WSHPDR_2013_Final_Report-updated_version

Besides, EA and ER, there are Environment Protection
Act (EPA), 199; Income Tax Act, 2058; VAT, 1996;
Foreign Investment and Technology Transfer Act,
1992; Forest Act, 1993, Water Resources Act, 1992;
Bonus Act, 1974; Land Acquisition Act, 1977; Local
Governance Act, 1999; Company Act, 2006 and their
corresponding rules also relevant for the development
and operation of the small hydropower.
Barriers to small hydropower development
There are numerous barriers constraining hydropower
development in Nepal. A lack of political stability,
good governance and law and order issues are
important factors hindering progress and economic
growth. Besides these, lack of firm transmission
development plan, frequent changes of ministers and
the government, frequent changes of working
guidelines, lack of inter-governmental agency coordination,
overlapping job responsibilities among
various government intuitions, prolonged processes
and procedures for environmental clearances from
the government and a long list of excessive local
demands have been posing a major threat to small
hydropower development in Nepal.
References
1. The Central Bureau of Statistics (2012). National
Population and Housing Census.
2. Central Intelligence Agency (2012). The World
Factbook. Available from
www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-worldfactbook/.
3. Water and Energy Commission Secretariat (2002).
Water Resources Strategy Nepal.
4. Nepal Electricity Authority (2011). Distribution and
Consumer Services Business Group, West. A year in
Review, fiscal year 2010-11 of Nepal Electricity
Authority.
5. Nepal, Ministry of Water Resources (2001).
Hydropower Development Policy.
6. Nepal, Department of Electricity Development
(2012). ‘Issued licences’. Home Page, Department of
Electricity Development, Government of Nepal.
Available from www.doed.gov.np/. Accessed
February 2013.
7. Tamrakar, Surya Ratna, Nepal Electricity Authority
2011). Nepal survey for International Center on Small
Hydropower answered December 2012.
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