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methods of performance enhancement without supercharging, while maintaining
fuel consumption economics.
Gas turbocompressors use the energy of engine exhaust gases to increase
pressure of the air fed into combustion chambers. In modern engines, before
compressed air is fed, it is cooled in an additional air cooler – intercooler – to increase
density. This enhances injected fuel combustion conditions, thus increasing
the power, the torque and the response of the engine.
Looking for an optimum engine load depending on working conditions of
the means of transport is another area of research connected with making road
transport more environment friendly. The solutions in this field consist in replacing
classical solutions (friction coupling and manual gearboxes) with hydrokinetic
coupling and automatic gearboxes. The use of hydro-mechanic box in
the drive system enables traction properties enhancement, in hard working conditions
in particular. In traditional solutions with manual gearboxes, the engine
works in unfavourable areas from the point of view of fuel consumption and big
dynamic overloads of the power transmission system appear, which obviously
shortens its lifetime. This is why the work on hydro-mechanic gearboxes control
comes down to optimisation of their work, aiming at elimination of these two
unfavourable phenomena, intensifying in the running up phase in particular.
Apart from the obvious mechanical match, the structure of the power transmission
system requires of selection of adequate technical parameters, functional
characteristics, development of programmes controlling the matching of individual
sub-systems 4 .
The growing content of electronics in all areas of life has its consequences
also for the solutions combining all possible efforts of optimizing the work of the
power transmission system. Development and construction of EDC – electronic
diesel control - can meet many requirements concerning environmental protection.
In combination with other electronic devices controlling the work of other
sub-systems, the system helps to reach the optimum level of combustion in the
engine, which prolongs its life 5 .
Replacing diesel fuel with ethanol constitutes yet another area, developed
since 1979. The Swedish Scania is the leader in this field and has launched an
ethanol powered vehicle production centre in its plant in S³upsk, Poland 6 .
Research on equipping lorries with hybrid power transmission system is in
progress. It is possible to use alternative propulsion, the fuel engine and the
electric motor, thanks to the use of the surplus power of the fuel engine to
charge batteries. Electric motors are used to start the vehicle, to accelerate and in
4 G. Koralewski, R. Wrona, Adaptacja automatycznej przek³adni hydromechanicznej w uk³adzie
napêdowym autobusu. in: Zeszyty Naukowe Wy¿szej Szko³y Ekonomii i Innowacji w Lublinie No 3,
Wy¿sza Szko³a Ekonomii i Innowacji w Lublinie, Lublin 2006, pp. 152-153.
5 A. Siedlecki, EDC w nowoczesnych silnikach diesla. “Spedycja Transport Logistyka” 4/2003,
pp. 62-63.
6 J. Brach, Alkoholiczka. “Ciê¿arówki i Autobusy” 1-2/2007, pp. 46-47.
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