Untitled - Ministerstwo Rozwoju Regionalnego

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20.3. Factors stimulating the development of international logistics in Polish businesses............ 314 20.4. Urban logistics in the environment of internationalisation and globalisation ....................... 319 20.5. Bibliography......................................................................................................................................... 323 Chapter 21. BUILDING NEW LOGISTICS CENTRES IN EUROPE (Ireneusz Fechner)....................................................................................................................................... 325 21.1. Introduction ......................................................................................................................................... 325 21.2. European concepts of logistics centres ........................................................................................... 326 21.3. Development of logistics centres in Europe.................................................................................. 327 21.4. Bibliography......................................................................................................................................... 332 Chapter 22. LOGISTICS COSTS IN MODERN ECONOMY (Henryk WoŸniak) ....................................................................................................................................... 333 22.1. Introduction ......................................................................................................................................... 333 22.2. Logistics in the process of change in world economy ................................................................ 333 22.3. Research on logistics costs................................................................................................................. 334 22.4. New trends in modern logistics....................................................................................................... 337 22.5. Bibliography......................................................................................................................................... 346 Chapter 23. RISK IN INNOVATIVE PROCESSES IN TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS (Przemys³aw Borkowski) ........................................................................................................................... 347 23.1. Nature of innovative risk .................................................................................................................. 347 23.2. Factors of innovative risk level in transport and logistics .......................................................... 349 23.3. Innovative risk management – identification of risk................................................................... 351 23.4. Innovative risk assessment and mitigation.................................................................................... 353 23.5. Bibliography......................................................................................................................................... 360 Chapter 24. INNOVATIVE FINANCING OF TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE (El¿bieta Adamowicz)................................................................................................................................. 361 24.1. Introduction ......................................................................................................................................... 361 24.2. Factors affecting the search of innovative forms of funding transport infrastructure ......... 362 24.3. The nature and directions of innovative financing of transport infrastructure..................... 363 24.4. Innovative forms of financing transport infrastructure in the USA......................................... 366 24.5. Innovative forms of financing transport in Poland...................................................................... 369 24.6. Bibliography......................................................................................................................................... 371 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS (Jan Burnewicz)............................................................................................................................................ 373 PODSUMOWANIE I WNIOSKI (Jan Burnewicz)............................................................................................................................................ 406 List of tables.................................................................................................................................................. 444 List of figures................................................................................................................................................ 447 About Authors.............................................................................................................................................. 450
FOREWORD (Jan Burnewicz) The answer to modern problems of transport and logistics is increasingly dependent on the pool of knowledge and the ability to create innovative solutions. These problems are more and more unyielding to the instruments of transport policy that we know today, used by national governments and international institutions (regulation, technical standards, funds for new projects). Traffic intensity in many areas of economic and social space has reached a level at which the capacity of the existing infrastructure and the possibility of its extension through traditional investment methods is nearing exhaustion. New-generation vehicles, alternative fuels, smart systems of traffic control and new technologies of construction and maintenance of transport infrastructure have become a necessity. The transport and logistics sector determines how other areas of the economy and public life function and develop. Any manufacturing activity or process is connected with the need to move appropriate volumes of (raw) materials and products. The way in which these are moved is of considerable significance to business entities and consumers on the one hand, and the social and natural environments on the other. The great intensity of transport operations is a major challenge for cargo carriers and logistics providers, as well as a nuisance for most of the public. Despite significant technological progress made in transport over the decades, its efficiency and productivity remain unsatisfactory. The growing symptoms of capacity problems accompanied by rising external costs in the transport systems should incite business and research circles to intensify their search of innovative solutions that will make a qualitative leap possible in the ways distances are covered. Trying to solve the transport problems of today by extensive infrastructure development and minute regulation is becoming relatively less and less productive. Like any other products, the means of transport that we know today have a particular life cycle and the possibilities of making upgrades or improving their use and functionality are finite. The progress made within the last 50 years in the design and propulsion of cars, planes or ships has undoubtedly been 9
Page 4 and 5: Contents FOREWORD (Jan Burnewicz)..
Page 6 and 7: 9.4. Security of information.......
Page 10 and 11: great and has brought measurable ef
Page 12 and 13: The theory of innovation was introd
Page 14 and 15: According to Robert U. Ayres, who p
Page 16 and 17: tions may be of technological, orga
Page 18 and 19: 1.2. Innovation features Innovation
Page 20 and 21: The sources of innovation embrace a
Page 22 and 23: Table 2. Innovation processes model
Page 24 and 25: of techniques. Strategic integratio
Page 26 and 27: 32. Sudo³ S., Przedsiêbiorstwo pr
Page 28 and 29: land, attempts were made in the ear
Page 30 and 31: English 9 . As can be seen, the phr
Page 32 and 33: The European Union, being an area o
Page 34 and 35: tives of member states and associat
Page 36 and 37: - a direct result of research which
Page 38 and 39: is, in particular, the response to
Page 40 and 41: 2.6. Bibliography 1. Blaug M., Teor
Page 42 and 43: stems from the economic policy 3 ,
Page 44 and 45: according to the linear innovation
Page 46 and 47: - the shaping and consolidation of
Page 48 and 49: Treaty of Amsterdam (“Research an
Page 50 and 51: Unfortunately, the first period of
Page 52 and 53: and technical subjects in several a
Page 54 and 55: Fig. 5), where growing competitiven
Page 56 and 57: Table 8. Innovation performance of
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0,700 0,600 0,500 0,400 0,300 0,200
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3.3. Polish innovation policy In Po
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lopment in the future, e.g. Turkey,
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1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995
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- 6.4 billion euro to be provided b
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knowledge-based economy is the only
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- arising during business activity,
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- the use of advanced methods and t
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Chapter 4 A STUDY OF INNOVATIVE TRE
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In more recent centuries, though, t
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economic development. In this diagn
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placing private car use with public
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The prime module of modern transpor
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cialisation. 33 What this notion ac
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era in technology, but had no comme
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ecome a matter of honour for major
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Fig. 14. A Toyota FT-EV at Detroit
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Fuel Cell Vehicles - FCV) 75 are a
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94 - Toyota FCHV 81 is another of T
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- Daimler Mercedes-Benz Citaro fuel
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ange. The popularity of hybrid pass
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X2000 116 , the Finnish S220 117 ,
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•Commercial Turboprop Service •
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dards 138 . Intense activity can al
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- new technologies of winter inland
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Fig.18.Vélib-abicycle rental syste
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tional and EU authorities as well a
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National Highway Research Laborator
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innovation in terms of rail shape a
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Infrastructural innovations aim at
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14. Konings R., ThijsR., Foldable C
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tainable competitive advantage in t
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ten years. Technological innovation
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ticians, researchers and practition
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show that it is the time of respons
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gies were gaining more importance i
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chain at a strategic level and focu
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sary for company management and for
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- Electronic Data Interchange (EDI)
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effective solution of logistic task
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- thermostat warehouse. Automation
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assess the productivity of the rend
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15. Follow the leaders. Scoring hig
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Chapter 6 NEW-GENERATION TRANSPORT
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1. The Panama Canal bridge 2. The B
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Among intercontinental crossings is
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Each human action has an effect on
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monious effect remains ingrained de
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Regrettably, the project was not co
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6.7. Bibliography 1. Brown D. J., M
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The purpose of this chapter is not
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7 8 9 10 11 12 Improving road safet
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Table 20. Satellite navigation in t
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predict a traffic jam on a specific
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of rail tracks, inspections and tes
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9. Roads. Galileo Application Sheet
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transport modes, infrastructure and
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- plan the routes and optimize park
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ies. In modern logistics systems, t
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Fig. 33. Option II of vehicle route
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Optimization of route selection dep
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Chapter 9 NEW INFORMATION TECHNOLOG
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uilding. The competitive advantage
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- systems for planning and optimiza
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and consist of defining information
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2. Naporowska E., Warunki rozwoju e
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10.2. Factors causing changes in ur
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10.3. Model description of modern u
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The French urban transport organiza
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petitiveness of urban transport wit
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a system of rewards and penalties b
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sales of tickets received on the ba
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Chapter 11 SUSTAINABLE URBAN MOBILI
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einstate the proper role of environ
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European cities had already been af
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limiting car use, especially in cit
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- support instruments for measures
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City-wide Campaigns Innovative dema
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ture, of consistent cycle-promoting
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should be treated preferentially in
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is that the bicycle is quite simply
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Fig. 40. Comparison of various tran
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struggle with inappropriate pavemen
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Bicycle racks Other amenities They
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Table 30. Comparison of percentage
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12.8. Bibliography 1. Cycling: the
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and using nuclear, solar, water or
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methods of performance enhancement
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Table 31. Timeline of Euro standard
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10. Smalko Z., Sznytko J., Kierunki
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Transport activity, a complementary
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sis for making them more dynamic. I
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The literature of the subject menti
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specific nature of new markets and
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In this context, the operation of T
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Chapter 15 FACTORS INFLUENCING MODA
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- to improve the understanding of u
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The fiscal function of the charges
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15.3. Examples of How Differentiate
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- increasing the accepted weight of
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Still, from a technological viewpoi
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At last, one notices that the natur
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operation it results from, whereas
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16.6. New qualitative preference of
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The importance of quality of servic
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Chapter 17 TRENDS IN WORLD SHIPPING
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17.2. World seaborne trade and the
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Table 37. World fleet size in the 1
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day in 2011, compared with 83.3 mil
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hicles at the end of 2005 to 168 ca
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ate of BSR countries is higher than
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In the BSR, as well as the entire E
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2005, the volume of cargo handled i
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Among the trends of the EU transpor
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enlarge loading capacity at minimum
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18.5. Port business diversification
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18.6. Relations with port cities, r
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Chapter 19 MODERN ENVIRONMENTAL MAN
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Green Paper on the Impact of Transp
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- new tasks have appeared in connec
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this area resulted in the Greening
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activities aimed at separating dema
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It is also worth noting that energy
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Table 41. The most likely growth sc
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Table 42. Towards sustainable trans
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such. The use of the existing infra
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Chapter 20 DEVELOPEMNT OF INTERNATI
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tional logistics strengthened, and
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Paradoxically, we can say that the
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their financial resources (by 2008)
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At present, there are 15 Euroregion
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4) international financial relation
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Where: F= number of trips between t
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6. Logistyka w internacjonalizacjio
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prastructure and logistics services
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In the 1980s, more factors appeared
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which plans to cover the whole coun
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and Eastern Europe, it is only a lo
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to open for market economy. It led
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used and where the full range of co
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of intralogistics (see Fig. 68). Th
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sulting in the creation of new of s
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changes refers mainly to these sect
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costs. Because of the “bypassing
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5. Bogaschewsky R., Globale Beschaf
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this theory, a natural course of de
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On the other hand, the company’s
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a basis, particularly the evaluatio
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The ‘list of risks’ method cons
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the success of this risk descriptio
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It must be stressed that what is at
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Partial formalization in the proces
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etween those types of investments c
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other sectors of the economy. Such
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Comparative analysis of innovative
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on presenting periodical payment in
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time) of a new solution that has no
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12. Pietrzyka B., Klasyfikacja prze
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activities more attractive (quads 1
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interdisciplinary, although individ
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tem and modal deficiencies of conte
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Hydrogen propulsion is becoming ano
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can be regarded as the most importa
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lift-sharing, also called car-pooli
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A large group of technologies, give
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Every human activity has an impact
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The most useful function of road ca
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a growing number of inhabitants liv
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nation-wide promotional campaigns a
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As for innovations aimed at using a
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of freight on a given route, shapin
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and development of ports as land-se
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of economy: they are high in consum
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than potential profits the innovati
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PODSUMOWANIE I WNIOSKI (Jan Burnewi
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nia od podstaw w wybranych regionac
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ski. Strategicznym (nadrzêdnym) ce
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struktorów samochodów elektryczny
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opracowan¹ z myœl¹ o ograniczeni
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acji lotniska i l¹dowiska. Wœród
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w¹tpliwych efektów wdra¿ania now
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œwiecie koncepcji i nowych rozwi¹
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nologie budownictwa infrastruktural
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TEN wpisany zosta³ projekt europej
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staw/ w ramach sieci dostaw (certyf
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nych), takich jak wprowadzanie ró
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obytu ludzie staj¹ siê coraz bard
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Trzy pierwsze typy procesów innowa
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który musi opracowywaæ nowatorski
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Przemiany technologiczne i innowacy
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ne uwidoczni³a siê ju¿ pod konie
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nia logistycznego, • stosowanie f
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Formalizacja oceny ryzyka w innowac
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List of tables Table 1. Innovation
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Table 50. Time horizon of risk fact
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Fig. 24. Strategic crossings within
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About Authors El¿bieta Adamowicz:
Page 453:
Michel Savy: Professor in the Unive
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