An Unexplored Realm in the Heartland of the Southern Gulf ... - Famsi

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Appendix 2. Ceramic Types and Counts (Cont<strong>in</strong>ued). THRONE RECOVERY EXCAVATION UNITS UNIT N7W2 TYPE 3101 3102 3103 3104 4101 4102 4103 4104 4105 5101 5102 LEVEL Depth (cm) I 40-50 1 5 1 50-60 3 60-70 1 2 7 1 70-80 3 14 4 80-90 4 8 7 11 5 II 90-100 3 3 7 3 100-110 1 5 1 III 110-120 4 3 11 120-130 140-150 UNIT N9W3 Ia 50-60 1 60-70 4 70-80 4 4 1 8 80-90 2 8 2 6 Ia/II Derrumbe 1 II 90-100 2 2 2 3 100-110 7 2 1 III 110-120 2 2 III 200-210 2 UNIT N8W3 I 40-50 1 1 50-60 4 1 7 60-70 1 1 3 70-80 2 10 12 10 7 80-90 7 5 7 II 90-100 11 1 3 3 100-110 3 2 3 5 110-120 1 3 10 1 III 120-130 2 18 130140 2 11 1 140-150 15 140-150 2 4 III/IV 150-160 1 14 160-170 13 170-180 V 180-190 5 IV 190-200 4 200-210 1 210-220 1 UNIT N9W1 I 60-70 3 II 60-70 2 70-80 1 7 Ia 80-90 1 16 19 Ia/II 90-100 5 2 12 12 II 100-110 7 3 7 2 110-120 4 5 7 2 UNIT N8W2 I 50-60 2 2 60-70 8 70-80 6 3 3 Ia 80-90 2 6 19 6 Ia/II 90-100 5 11 10 3 10 2 II 100-110 3 4 2 2 2 UNIT N9W2 II 60-70 1 2 2 1 Ia 70-80 2 1 II 80-90 2 18 410
Appendix 2. Ceramic Types and Counts (Cont<strong>in</strong>ued). THRONE RECOVERY EXCAVATION UNITS UNIT N7W2 TYPE 5103 6101 6102 6103 6104 6105 6106 7101 7102 7103 7104 LEVEL Depth (cm) I 40-50 2 18 1 50-60 1 25 60-70 1 27 2 70-80 6 2 56 1 80-90 8 18 66 10 II 90-100 6 4 31 19 100-110 4 10 2 III 110-120 3 1 15 11 120-130 3 1 140-150 1 UNIT N9W3 Ia 50-60 5 4 60-70 4 1 70-80 11 1 10 80-90 41 3 25 10 1 Ia/II Derrumbe 3 4 II 90-100 7 1 10 2 100-110 5 4 2 III 110-120 3 1 1 3 1 III 200-210 1 1 UNIT N8W3 I 40-50 4 50-60 2 22 2 60-70 3 19 1 70-80 21 2 87 7 1 80-90 1 21 3 II 90-100 2 47 13 100-110 5 10 50 11 110-120 1 1 14 7 III 120-130 6 4 130140 20 1 24 15 140-150 2 7 1 140-150 6 4 III/IV 150-160 6 5 1 160-170 1 4 2 170-180 1 V 180-190 2 1 IV 190-200 1 200-210 1 1 8 1 210-220 1 2 UNIT N9W1 I 60-70 3 25 1 II 60-70 8 2 70-80 8 30 Ia 80-90 3 96 2 Ia/II 90-100 12 89 9 II 100-110 4 77 2 110-120 16 99 6 UNIT N8W2 I 50-60 1 5 60-70 15 2 70-80 11 Ia 80-90 9 1 67 Ia/II 90-100 17 2 100 14 2 II 100-110 1 16 3 61 8 3 UNIT N9W2 II 60-70 28 Ia 70-80 5 3 II 80-90 70 1 411
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An Unexplored Realm in the Heartlan
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“Note to Reader” The original o
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Confederacy Model 39 Feudalistic Mo
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Elemental Analysis of the Soils fro
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The Initial Occupation of El Marque
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List of Tables Table 5.1. Ceramic C
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Figure 3.14. Plan view of the Olmec
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Figure 5.7. Site map illustrating l
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Figure 5.53. El Marquesillo throne
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the resulting data do not fit many
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Furtherance of my academic career w
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Introduction Chapter 1. Archaeology
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esearch being conducted along the S
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its introduction to Mesoamerican ar
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participants. It is especially crit
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interpretations. Finally, I compare
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analogy (Diehl 1989:25; VanDerwarke
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change, fluctuates according to “
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embedded misconceptions about these
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The “Heartland” has been deline
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than a century after their occurren
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inference as opposed to evidence. T
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Sanders and Webster (1988:544) argu
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Park (1992:90) presents the Olmec a
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lowland subsistence economy until a
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Maya are lineal descendents of the
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continued to inhibit scientific inq
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describes this attempted conformanc
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The models used for evaluation of t
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number of archaeological correlates
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Confederacy Model Pool (2000:150;20
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Limitations and Cautions in the Use
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Lorenzo is considered the earliest
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Several lines of evidence suggest a
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turn, gave budding Olmec leaders co
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apid growth of settlements and thei
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techniques (Berger et al. 1967; Hei
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appear to characterize it as a “c
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iconographic detail, and appear to
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Formative period Southern Gulf Lowl
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Medellín-Zeníl (1960) found large
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de Agua, and the famous, iconograph
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egarding subsistence, settlement, p
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Introduction Chapter 3. El Marquesi
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300-900). Historical documentation
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The features of the San Juan are ch
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Figure 3.4. Aerial photograph of El
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At each of these three points of co
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El Marquesillo’s geographic locat
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of the location for more than 3,500
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The extensive Villa Alta architectu
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of constructions. This formal archi
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To achieve and maintain this elevat
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Figure 3.11. Map of the Southern Gu
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Teotihuacán and Aztec trade routes
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land was not in the form of gold an
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Huaspaltepec (Playa Vicente), betwe
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as listed in these records, include
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community members had to work the l
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The 1944 flood was a momentous even
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of ancient structures, including Ce
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to recover as much information as p
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Figure 3.17. Photograph of El Seño
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collection along the cut bank was a
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its termination line (Borstein 2001
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Figure 3.18. Illustration of San Lo
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is seated transitionally between th
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Introduction Chapter 4. El Marquesi
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Grove 1997; Tolstoy 1989). Landscap
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Determination of the Survey Area Th
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Surface Mapping and Terrain Modelin
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Global Positioning System (GPS) Map
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Figure 4.4. Map of El Marquesillo g
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have the potential to record points
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The topographic images and terrain
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Figure 4.8. Digital Terrain Model o
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Figure 4.11. View to the east of lo
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The western third of the platform h
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Figure 4.15. Elevated view of Field
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Figure 4.17. Topographic map of El
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Figure 4.19. Northwest view of spri
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Information Systems (GIS) approach
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Figure 4.21. Illustration of docume
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Magnetic Properties of Basalt The m
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Magnetic Data Collection, Condition
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The magnetometer was set to the bas
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Figure 4.23. Topographical base map
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of basalt, but instead, a body of s
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Figure 4.25. Topographic contour ma
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mercuric sulfide in the soil. There
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Coyote, Honduras (Terry et al. 2000
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intersection on the numbered rows a
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The results were reported in parts
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Figure 4.28b. Box plot summaries of
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Elemental Analysis of the Soils fro
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Summary of the Soil Analyses When t
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Figure 4.31a. Potassium distributio
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estriction prohibiting further exca
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The average depth of any observed a
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Figure 5.7. Site map illustrating l
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Figure 5.8. River cut profile 1A Le
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Figure 5.9. River cut profile 1B in
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Figure 5.10. River cut profile 2A L
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Figure 5.11. River cut profile 6B o
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Formative to Protoclassic ceramics
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fabrication methods, technologies,
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some of the Formative period wares
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The San Lorenzo Olmec Period (c. 11
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Figure 5.19. Examples of Middle For
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The Late Classic Period (c. AD 550-
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English annular ware (c. AD 1785-18
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Ceramic Collection Areas The identi
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Figure 5.26. Distribution of cerami
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Formative period accounted for 785
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The survey was conducted along the
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Figure 5.29. Diagram of Olmec thron
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Figure 5.30. Map illustrating the l
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Late Formative (263), Protoclassic
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demonstrates an analogous situation
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Offering I Figure 5.32. Locations o
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Figure 5.34. Offering I is at the c
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Figure 5.36. Two reconstructed plat
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crescent with its concave and conve
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The two figurine types are common t
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vessels that were deposited into a
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Figure 5.45. Two of three similar s
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Obsidian and Lithic Analyses The Ob
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Throne Units Test Units Offerings I
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inhabitants from other sites, or in
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Figure 5.50. Examples of stones tho
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Figure 5.51. El Marquesillo throne
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accomplished through violent blows
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Figure 5.56. Close-up of the figure
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Figure 5.58. Illustration of magnet
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Modifications to this pattern occur
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class occurred only in the presence
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appearance of ceramics occurred dur
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series of interrelated residential,
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The Early Formative period appearan
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Evidence of these constructions is
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and the excavated pit is not known,
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For the Gulf Olmec, monumental exhi
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precisely. This method would also m
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An earlier discussion suggested sty
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approximately 100 cm to 120 cm belo
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Nevertheless, the structural design
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discussion about the antiquity of t
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6.3). At La Venta equivalent basalt
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shamanistic ritual and rulership (F
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elevation provides an excellent ove
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further support to the idea that El
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Also contributing to the ceramic pr
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Another possible basalt deposition
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off is dramatic to say the least. T
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direction, a series of hills approx
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Finally, the selection and investig
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a metaphor for the movements of the
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plaza complex is also oriented to p
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the traditional communal ideology.
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where new diagnostic ceramic types
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Understanding of the early Postclas
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ceramics probably arrived at the en
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investigation before the direction
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Marquesillo, past and present. Fitt
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Through the integration of a sequen
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experienced an upward trend in popu
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prehispanic occupation would have b
Page 335 and 336:
Assmann (2006) argues that prehisto
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1997:288). These changes in residen
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structures that could provide long-
Page 341 and 342:
Analysis of these three components
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Early architectural units, specific
Page 345 and 346:
activities and that these activitie
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political structure. Was it an inde
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subordinate to a nearby primary cen
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Explanation of Spatial Organization
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conjunction with other forms of arc
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Mesoamerican worldviews (Vogt 1981:
Page 357 and 358:
Expanding the Boundaries and a Look
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to illustrate their power and wealt
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emains is striking. This disproport
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the earliest detectable occupation
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and Uxpanapa River Basins, I wonder
Page 367 and 368:
Arnaiz-Villena, A., G. Vargas-Alarc
Page 369 and 370:
Bassie, K. 2006 The Fire and Water
Page 371 and 372:
Blake, M. and J. E. Clark 1999 The
Page 373 and 374:
Butler, R. F. 1992 Paleomagnetism:
Page 375 and 376:
2001 Gulf Lowlands: South Region. I
Page 377 and 378:
Coe, M. D., D. Snow and E. Benson 1
Page 379 and 380:
2003 Laguna de los Cerros: Una Capi
Page 381 and 382: 2003 Analysis of Formative Period O
Page 383 and 384: Elachi, C. 1987 Introduction to the
Page 385 and 386: Foster, G. M. 1940 Notes on the Pop
Page 387 and 388: 2001 La Venta, Tabasco, Mexico. In
Page 389 and 390: Halbwachs, M. 1992 On Collective Me
Page 391 and 392: Hester, T. R., H. J. Shafer and K.
Page 393 and 394: Johnston, K. J. and N. Gonlin 1998
Page 395 and 396: Kruger, R. P. 1996 An Archaeologica
Page 397 and 398: Madry, S. L. H. 1987 A Multiscalar
Page 399 and 400: Middleton, W. D. 2004 Identifying C
Page 401 and 402: Ortíz, P. 1975 La Ceramica de los
Page 403 and 404: Plog, S. 1990 Agriculture, Sedentis
Page 405 and 406: Rapoport, A. 1990 History and Prece
Page 407 and 408: Rueda, H. G. 1989 Nuevas Exploracio
Page 409 and 410: Santley, R. S., S. A. Nelson, B. K.
Page 411 and 412: 1989 Olmec Studies: A Status Report
Page 413 and 414: Stark, B. L. and P. J. Arnold 1997
Page 415 and 416: Tarling, D. H. 1983 Geomagnetism. C
Page 417 and 418: Tykot, R. H. 2004 Stable Isotopes a
Page 419 and 420: Wallerstein, I. 1974 The Modern Wor
Page 421 and 422: 2003 The Role of Kinship and Demogr
Page 423 and 424: Appendix 1a. Ceramic Analysis: Type
Page 425 and 426: Appendix 1b. Ceramic Analysis: Type
Page 427 and 428: Appendix 2. Ceramic Types and Count
Page 431: Appendix 2. Ceramic Types and Count
Page 445 and 446: Appendix 2 Ceramic Types and Counts
Page 457 and 458: Appendix 3a. Obsidian from Test Uni
Page 459 and 460: Appendix 3b. Obsidian from Throne E
Page 461 and 462: Appendix 4a. Lithics from Surface C
Page 463 and 464: Appendix 4b. Lithics from River Cut
Page 465 and 466: Appendix 5a. Soil Survey I Element
Page 467 and 468: Appendix 5a. Soil Survey I Element
Page 469 and 470: Appendix 5b. Soil Survey II Element
Page 471 and 472: Appendix 5b. Soil Survey II Element
Page 473: About the Author Travis F. Doering
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