Surgil ESIA Report - Volume III - EKN

“O’ZLITINEFTGAZ”
open joint-stock company
FS «Complex development of Surgil field
with extracting of valuable components»
necessary certificates.
During emergency situations MES should be carried out much promptly and all samplings are
performed more frequently and sampling grid is condensed covering emergency area and adjoining to it
areas (sampling area should initially exceed emergency area). Analytical study is performed as
promptly as possible to define the time of emergency elimination activities termination.
MES program is designed for every natural environment components individually and includes
four periods of supervision: background state, construction, operation and emergency situation (for
each type of emergency individually).
MES of atmospheric air within the site area, within the buffer area and within the dwelling
settlements can be carried out with the help of automatic hardware and air and snow cover sampling at
specific points defined taking into account the wind rose and pre-design of emissions spreading. Also
nitrogen dioxide, carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, saturated hydrocarbons and hydrogen sulfide are to
be monitored. Both organized and unorganized sources of emissions should be controlled. Besides the
law on «Air protection» adopted on December the 27 th 1996, articles 24, 27, 28, normative basis of the
air pollution MES is presented with the decrees by Cabinet of Ministers, Sanitary Norms and Rules and
other documents.
MES of the ground waters state and their potential contamination is carried out through the
system of special inspection wells drilled near the potential point of contamination along the stream. In
each well four times a year they measure ground waters level, water temperature and take out samples
for further comprehensive chemical analysis. The most frequently controlled parameters of ground
waters are the following; pH, nitrates, nitrites, phosphorous, nitrogen (ammonium, nitrate, nitrite),
permanganate oxidability, iron, petrochemicals, heavy metals, etc.
When carrying out background state of soils supervision they perform complex soil-chemical
examination of soils for area objects in scale 1:5 000, and for linear – in scale of 1:10 000 and selection
of key sections for further control. During construction period supervision they track soil covering
response to anthropogenic impact: from key sections (background and check) they take samples for
chemical analysis to control heavy metals, arsenic, organochlorine compounds, full range of oil
hydrocarbons, etc. content. When assessing chemical composition changes special attention should be
paid to the high-toxic contaminating substances appearance.
After completion of construction recultivated areas are supervised for regeneration of soil
covering’s initial agrochemical state.
MES of vegetation is carried out on the sample areas for geobotanical control spatially combined
with ones for soil covering control.
Such areas are selected as a rule where there are typical plant associations, at the site bounds
and on erosive areas. Sample areas are divided into control sections and strips where they control the
following: species composition, abundance, vitality, vegetation strength and phytomass and fertility if
necessary. Control section area depends on type of vegetation: for woody associations – 100-400m 2 ;
for scrub and herb associations – 10m 2 ; for moss and lichen associations – 1m 2 .
Rather often it is necessary to perform geobotanical survey during which they obtain data on
plant associations’ composition and structure not only within the site and buffer area but within the
whole affected by UGCC area as well including emergency situations. During geobotanical survey they
get information about trees level, off-level vegetation; inventory protected and rare species of plants
and their ecotope; perform territory zoning according to strength of UGCC influence upon the natural
complex; carry out geochemical study including selection of plants for different special analyses.
MES of the surface fauna includes the following: inventory and assessment of present state of
animals’ ecotope and their number; assessment of biotopes transformation degree before construction
started; assessment of ecotopes according to ecological risks of anthropogenic impact degree;
assessment of animal world condition in the region (territorial populations of birds, mammals, reptiles,
Book 5. Declaration of environmental impact concerning UGCC construction
40