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J. GRAF, T. KUES, C. MATTOGNO, SOBIBÓR 239 “For the building projects within ‘Generalplan Ost’ Meyer estimated a need for at least 850,000 workers over the first five years, with 400,000 of them assigned to the settlement areas in the occupied Soviet Union. Over the following five years there was still a need for 580,000 men, with 130,000 of them being employed in the new ‘eastern region.’” In order to furnish the required manpower, Himmler ordered the construction of a concentration camp at Lublin in July of 1941 for 25,000 to 50,000 unspecified detainees. When the initial military successes in the war against the Soviet Union supplied the Germans with a large number of prisoners, Himmler decided to use them for the projects and thus ordered a prisoner of war camp to be built at Lublin, the first plan of which dates from 7 October 1941. 686 The man in charge of this task was SS-Oberführer Hans Kammler, head of Amt II – Bauten (Dept. II, Constructions) within SS-Hauptamt Haushalt und Bauten (SS Main Office for Budget and Constructions). On 1 st February 1942, SS-Wirtschafts- und Verwaltungshauptamt was set up, absorbing Hauptamt Verwaltung und Wirtschaft and Hauptamt Haushalt und Bauten, Amt II of which became Amtsgruppe C, under Kammler’s leadership. On 1 st November 1941 Kammler sent a post-dated order for the construction of the Lublin camp to the Central Construction Office of the Waffen-SS and Police in Lublin (Zentralbauleitung der Waffen-SS und Polizei): 687 “Construction order for the installation of a PoW camp at Lublin, to house 125,000 prisoners of war, is hereby given.” But the camp strength was soon raised to 150,000 prisoners. On 8 December 1941 Kammler issued the following order to the local Zentralbauleitung: 688 “In addition to the construction order of 1.11.41, I hereby issue the enlarged construction order for the installation of a PoW camp at Lublin to house a total of 150,000 PoWs and/or detainees.” A few weeks later, on 26 November, Globocnik, in his function as commissioner for the installation of SS and police agencies in the new 686 687 688 Cf. in this respect J. Graf, C. Mattogno, Concentration camp Majdanek. A Historical and Technical Study. Theses & Dissertations Press, Chicago 2003, pp. 20-24, and document 2 on p. 256. Archiwum Panstwowego Muzeum na Majdanku (Archive of the State Museum in Majdanek, subsequently quoted as APMM), Zentralbauleitung, 120, p. 8. APMM, 120, p. 11.
240 J. GRAF, T. KUES, C. MATTOGNO, SOBIBÓR eastern region, ordered the Central Construction Office at Lublin to provide for the “installation of a transit support camp for the superior head of SS and police of Russia-South (and Caucasia) at Lublin,” which comprised about 13 barracks, 11 of which were to be used for storage. 689 The camp was completed and handed over on 11 September 1942. 690 Its function was to supply the various agencies involved in construction projects in the eastern territories. A circular issued by the head of Office CV/Central Construction Inspection (Amt CV/Zentrale Bauinspektion), SS-Sturmbannführer Lenzer, dated 1 st September 1942 and concerning “SS construction agencies and construction projects in the occupied territories, especially in the eastern region,” gave instructions to split all construction work into exterior (A-Arbeiten) and interior works (B-Arbeiten) and requested the various construction groups (Baugruppen) to report by 1 st November which projects were completed in 1942 and which could be expected to be completed by 1 st April 1943. 691 The origins of the Auschwitz-Birkenau camp are part of this context and retrace faithfully the initial vagaries of the Lublin camp. Birkenau was conceived on 30 October 1941 for 125,000 prisoners to be housed in 174 barracks (Gefangenenunterkunftsbaracken) with a maximum capacity each of 744 persons, 692 but the respective construction order was also post-dated to 1 st November: 693 “Construction order for the erection of a PoW camp at Auschwitz with a capacity of 125,000 prisoners of war is hereby given.” The first drawings for the camp, the lay-out plan for the PoW camp at Auschwitz, Upper Silesia (Lageplan des Kriegsgefangenenlagers Auschwitz O.S.) of 7 and 14 October 1941 694 comprised 174 housing 689 690 691 692 693 694 Letter from the head of Zentralbauleitung at Lublin to Globocnik dated 27 January 1942. Wojewódzkie Archiwum Pastwowe w Lublinie (State Archive of the Vojvodship in Lublin, subsequently quoted as WAPL), 168, p.3. Erläuterungsbericht mit Kostenaufstellung über den Bau eines Durchgangsnachschublagers für den Höheren SS- und Polizeiführer Rußland Süd in Lublin. WAPL, 168, pp. 10-11. “Übergabe-Verhandlung für Hauptnachschublager.” WAPL, 168, p. 23. WAPL, 54, p. 13. Erläuterungsbericht zum Vorentwurf für den Neubau des Kriegsgefangenenlagers der Waffen-SS, Auschwitz O/S. and Kostenvoranschlag für den Vorentwurf des Neubaus des Kriegsgefangenenlagers der Waffen-SS Auschwitz O.S. RGVA, 502-1-233, p. 14,15 and 22. RGVA, 502-1-233, p. 11. Drawings published by Jean-Claude Pressac, Auschwitz: Technique and operation of the gas chambers, Beate-Klarsfeld-Foundation, New York 1989, pp. 185f.
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