Towards a Baltic Sea Region Strategy in Critical ... - Helsinki.fi

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CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE PROTECTION IN THE BALTIC SEA REGION Table V—1 Intersections of Nord Stream with exclusive economic zones and territorial waters in the Baltic Sea. (Nord Stream 2006a) Country EEZ (km) TW (km) Total (km) Russia 96 22 118 Finland 369 0 369 Sweden 482 0 482 Denmark 149 0 149 Germany 33 45 78 Feasibility Study Conceptual Design Detailed Design EIA & Approvals Laying Line 1 Laying Line 2 Commissioning Line 1 Commissioning Line 2 1997-1999 2005-2006 2006-2007 2006-2008 2009-2010 2010 2011-2012 2012 Figure V—3 Milestones for the NEGP-project. (Nord Stream) State of permission procedure According to the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), the Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) falls under national jurisdiction. This covers the construction and operation of pipelines (UNCLOS 1982). The consortium Nord Stream is therefore obliged to obtain all necessary permits according to the national law that applies in the EEZ crossed by the NEGP. The necessary permits demand an Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) for each of the EEZ as well as for Territorial Waters (TW) crossed by the NEGP. In addition, the construction and operation of the NEGP is subject to the “Espoo Convention on Environmental Impact Assessment in Transboundary Context”, since the construction of “large-diameter oil- and gas pipelines” is regarded to “cause a significant adverse transboundary effect” (EC EIA 1991, Annex I, no. 8). This means that all parties of the convention have to be notified about the EIA procedure to be given the opportunity to participate in the respective EIA procedures. In case of the NEGP, the parties of origin (meaning those states whose EEZ or TW are crossed by the planned pipeline and who are responsible for EIAprocedures) are Russia, Finland, Sweden, Denmark and Germany. They notified the affected parties, which are all the states of the Baltic Sea Region, about the nature of the planned measure. The affected parties indicated their desire to participate in the relevant EIA-processes. 170 NORDREGIO REPORT 2007:5
CHAPTER V: GAS Fact Box V—1 Basic and technical facts of the NEGP. Route Service platform Constructor Shareholders* Estimated investment Gas capacities Pipeline length Max. water depth Subsea pipeline from Portovaya Bay near Vyborg, Russia to the coast of Germany to Lubmin near Greifswald, Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. In the Swedish EEZ, about 48 km east of the small island of Gotska Sandön, and 68 km northeast of the main island of Gotland. The size of the service platform will be about 40 m x 30. The height of the main structure above the surface of the sea will be about 40 m. Nord Stream AG http://www.nord-stream.com OAO Gazprom (51%), Wintershall AG (24.5%), E.ON Ruhrgas AG (24.5%) min € 5 billion 55 bcm per annum (2 pipelines with 27.5 bcm capacity each) 1198 km 210 m Project start 2005 Completion of the first line According to plan – in 2010 Completion of the second line According to plan – in 2012 Pipeline diameter Design pressure 1,220 millimetres / 48 inches 220 bar Pipe steel standard DNV Offshore Standard OS-F101; Steel grade: X-70 Wall thickness Coating Gas supply resources 27-41 mm. Interior antifriction coating of 0.06 mm epoxy layer; Exterior anticorrosive PE or PUR coating; Passive anticorrosive protection is ensured by aluminium sacrifice bracelet anodes Yuzhno-Russkoye oil and gas reserve, Yamal Peninsula, Ob-Taz bay and Shtokmanovskoye fields * Dutch gas infrastructure company N.V. Nederlandse Gasunie has agreed in November 2007 with Russian Gazprom the principal terms and conditions for its participation “in the near future” in the Nord Stream consortium. Gasunie will get a 9 per cent stake in the joint venture. Gazprom will keep its 51 per cent stake and the German companies E.ON Ruhrgas and BASF/Wintershall will hold 20 per cent each, that is, E.ON Ruhrgas and BASF/Wintershall will each cede 4.5 per cent to Gasunie. (Nord Stream 2007) NORDREGIO REPORT 2007:5 171
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CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE PROTECTION
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PREFACE PREFACE With the Commission
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