Untitled - Ministerstwo Rozwoju Regionalnego

An advantage of the system is that usually a larger number of carriers of different
size have access to the urban transport market organised by public
authorities. Such a system is able to absorb carriers who, without having the
possibility to access the market organised by public authorities would otherwise
operate independently outside the integrated transport offer. An important element
of the system is the control of the quantity and quality of services by the
provider representing the public authorities. Owing to such control it is possible
to effectively enforce a high standard of services in accordance with the order
under the contract.
In addition to the presented systems, a traditional system – not based on
competition in providing services – also functions in Europe. Having in mind
the country in which the system is used to the greatest extent, it can be called
German. It is characterised by the following features 9 :
– the functioning of a special-purpose union of municipalities conducting
transport policy and an executive unit of the union integrating the transport
offer;
– employment of municipal carriers by their owners, who subsidise their
services directly;
– distribution of the revenues from sales of integrated tickets among carriers
by the union;
– the union’s function for municipal bus and tramway enterprises is the role
of a settlement centre.
The German system cannot be considered fully modern due to the absence
of competition and the related lack of tender procedures for transport services
provided as public service. Certain modern traits can be found only in developing
a solution to offer integrated services over large metropolitan areas and in
regions as part of regulated transport service, notwithstanding the fact that municipal
carriers are not employed by the transport provider acting on behalf of
public authorities.
10.4. New trends in urban transport organization systems
in Europe
Individual urban transport systems in Europe undergo an evolution under the
influence of various factors. In general, the changes are going in the direction of
quality improvement of the transport service, as a factor determining the com-
9 M. Wolañski, Ewolucja organizacji i finansowania zintegrowanego systemu transportowego w Zag³êbiu
Ruhry. “Transport Miejski" 2005, No. 9, pp. 19-21.
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