WSHPDR_2013_Final_Report-updated_version

Table 1
Installed small hydropower capacity in Madagascar
Date Town/ Village District Region Operator Production
mode
Installed capacity
THER
(kVA)
RE
(kW)
1986 Sahamadio Fandriana Amoroni Mania JIRAFI MHP + GE 275 160
1992 Milamaina Fandriana Amoroni Mania JIRAFI MHP + GE .. ..
2003 Antetezambato Ambositra Amoroni Mania ADITSARA MHP .. 53
2003 Mangamila Anjozorobe Analamanga ELEC /EAU MHP 15 85
2003 Ranotsara Nord Iakora Ihorombe VITASOA MHP .. 25
2005 Imerimandroso Ambatondrazaka Alaotra Mangoro SAEE GE + MHP 60 ..
2006 Ankililoaka Toliara II Atsimo Andrefana SM3E GE + MHP .. ..
2006 Morarano Amparafaravola Alaotra Mangoro MCH + GE .. ..
2006 Amparihints Ambatondrazaka Alaotra Mangoro SAEE GE + MHP 30 ..
2006 Andromba Ambatondrazaka Alaotra Mangoro SAEE GE + MHP 45 ..
2006 Andrebakely Ambatondrazaka Alaotra Mangoro SAEE GE + MHP 30 ..
2006 Vohimena Ambatondrazaka Alaotra Mangoro SAEE GE + MHP 40 ..
Source: United Nations Industrial Development Organisation 8
Note: MHP – micro hydropower, GE – diesel generator. THER – thermal, kVA – kilovolt ampere, RE – renewable energy
Table 1 shows some of the installed small hydropower in
the country.
The theoretical overall hydropower potential of
Madagascar has been estimated at 7,000 GW of
installed capacity. 5 The economically feasible potential
has not yet been determined. According to a
questionnaire sent to REA, the small hydropower
potential was evaluated in 2010 and the gross potential
was 5,600 MW, technical potential 3,200 MW and
economically feasible potential was 2,600 MW. The
definition used however to define small hydropower
was >10 MW. 4 A desktop study by German Agency for
Technical Cooperation-Promotion of Rural Electrification
by Renewable Energies (GTZ-PERER) assembled a data
set of at least 700 potential sites, but the technical and
economic potential can be expected to be far lower. 3
Table 2
Small hydropower potential in Madagascar
Study source
Potential capacity
(MW)
Range of sites
Number
of plants
ADER a >150.00 19 kW – 10 MW 60
MEM b 48.19 40 kW - 6.5 MW 28
Source:
a. Leutwiler 7
b. NewJec 5
Note: ADER - Agence pour le Développement de l'Electrification
Rurale, MEM - Madagascar Ministry of Enyerg and Mines
There are about 60 potential small hydropower sites
ranging between 19 kW and 10 MW in capacity, with a
total potential of more than 150 MW. According to the
NewJec Report in 2009, 48.19 MW capacity of small
hydropower potential was available in Madagascar, with
a potential electricity production of 398.28 GWh/year. 7
GTZ-PERER also supported a large project where 50
small hydropower feasibility studies were to be
concluded by the end of 2010. The project activities are
linked with the introduction of the software Geosim to
establish regional energy investment plans and prioritize
sites on the basis of demand and accessibility; however
up-to-date information is not available. 3
In the Sava Region of North Eastern Madagascar,
Electricité de Madagascar had finalized the feasibility
study for a mini-hydropower plant and distribution
networks to be implemented in the Lokoho river basin,
in order to supply electricity to the two small towns of
Andapa and Sambava and surrounding rural villages. 9
The project would have provided electrical power of up
to 6 MW to the surrounding areas if the small
hydropower generators had been replaced. However a
political crisis in Madagascar occurred in 2009 during
which Electricité de Madagascar planned to launch its
tenders, since then the project has been frozen. 10
The hydropower development programme (Programme
rivière 2008-2012) aimed to supply eight rural
communities with a total of 14,000 inhabitants with
electricity from micro-hydropower. The programme
included the design and testing of mechanisms in the
sector ‘small autonomous networks’ adapted to the
rural world, with the active participation of local actors,
e.g. Malagasy entrepreneurs involved in the
manufacturing of turbines. These innovations in
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