3 Fundamentals of press design

More documents

Recommendations

Info

XII Metal Forming Handbook 4.5 Blanking processes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 268 4.6 Shearing lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 284 4.6.1 Slitting lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 284 4.6.2 Blanking lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 286 4.6.3 High-speed blanking lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 291 4.6.4 Lines for the production of electric motor laminations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 296 4.6.5 Production and processing of tailored blanks . . . . 310 4.6.6 Perforating presses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 314 4.6.7 Control systems for blanking presses . . . . . . . . . . . 320 4.7 Fine blanking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 330 4.7.1 Fine blanking process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 330 4.7.2 Fine blanking materials, forces, quality characteristics and part variety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 338 4.7.3 Fine blanking tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 351 4.7.4 Fine blanking presses and lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 359 4.8 Bending . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 366 4.8.1 Bending process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 366 4.8.2 Roll forming and variety of sections . . . . . . . . . . . . 373 4.8.3 Roller straightening . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 383 4.9 Organization of stamping plants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 389 4.9.1 Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 389 4.9.2 Layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 391 4.9.3 Quality assurance through quality control . . . . . . 398 Bibliography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 403 5 Hydroforming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 405 5.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 405 5.2 Process technology and example applications . . . . . . . 405 5.2.1 Process technology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 405 5.2.2 Types of hydroformed components . . . . . . . . . . . . 408 5.2.3 Fields of application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 410 Metal Forming Handbook /Schuler (c) Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1998
Contents 5.3 Component development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 413 5.3.1 User-oriented project management . . . . . . . . . . . . 413 5.3.2 Feasibility studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 414 5.3.3 Component design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 416 5.4 Die engineering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 420 5.4.1 Die layout. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 420 5.4.2 Lubricants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 422 5.5 Materials and preforms for producing hydroformed components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 423 5.5.1 Materials and heat treatment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 423 5.5.2 Preforms and preparation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 424 5.6 Presses for hydroforming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 426 5.7 General considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 429 5.7.1 Production technology issues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 429 5.7.2 Technical and economic considerations . . . . . . . . 431 Bibliography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 432 6 Solid forming (Forging) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 433 6.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 433 6.2 Benefits of solid forming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 441 6.2.1 Economic aspects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 441 6.2.2 Workpiece properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 443 6.3 Materials, billet production and surface treatment . . . 450 6.3.1 Materials. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 450 6.3.2 Billet or slug preparation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 454 6.3.3 Surface treatment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 459 6.4 Formed part and process plan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 464 6.4.1 The formed part . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 464 6.4.2 Process plan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 467 6.5 Force and work requirement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 469 6.5.1 Forward rod extrusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 469 6.5.2 Forward tube extrusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 474 Metal Forming Handbook /Schuler (c) Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1998 XIII
Page 1 and 2: Metal Forming Handbook /Schuler (c)
Page 3 and 4: 123 METAL FORMING Metal Forming Han
Page 5 and 6: Preface Following the long traditio
Page 7 and 8: Contributors ADAM, K., Dipl.-Ing. (
Page 9 and 10: Contents Index of formula symbols .
Page 11: Contents 3.6.5 Measures to be under
Page 15 and 16: Index of formula symbols � rib an
Page 17 and 18: Index of formular symbols d inner d
Page 19 and 20: Index of formular symbols p G avera
Page 21 and 22: 1 Introduction Technology has exert
Page 23 and 24: Introduction Fig. 1.1 L. Schuler, M
Page 25 and 26: 2 Basic principles of metal forming
Page 27 and 28: Methods of forming and cutting tech
Page 45 and 46: 2 Basic principles of metal forming
Page 47 and 48: Basic terms in which � 1 is defor
Page 49 and 50: Basic terms cation of an exterior f
Page 51 and 52: Basic terms fracture, this characte
Page 53 and 54: 3 Fundamentals of press design 3.1
Page 55 and 56: Press types and press construction
Page 63 and 64:
Press types and press construction
Page 65 and 66:
Page 67 and 68:
Page 69 and 70:
3 Fundamentals of press design 3.2
Page 71 and 72:
Mechanical presses , distance s[m]
Page 73 and 74:
Mechanical presses stress on the fr
Page 75 and 76:
Mechanical presses stroke [mm] 900
Page 77 and 78:
Mechanical presses This offers a nu
Page 79 and 80:
Mechanical presses or bottom mounte
Page 81 and 82:
Mechanical presses In crossbar tran
Page 83 and 84:
Mechanical presses with a long serv
Page 85 and 86:
Mechanical presses Fig. 3.2.9 Drive
Page 87 and 88:
Mechanical presses Overload safety
Page 89 and 90:
Mechanical presses Slide cushion So
Page 91 and 92:
Mechanical presses imum pneumatic p
Page 93 and 94:
3 Fundamentals of press design 3.3
Page 95 and 96:
Hydraulic presses Design of the dri
Page 97 and 98:
Hydraulic presses pumps suspended i
Page 99 and 100:
Hydraulic presses pressure in the p
Page 101 and 102:
Hydraulic presses F 4 I P (F ) max
Page 103 and 104:
Hydraulic presses are two variation
Page 105 and 106:
Hydraulic presses presscrown retain
Page 107 and 108:
Changing dies to a weight of 3 t pr
Page 109 and 110:
Changing dies gearwithguidinggroove
Page 111 and 112:
Changing dies are changed in solid
Page 113 and 114:
Changing dies hydraulic clamping me
Page 115 and 116:
Press control systems 3.5.3 Operati
Page 117 and 118:
Press control systems 3.5.4 Structu
Page 119 and 120:
Press control systems The communica
Page 121 and 122:
Press control systems Fig. 3.5.5 PL
Page 123 and 124:
Press control systems Fig. 3.5.7 Sw
Page 125 and 126:
Press control systems Other approac
Page 127 and 128:
Press safety and certification 3.6.
Page 129 and 130:
Press safety and certification with
Page 131 and 132:
Press safety and certification - st
Page 133 and 134:
Press safety and certification Manu
Page 135 and 136:
Press safety and certification pres
Page 137 and 138:
Press safety and certification 3.6.
Page 139 and 140:
Press safety and certification tion
Page 141 and 142:
Casting components for presses Fig.
Page 143 and 144:
4 Sheet metal forming and blanking
Page 145 and 146:
Principles of die manufacture icall
Page 147 and 148:
Principles of die manufacture becau
Page 149 and 150:
Principles of die manufacture go-ah
Page 151 and 152:
Principles of die manufacture produ
Page 153 and 154:
Principles of die manufacture Fig.
Page 155 and 156:
Principles of die manufacture a b c
Page 157 and 158:
Principles of die manufacture the p
Page 159 and 160:
Metal Forming Handbook / Schuler (c
Page 161 and 162:
Principles of die manufacture 0.00
Page 163 and 164:
Principles of die manufacture blank
Page 165 and 166:
Page 167 and 168:
Page 169 and 170:
Principles of die manufacture how i
Page 171 and 172:
Principles of die manufacture spott
Page 173 and 174:
Page 175 and 176:
Page 177 and 178:
Deep drawing and stretch drawing me
Page 179 and 180:
Deep drawing and stretch drawing In
Page 181 and 182:
Deep drawing and stretch drawing ac
Page 183 and 184:
Deep drawing and stretch drawing 3
Page 185 and 186:
Deep drawing and stretch drawing 20
Page 187 and 188:
Deep drawing and stretch drawing β
Page 189 and 190:
Deep drawing and stretch drawing Ex
Page 191 and 192:
Deep drawing and stretch drawing Bl
Page 193 and 194:
Deep drawing and stretch drawing bl
Page 195 and 196:
Deep drawing and stretch drawing Ta
Page 197 and 198:
Deep drawing and stretch drawing Au
Page 199 and 200:
Deep drawing and stretch drawing Ti
Page 201 and 202:
Deep drawing and stretch drawing Hi
Page 203 and 204:
Deep drawing and stretch drawing -
Page 205 and 206:
Deep drawing and stretch drawing -
Page 207 and 208:
Deep drawing and stretch drawing se
Page 209 and 210:
Deep drawing and stretch drawing fo
Page 211 and 212:
Deep drawing and stretch drawing pu
Page 213 and 214:
Deep drawing and stretch drawing ag
Page 215 and 216:
Coil lines Fig. 4.3.1 Coil line for
Page 217 and 218:
Coil lines Fig. 4.3.3 Compact desig
Page 219 and 220:
Sheet metal forming lines In the ca
Page 221 and 222:
Sheet metal forming lines Fig. 4.4.
Page 223 and 224:
Sheet metal forming lines ing of th
Page 225 and 226:
Sheet metal forming lines (Fig. 4.4
Page 227 and 228:
Sheet metal forming lines The two l
Page 229 and 230:
Sheet metal forming lines 1,860mm a
Page 231 and 232:
Sheet metal forming lines ver’s c
Page 233 and 234:
Page 235 and 236:
Sheet metal forming lines During th
Page 237 and 238:
Sheet metal forming lines 4.4.4 Des
Page 239 and 240:
Page 241 and 242:
Page 243 and 244:
Sheet metal forming lines individua
Page 245 and 246:
Sheet metal forming lines As early
Page 247 and 248:
Sheet metal forming lines In modern
Page 249 and 250:
Sheet metal forming lines 4.4.6 Tra
Page 251 and 252:
Sheet metal forming lines protects
Page 253 and 254:
Sheet metal forming lines Within th
Page 255 and 256:
Sheet metal forming lines power req
Page 257 and 258:
Sheet metal forming lines Press lay
Page 259 and 260:
Sheet metal forming lines higher st
Page 261 and 262:
Sheet metal forming lines Draw cush
Page 263 and 264:
Sheet metal forming lines These com
Page 265 and 266:
Sheet metal forming lines motion cu
Page 267 and 268:
Sheet metal forming lines increase
Page 269 and 270:
Sheet metal forming lines (cf. Fig.
Page 271 and 272:
Sheet metal forming lines larly str
Page 273 and 274:
Sheet metal forming lines ing parts
Page 275 and 276:
Sheet metal forming lines - efficie
Page 277 and 278:
Sheet metal forming lines - Automat
Page 279 and 280:
Sheet metal forming lines Local ope
Page 281 and 282:
Sheet metal forming lines modules a
Page 283 and 284:
Sheet metal forming lines Table 4.4
Page 285 and 286:
Page 287 and 288:
Sheet metal forming lines sion foll
Page 289 and 290:
Blanking processes to complete brea
Page 291 and 292:
Blanking processes Fig. 4.5.5 Top-t
Page 293 and 294:
Blanking processes 56.8% 65.0% 67.4
Page 295 and 296:
Blanking processes a configuration
Page 297 and 298:
Blanking processes flat punch U bev
Page 299 and 300:
Blanking processes Using these equa
Page 301 and 302:
Blanking processes x S = 66. 6 (s a
Page 303 and 304:
Blanking processes 0.18 10 10.36 27
Page 305 and 306:
Shearing lines Fig. 4.6.1 Slitting
Page 307 and 308:
Shearing lines The blanking process
Page 309 and 310:
Shearing lines Blanking presses for
Page 311 and 312:
Shearing lines 4.6.3 High-speed bla
Page 313 and 314:
Shearing lines mass counterbalance
Page 315 and 316:
Shearing lines Fig. 4.6.9 Influence
Page 317 and 318:
Shearing lines Fig. 4.6.11 Rotor an
Page 319 and 320:
Shearing lines Fig. 4.6.13 Complete
Page 321 and 322:
Shearing lines Fig. 4.6.15 Complete
Page 323 and 324:
Shearing lines Fig. 4.6.17 Flexible
Page 325 and 326:
Shearing lines which run, backlash-
Page 327 and 328:
Shearing lines that up to 150 strok
Page 329 and 330:
Shearing lines Fig. 4.6.21 Automati
Page 331 and 332:
Shearing lines Fig. 4.6.24 Passenge
Page 333 and 334:
Shearing lines F F resistance weldi
Page 335 and 336:
Shearing lines In contrast to conve
Page 337 and 338:
Shearing lines The stripper plate i
Page 339 and 340:
Shearing lines Fig. 4.6.32 Examples
Page 341 and 342:
Shearing lines - provision of all i
Page 343 and 344:
Shearing lines Fig. 4.6.35 Machine
Page 345 and 346:
Shearing lines Fig. 4.6.37 Failure
Page 347 and 348:
Shearing lines Structure of the ele
Page 349 and 350:
Shearing lines interference, or whe
Page 351 and 352:
Fine blanking - smaller dimensional
Page 353 and 354:
Fine blanking f i blanking force F
Page 355 and 356:
Fine blanking blanking force F s I
Page 357 and 358:
Fine blanking plate of the die, whi
Page 359 and 360:
Fine blanking case hardening nitrit
Page 361 and 362:
Fine blanking not been soft anneale
Page 363 and 364:
Fine blanking it is also possible t
Page 365 and 366:
Fine blanking Example: We wish to p
Page 367 and 368:
Fine blanking s h S1 tearing E frac
Page 369 and 370:
Fine blanking punches, as well as t
Page 371 and 372:
Fine blanking subsequently quenched
Page 373 and 374:
Fine blanking Fig. 4.7.22 Two-stati
Page 375 and 376:
Fine blanking Blanking plate 2 is l
Page 377 and 378:
Fine blanking 1 2 5 6 3 Fig. 4.7.25
Page 379 and 380:
Fine blanking blankingpunch 1 2 inn
Page 381 and 382:
Fine blanking vee-ring piston diehe
Page 383 and 384:
Fine blanking measuring the pressur
Page 385 and 386:
Fine blanking pallets reach the sta
Page 387 and 388:
Bending Table 4.8.1 gives the small
Page 389 and 390:
Bending Accordingly, the necessary
Page 391 and 392:
Bending Example: You wish to bend a
Page 393 and 394:
Bending F F b or b 2 b ⋅s ⋅R =
Page 395 and 396:
Bending Fig. 4.8.7 Roll forming: ro
Page 397 and 398:
Bending Fig. 4.8.13 Hat sections Fi
Page 399 and 400:
Bending Table 4.8.3: Material coeff
Page 401 and 402:
Bending The roll stand for profile
Page 403 and 404:
Bending frame Fig. 4.8.23 Work shaf
Page 405 and 406:
Bending Fig. 4.8.25 Roller straight
Page 407 and 408:
Bending W W t t W Wma s Fig. 4.8.28
Page 409 and 410:
4 Sheet metal forming and blanking
Page 411 and 412:
Organization of stamping plants Whe
Page 413 and 414:
Organization of stamping plants Tab
Page 415 and 416:
Organization of stamping plants lic
Page 417 and 418:
Organization of stamping plants bat
Page 419 and 420:
Organization of stamping plants Tab
Page 421 and 422:
Organization of stamping plants ele
Page 423 and 424:
Organization of stamping plants une
Page 425 and 426:
5 Hydroforming 5.1 General One of t
Page 427 and 428:
Process technology and example appl
Page 429 and 430:
Page 431 and 432:
Page 433 and 434:
5 Hydroforming 5.3 Component develo
Page 435 and 436:
Component development a component d
Page 437 and 438:
Component development 100% D D 75%
Page 439 and 440:
Component development Pure expansio
Page 441 and 442:
Die engineering diameter and stroke
Page 443 and 444:
5 Hydroforming 5.5 Materials and pr
Page 445 and 446:
Materials and preforms for producin
Page 447 and 448:
Presses for hydroforming Controllab
Page 449 and 450:
5 Hydroforming 5.7 General consider
Page 451 and 452:
General considerations inward hole
Page 453 and 454:
6 Solid forming (Forging) 6.1 Gener
Page 455 and 456:
General lets that can be produced t
Page 457 and 458:
General Fig. 6.1.4 Examples of coin
Page 459 and 460:
General Table 6.1.1: Comparison bet
Page 461 and 462:
6 Solid forming (Forging) 6.2 Benef
Page 463 and 464:
Benefits of solid forming 6.2.2 Wor
Page 465 and 466:
Benefits of solid forming range”
Page 467 and 468:
Benefits of solid forming sions fro
Page 469 and 470:
Benefits of solid forming Where no
Page 471 and 472:
Materials, billet production and su
Page 473 and 474:
Page 475 and 476:
Page 477 and 478:
Page 479 and 480:
Page 481 and 482:
Page 483 and 484:
Page 485 and 486:
Formed part and process plan requir
Page 487 and 488:
Formed part and process plan 6.4.2
Page 489 and 490:
6 Solid forming (Forging) 6.5 Force
Page 491 and 492:
Force and work requirement d 0 d 2
Page 493 and 494:
Force and work requirement For die
Page 495 and 496:
Force and work requirement The mini
Page 497 and 498:
Force and work requirement dies) (c
Page 499 and 500:
Part transfer There is a broad rang
Page 501 and 502:
Part transfer For cold forming proc
Page 503 and 504:
Page 505 and 506:
6 Solid forming (Forging) 6.7 Die d
Page 507 and 508:
Die design wedge adjustment auxilia
Page 509 and 510:
Die design Table 6.7.1: Modular sys
Page 511 and 512:
Die design Fig. 6.7.5 Shearing die
Page 513 and 514:
Die design for radial stress � r
Page 515 and 516:
Die design The off-center applied f
Page 517 and 518:
Die design Table 6.7.4: Heat treatm
Page 519 and 520:
Die design Powder metal-manufacture
Page 521 and 522:
Die design ledeburitic 12 % chromiu
Page 523 and 524:
Die design system integrated into b
Page 525 and 526:
6 Solid forming (Forging) 6.8 Press
Page 527 and 528:
Presses used for solid forming mult
Page 529 and 530:
Presses used for solid forming slid
Page 531 and 532:
Presses used for solid forming Fig.
Page 533 and 534:
Presses used for solid forming duct
Page 535 and 536:
Page 537 and 538:
Presses used for solid forming 6.8.
Page 539 and 540:
Page 541 and 542:
Presses used for solid forming tati
Page 543 and 544:
Presses used for solid forming adeq
Page 545 and 546:
Presses used for solid forming Embo
Page 547 and 548:
Presses used for solid forming ment
Page 549 and 550:
Presses used for solid forming feed
Page 551 and 552:
Presses used for solid forming hopp
Page 553 and 554:
Presses used for solid forming coin
Page 555 and 556:
Presses used for solid forming Univ
Page 557 and 558:
Presses used for solid forming Meda
Page 559 and 560:
Presses used for solid forming CNC-
Page 561 and 562:
Presses used for solid forming forc
Page 563 and 564:
Index A.S.T.M.-standard 451 abrasio
Page 565 and 566:
Index cylinder -, counterpressure 4
Page 567 and 568:
Index flying shear 288 flywheel 51-
Page 569 and 570:
Index modified top drive 205-207 mo
Page 571 and 572:
Index sand blasting 460 sandwich co
Page 573:
Index washing/cleaning machine 219
show all

3 Fundamentals of press design

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?