безопасность и технологии №1-2104

воздушный транспорт |
ВОЗДУШНЫЙ ТРАНСПОРТ
March 22, 2014 is 40 years anniversary of ICAO Standards and Recommended Practices for Security
(Annex 17, «Security»). This Annex was the basis of the ICAO program on civil aviation security
and its protection against acts of unlawful interference.
Aviation security foundational document
Annex 17 «Security» to the Convention on International Civil Aviation (Chicago Convention)
has played a large role in the civil aviation security.
Основополагающий документ
в области авиационной безопасности
Приложение 17 «Безопасность» к Конвенции о международной
гражданской авиации (Чикагской конвенции) сыграло огромную роль
в обеспечении безопасности гражданской авиации.
60
Vladimir Chertok,
Deputy Head of the Federal Authority for Transport
Oversight (Rostransnadzor )
Владимир Черток,
заместитель руководителя Федеральной службы
по надзору в сфере транспорта (Ространснадзор)
Aviation security, as a system of
civil aviation protection against
unlawful interference acts has
always been ICAO major strategic
objective. However, since 1960, security
has become more important because of
the increasing number of terrorist acts
against civil aviation and became a critical
direction in ICAO work.
Rapid growth of aircraft hijackings
number in 1969-1970 was the main cause
of an extraordinary 17th Session of the
ICAO Assembly, which was held in Montreal
from 16 to 30 June 1970. Its main
theme was aviation security. The Assembly
had adopted a number of key decisions
regarding security measures and international
civil aviation standards and recommended
practices in this area.
In December 1972, a draft document
containing the original version of the
Standards and Recommended Practices
(SARPS) ICAO on aviation security was
elaborated. It was sent to ICAO Member
States for comments and observations.
On March 22, 1974, the ICAO Council adopted
Annex 17 to the Convention, entitled
«Standards and Recommended Practices
. Security. Protection of international
civil aviation against unlawful interference
acts».
Since the release of the Annex 17 first
edition, 13 blocks of amendments corresponding
trends in the global aviation system,
constantly changing conditions and
emerging threats were added. In particular,
in response to the tragic events of 11
September 2001 in the United States, the
ICAO Council on December 7, 2001 adopted
one of the most important amendments
to Annex 17. It stressed the importance of
international cooperation and exchange of
information for the protection of international
civil aviation against unlawful interference
acts, broaden the applicability of
Annex 17 SARPS on domestic flights, including
access control to the flight crew,
the security personnel presence on board,
screening of passengers and their carry-on
baggage and checked baggage.
Annex 17 provisions had a positive effect
on the national regulations harmonization,
governing the aviation security
activities in the ICAO Member States,
promoting uniform application of SARPS
by ICAO States. It stimulated the governments
to implement a coordinated multilateral
activities in order to create a comprehensive
international global security
system and mutual assistance. Annex 17
calls upon States to include in their intergovernmental
agreement on air traffic
aviation security separate model clause,
and thus contributes to the expansion of
aviation security international cooperation
on.
Inspections conducted since the end of
2002 as part of the ICAO Universal Safety
Audit Program in aviation security (USAP),
contribute to the development of aviation
security national systems by providing
ICAO targeted assistance to identify
and eliminate deficiencies. USAP is also
«feedback» instrument, which makes it
possible to obtain important information
for further SARPS Annex 17 improvement
and the development of additional guidance
on a range of unresolved issues.
Evolutionary step in the USAP development
has been a change from periodic
checks to continuous monitoring system
that will undoubtedly have a positive impact
on the global aviation security system
efficiency. ICAO, based on the expert
knowledge and experience of the best spe-
ТРАНСПОРТНАЯ БЕЗОПАСНОСТЬ И ТЕХНОЛОГИИ | № 1 (36), 2014