WSHPDR_2013_Final_Report-updated_version

Indonesia (99 MW). Viet Nam (2,205 MW) has the
largest small hydropower potential (defined as up to
10 MW), followed by the Philippines (1,876 MW) and
Indonesia (1,267 MW). In the Philippines, all of the
run-of-river small hydropower plants are privately
owned, while in Thailand, all small hydropower
development responsibility lies in the hands of its
Government (i.e. Department of Alternative Energy
Development and the Electricity Generating Authority
of Thailand. The German Government, through the
German Agency for Technical Cooperation (GTZ), has
been providing long-term support to the development
of mini hydropower in Indonesia since 1991, hence
this area has been developed slowly overtime.
Among the countries with lesser small hydropower
potential, Malaysia has some known small
hydropower (116 MW) including an estimated micro
hydropower potential of 28.8 MW, yet
implementation has been slow. It is predicted that by
year 2020, most rivers and waterways will be fully
utilized for electricity generation. Cambodia still has a
large small hydropower potential of 300 MW, but
currently it has only one mini hydropower (1 MW) in
operation with another two micro plants (370 kW
installed capacity).
Myanmar has abundant renewable energy resources
and small hydropower potential (170 MW) and will
continue to develop small hydropower as a power
source for small village electrification. Laos is a
mountainous country with impressive excess of
electricity generation. Currently several funding
programmes from international donors are in place to
develop its pico hydropower. Few small hydropower
development opportunities exist in Timor-Leste due to
its steep topography, yet the State Secretary for
Energy Policy along with the Norwegian Water
Resources and Energy Directorate are implementing
Hydropower Master Plan which was expected to take
place in 2012.
Table 3
Small hydropower up to 10 MW in South-Eastern
Asia
(Megawatt)
Country Potential Installed Capacity
Cambodia 300.0 1.9
Indonesia 1 267.0 99.4
Laos 50.2 10.5
Malaysia 116.6 87.7
Myanmar 167.4 36.0
Philippines 1 876.0 248.0
Thailand 700.0 146.3
Timor-Leste at least 0.3 0.3
Viet Nam 2 205.0 621.7
Total 6 682.5 1251.8
Source: See country reports
Brunei has plans on developing its small hydropower
potential in the near future, while Singapore’s
geography does not present opportunities to harness
renewable energy from hydro technologies. 13 14 The
two countries are not covered in this chapter due to
the lack of development in this area.
The total installed capacity in the region is
approximately 1.25 GW. Apart from Timor-Leste,
which small hydropower status is largely unknown, all
other countries have a relatively high small
hydropower potential. In general, the future of small
hydropower looks very promising within the region
having a potential of approximately 6.6 GW.
References
1. Asian Development Bank (2009). The economics of
climate change in Southeast Asia: A regional review.
Mandaluyong City, Philippines.
2. Ölz, S. and Beerepoot, M. (2010). Deploying
Renewables in Southeast Asia: Trends and potentials.
Working Paper. OECD/IEA–International Energy
Agency.
3. Central Intelligence Agency (2012). The World
Factbook. Available from
www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-worldfactbook/.
4. Clean Energy Portal - Reegle (2012). Energy Profile
Vietnam. Available from
www.reegle.info/countries/sierra-leone-energyprofile/VN.
Accessed December 2012.
5. International Energy Agency (2011). World Energy
Outlook.
6. World Bank (2011). World Development Indicators
Database. 1 July. Available from
siteresources.worldbank.org/DATASTATISTICS/Resour
ces/POP.pdf. Accessed December2012.
7. San Sophal, Cambodia Ministry of Industry Mines
and Energy (2011). Survey by International Center on
Small Hydro Power answered in October.
8. International Journal on Hydropower and Dams
(2011). World Atlas and Industry Guide 2011. Surrey,
UK: Aquamedia International.
9. Suryo Busono, Indonesia Agency for the Assessment
and Application of Technology (2012). Survey by
International Center on Small Hydro Power answered
in March.
10. Panporn Suwan, Thailand Department of Water
Resources (2011). Survey by International Center on
Small Hydro Power answered in October.
11. Le Duc Duy, Vietnam Institute of Energy. Survey by
International Center on Small Hydro Power answered
October 2011.
12. Sophal, San (2012). Hydro energy Development in
Cambodia. Deputy Office of General Department of
Energy. Pnohm Penh, Cambodia.
13. Sadikin, S and Lawas, S. (2011). Brunei to tap
Sarawak's hydropower. Brunei Times, 27 March.
Available from www.bt.com.bn/news-
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