Dialogue in and between Different Cultures - International ...
Dialogue in and between Different Cultures - International ...
Dialogue in and between Different Cultures - International ...
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94 Anna Szczepaniak-Kozak<br />
are uniform <strong>in</strong> style, each Polish text is idiosyncratic <strong>in</strong> this respect. To give an<br />
example, all the exam<strong>in</strong>ed NATO documents present security mark<strong>in</strong>gs at the<br />
centre top <strong>and</strong> bottom of each page, which is someth<strong>in</strong>g not found <strong>in</strong> Polish texts<br />
even if they are classified as restricted. Additionally, the layout of the NATO<br />
logistics documents is clearer. As a result, the ideas <strong>in</strong> the <strong>in</strong>vestigated NATO<br />
documents are not as densely packed as they are <strong>in</strong> the Polish corpus. What<br />
dist<strong>in</strong>guishes the English <strong>and</strong> Polish styles is also their dist<strong>in</strong>ct page <strong>and</strong><br />
paragraph numeration systems <strong>and</strong> the manner of date <strong>and</strong> hour record<strong>in</strong>g.<br />
9. Conclusions<br />
Military texts are always written for some practical goal, <strong>and</strong> not for a free<br />
expression of feel<strong>in</strong>gs or for impress<strong>in</strong>g the audience. In this type of discourse<br />
poetic images or rhetorical figures, affective expressions of joy or sadness, or<br />
verbal humour should not be expected. At the same time, attitud<strong>in</strong>al lexis is not<br />
present at all. This feature of military language is conditioned by the fact that<br />
once military writers write for a specific set of purposes <strong>and</strong> readers, they must<br />
carefully choose <strong>and</strong> organize the <strong>in</strong>formation to be transmitted.<br />
It appears that although those Polish <strong>and</strong> English schools of military writ<strong>in</strong>g<br />
are congruent <strong>in</strong> terms of the discussed subjects, <strong>in</strong>volved discourse participants<br />
<strong>and</strong> established term<strong>in</strong>ology, the Polish texts are more detailed <strong>in</strong> character.<br />
Additionally, the Polish Warsaw Pact documents use a great number of<br />
impersonal constructions, whereas <strong>in</strong> their English counterparts the passive voice<br />
is more frequent. F<strong>in</strong>ally, the contrasted styles of writ<strong>in</strong>g differ <strong>in</strong> terms of the text<br />
layout. The NATO texts have a more legible <strong>and</strong> st<strong>and</strong>ardized document format<br />
than the <strong>in</strong>vestigated Polish samples. All <strong>in</strong> all, we may postulate that both of the<br />
styles of writ<strong>in</strong>g represent formal <strong>and</strong> impersonal registers but they atta<strong>in</strong> those<br />
qualities <strong>in</strong> a different way.<br />
References<br />
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Longman.<br />
Duszak, Anna. 1998. Tekst, dyskurs, komunikacja międzykulturowa. Warszawa: Wydawnictwo<br />
Naukowe.<br />
Gee, James Paul. 2000. An Introduction to Discourse Analysis. London: Routledge.<br />
Hymes, Dell. 1972. “Models of the Interaction of Language <strong>and</strong> Social Life”. Directions <strong>in</strong> Sociol<strong>in</strong>guistics<br />
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W<strong>in</strong>ston.<br />
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<strong>and</strong> W<strong>in</strong>ston.<br />
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Halliday, Michael Alex<strong>and</strong>er Kirkwood. 1994. An Introduction to Functional Grammar. London:<br />
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