanc
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The models used for evaluation of t
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number of archaeological correlates
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Confederacy Model Pool (2000:150;20
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Limitations and Cautions in the Use
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Lorenzo is considered the earliest
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Several lines of evidence suggest a
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turn, gave budding Olmec leaders co
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apid growth of settlements and thei
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techniques (Berger et al. 1967; Hei
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appear to characterize it as a “c
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iconographic detail, and appear to
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Formative period Southern Gulf Lowl
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Medellín-Zeníl (1960) found large
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de Agua, and the famous, iconograph
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egarding subsistence, settlement, p
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Introduction Chapter 3. El Marquesi
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300-900). Historical documentation
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The features of the San Juan are ch
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Figure 3.4. Aerial photograph of El
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At each of these three points of co
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El Marquesillo’s geographic locat
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of the location for more than 3,500
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The extensive Villa Alta architectu
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of constructions. This formal archi
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To achieve and maintain this elevat
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Figure 3.11. Map of the Southern Gu
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Teotihuacán and Aztec trade routes
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land was not in the form of gold an
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Huaspaltepec (Playa Vicente), betwe
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as listed in these records, include
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community members had to work the l
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The 1944 flood was a momentous even
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of ancient structures, including Ce
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to recover as much information as p
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Figure 3.17. Photograph of El Seño
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collection along the cut bank was a
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its termination line (Borstein 2001
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Figure 3.18. Illustration of San Lo
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is seated transitionally between th
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Introduction Chapter 4. El Marquesi
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Grove 1997; Tolstoy 1989). Landscap
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Determination of the Survey Area Th
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Surface Mapping and Terrain Modelin
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Global Positioning System (GPS) Map
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Figure 4.4. Map of El Marquesillo g
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have the potential to record points
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The topographic images and terrain
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Figure 4.8. Digital Terrain Model o
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Figure 4.11. View to the east of lo
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The western third of the platform h
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Figure 4.15. Elevated view of Field
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Figure 4.17. Topographic map of El
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Figure 4.19. Northwest view of spri
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Information Systems (GIS) approach
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Figure 4.21. Illustration of docume
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Magnetic Properties of Basalt The m
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Magnetic Data Collection, Condition
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The magnetometer was set to the bas
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Figure 4.23. Topographical base map
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of basalt, but instead, a body of s
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Figure 4.25. Topographic contour ma
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mercuric sulfide in the soil. There
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Coyote, Honduras (Terry et al. 2000
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intersection on the numbered rows a
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The results were reported in parts
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Figure 4.28b. Box plot summaries of
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Elemental Analysis of the Soils fro
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Summary of the Soil Analyses When t
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Figure 4.31a. Potassium distributio
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estriction prohibiting further exca
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The average depth of any observed a
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Figure 5.7. Site map illustrating l
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Figure 5.8. River cut profile 1A Le
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Figure 5.9. River cut profile 1B in
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Figure 5.10. River cut profile 2A L
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Figure 5.11. River cut profile 6B o
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Formative to Protoclassic ceramics
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fabrication methods, technologies,
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some of the Formative period wares
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The San Lorenzo Olmec Period (c. 11
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Figure 5.19. Examples of Middle For
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The Late Classic Period (c. AD 550-
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English annular ware (c. AD 1785-18
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Ceramic Collection Areas The identi
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Figure 5.26. Distribution of cerami
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Formative period accounted for 785
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The survey was conducted along the
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Figure 5.29. Diagram of Olmec thron
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Figure 5.30. Map illustrating the l
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Late Formative (263), Protoclassic
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demonstrates an analogous situation
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Offering I Figure 5.32. Locations o
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Figure 5.34. Offering I is at the c
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Figure 5.36. Two reconstructed plat
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crescent with its concave and conve
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The two figurine types are common t
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vessels that were deposited into a
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Figure 5.45. Two of three similar s
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Obsidian and Lithic Analyses The Ob
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Throne Units Test Units Offerings I
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inhabitants from other sites, or in
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Figure 5.50. Examples of stones tho
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Figure 5.51. El Marquesillo throne
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accomplished through violent blows
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Figure 5.56. Close-up of the figure
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Figure 5.58. Illustration of magnet
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Modifications to this pattern occur
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class occurred only in the presence
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appearance of ceramics occurred dur
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series of interrelated residential,
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The Early Formative period appearan
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Evidence of these constructions is
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and the excavated pit is not known,
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For the Gulf Olmec, monumental exhi
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precisely. This method would also m
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An earlier discussion suggested sty
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approximately 100 cm to 120 cm belo
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Nevertheless, the structural design
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discussion about the antiquity of t
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6.3). At La Venta equivalent basalt
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shamanistic ritual and rulership (F
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elevation provides an excellent ove
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further support to the idea that El
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Also contributing to the ceramic pr
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Another possible basalt deposition
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off is dramatic to say the least. T
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direction, a series of hills approx
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Finally, the selection and investig
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a metaphor for the movements of the
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plaza complex is also oriented to p
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the traditional communal ideology.
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where new diagnostic ceramic types
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Understanding of the early Postclas
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ceramics probably arrived at the en
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investigation before the direction
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Marquesillo, past and present. Fitt
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Through the integration of a sequen
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experienced an upward trend in popu
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prehispanic occupation would have b
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Assmann (2006) argues that prehisto
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1997:288). These changes in residen
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structures that could provide long-
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Analysis of these three components
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Early architectural units, specific
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activities and that these activitie
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political structure. Was it an inde
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subordinate to a nearby primary cen
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Explanation of Spatial Organization
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conjunction with other forms of arc
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Mesoamerican worldviews (Vogt 1981:
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Expanding the Boundaries and a Look
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to illustrate their power and wealt
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emains is striking. This disproport
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the earliest detectable occupation
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and Uxpanapa River Basins, I wonder
Page 367 and 368:
Arnaiz-Villena, A., G. Vargas-Alarc
Page 369 and 370:
Bassie, K. 2006 The Fire and Water
Page 371 and 372:
Blake, M. and J. E. Clark 1999 The
Page 373 and 374:
Butler, R. F. 1992 Paleomagnetism:
Page 375 and 376:
2001 Gulf Lowlands: South Region. I
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Coe, M. D., D. Snow and E. Benson 1
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2003 Laguna de los Cerros: Una Capi
Page 381 and 382:
2003 Analysis of Formative Period O
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Elachi, C. 1987 Introduction to the
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Foster, G. M. 1940 Notes on the Pop
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2001 La Venta, Tabasco, Mexico. In
Page 389 and 390:
Halbwachs, M. 1992 On Collective Me
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Hester, T. R., H. J. Shafer and K.
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Johnston, K. J. and N. Gonlin 1998
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Kruger, R. P. 1996 An Archaeologica
Page 397 and 398:
Madry, S. L. H. 1987 A Multiscalar
Page 399 and 400:
Middleton, W. D. 2004 Identifying C
Page 401 and 402:
Ortíz, P. 1975 La Ceramica de los
Page 403 and 404:
Plog, S. 1990 Agriculture, Sedentis
Page 405 and 406:
Rapoport, A. 1990 History and Prece
Page 407 and 408:
Rueda, H. G. 1989 Nuevas Exploracio
Page 409 and 410: Santley, R. S., S. A. Nelson, B. K.
Page 411 and 412: 1989 Olmec Studies: A Status Report
Page 413 and 414: Stark, B. L. and P. J. Arnold 1997
Page 415 and 416: Tarling, D. H. 1983 Geomagnetism. C
Page 417 and 418: Tykot, R. H. 2004 Stable Isotopes a
Page 419 and 420: Wallerstein, I. 1974 The Modern Wor
Page 421 and 422: 2003 The Role of Kinship and Demogr
Page 423 and 424: Appendix 1a. Ceramic Analysis: Type
Page 425 and 426: Appendix 1b. Ceramic Analysis: Type
Page 427 and 428: Appendix 2. Ceramic Types and Count
Page 445 and 446: Appendix 2 Ceramic Types and Counts
Page 457 and 458: Appendix 3a. Obsidian from Test Uni
Page 459: Appendix 3b. Obsidian from Throne E
Page 463 and 464: Appendix 4b. Lithics from River Cut
Page 465 and 466: Appendix 5a. Soil Survey I Element
Page 467 and 468: Appendix 5a. Soil Survey I Element
Page 469 and 470: Appendix 5b. Soil Survey II Element
Page 471 and 472: Appendix 5b. Soil Survey II Element
Page 473: About the Author Travis F. Doering
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