Untitled - Ministerstwo Rozwoju Regionalnego

ies. In modern logistics systems, the client or the consignees also want to know
delivery time and current vehicle location. These, in turn, have a direct impact
on fuel consumption and road fees, which can result in lower direct costs.
Each of the currently available systems, if used to its full capability, may provide
measurable economic benefits in at least a few aspects. The first is the correct
vehicle route ensured by on-board navigation systems, resulting in the optimization
of the itinerary and time of carriage, as well as a reduction in the fuel
costs and road tolls paid. The second is the possibility of controlling driver's performance
on a permanent basis. After all, the driver has the sole control of
highly valuable assets in the form of the vehicle and its cargo. The possibility of
complete and exact route planning through the use of digital maps is the third
aspect. The fourth one is highly practical as it allows monitoring the accuracy of
automatic invoicing which is done in Germany. Austria and the Czech Republic,
owing to the use of on-board devices marketed in those countries.
Sophisticated navigation and positioning systems capable of operating both
in on-line and off-line modes, ensure a more effective use of human and fleet resources.
They enable the supervision of fuel consumption, where the vehicle
was refuelled, its axle load, cargo safety, thermograph performance, vehicle
status (e.g. whether the vehicle is in motion or stationary at a given moment, if
its engine is on or off), as well as reproduce the route covered, based on digital
information collected in SQL databases or even stop the vehicle in an emergency.
They also make monitoring of sounds in the driver's cabin or cargo space
possible.
The aforementioned digital maps used for planning itineraries (including alternative
routes) are an example of telematics and IT solutions which translate
directly into economic effectiveness of road transport services. In the process of
itinerary optimization, the IT system must take into account numerous factors
and not concentrate solely on finding the shortest route, since aspects such as
availability and prices of parking and fuel, transit or infrastructure tolls, travelling
time and possible average speeds are all vital elements which allow an exact
calculation of fuel consumption or delivery time.
This chapter presents an example of calculating the itinerary between Sopot
and Munich, selecting the shortest route, as well as two alternative ones. An
analysis of direct costs and travel time was carried out for each of the routes.
Varying costs and travel times appear in each of the three solutions presented.
The findings which take into account fuel cost, road tolls, vehicle speed related
to the road category and land topography and the resulting fuel consumption
were obtained through primary research carried out in transport companies.
Thanks to such analysis it is possible to compare the options available both in
qualitative and quantitative terms.
The option which is considered the best may be sent to the driver through
a GPS system. The forwarded information includes not only the route but also
the location of border crossing points, filling stations (with info on fuel prices,
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