3 Fundamentals of press design

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176 Sheet metal forming and blanking Table 4.2.3: Summary of the more commonly used sheet metal materials Unalloyed steels Material No. Rm [N/mm Rp0,2 or Fields of application, 2] ReL [N/mm2] A80 [%] examples St 12 10330 270...410 max. 280 28 automotive engineering USt 13 10333 270...370 max. 250 32 automotive engineering St 14 10338 270...350 max. 225 38 automotive engineering Phosphor-alloyed steels Material No. Rm [N/mm Rp0,2 or Fields of application, 2 ] ReL [N/mm2 ] A80 [%] examples ZStE 220 P 10397 340...420 220...280 30 automotive engineering ZStE 260 P 10417 380...460 260...320 28 car body work: doors, hoods, roofs ZStE 300 P 10448 420...500 300...360 26 automotive engineering Bake-hardening steels Material No. Rm [N/mm Rp0,2 or Fields of application, 2 ] ReL [N/mm2 ] A80 [%] examples ZStE 180 BH 10395 300...380 180...240 32 automotive engineering ZStE 220 BH 10396 320...400 220...280 30 automotive engineering ZStE 260 BH 10400 360...440 260...320 28 automotive engineering ZStE 300 BH 10444 400...480 300...360 26 automotive engineering Ferritic chromium steels Material No. Rm [N/mm Rp0,2 or Fields of application, 2 ] ReL [N/mm2 ] A80 [%] examples automotive engineering: bumpers, hub caps, food industry, household, X 6 Cr 17 14016 450...600 250...270 20 appliances: deep-drawing parts with high corrosion resistance properties: sink unit panelling cutlery hub caps, bumpers, X 6 CrMo 17 1 14113 480...630 260...280 20 car window frames radiator grille surrounds automotive engineering: X 6 CrTi 12 14512 390...560 200...220 20 shock absorbers, exhaust system components dairy, brewery, food industry, soap industry and dyeing plants: parts (containers) X 6 CrNb 17 14511 450...600 250...260 20 requiring welding and which are exposed to weak acid solutions Metal Forming Handbook / Schuler (c) Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1998
Deep drawing and stretch drawing Austenitic CrNi steels Material No. Rm [N/mm Rp0,2 or Fields of application, 2 ] ReL [N/mm2 ] A80 [%] examples s
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Metal Forming Handbook /Schuler (c)
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123 METAL FORMING Metal Forming Han
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Preface Following the long traditio
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Contributors ADAM, K., Dipl.-Ing. (
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Contents Index of formula symbols .
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Contents 3.6.5 Measures to be under
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Contents 5.3 Component development
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Index of formula symbols � rib an
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Index of formular symbols d inner d
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Index of formular symbols p G avera
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1 Introduction Technology has exert
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Introduction Fig. 1.1 L. Schuler, M
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2 Basic principles of metal forming
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Methods of forming and cutting tech
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2 Basic principles of metal forming
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Basic terms in which � 1 is defor
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Basic terms cation of an exterior f
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Basic terms fracture, this characte
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3 Fundamentals of press design 3.1
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Press types and press construction
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Mechanical presses , distance s[m]
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Mechanical presses stress on the fr
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Mechanical presses stroke [mm] 900
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Mechanical presses This offers a nu
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Mechanical presses or bottom mounte
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Mechanical presses In crossbar tran
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Mechanical presses with a long serv
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Mechanical presses Fig. 3.2.9 Drive
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Mechanical presses Overload safety
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Mechanical presses Slide cushion So
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Mechanical presses imum pneumatic p
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Hydraulic presses Design of the dri
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Hydraulic presses pumps suspended i
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Hydraulic presses pressure in the p
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Hydraulic presses F 4 I P (F ) max
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Hydraulic presses are two variation
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Hydraulic presses presscrown retain
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Changing dies to a weight of 3 t pr
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Changing dies gearwithguidinggroove
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Changing dies are changed in solid
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Changing dies hydraulic clamping me
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Press control systems 3.5.3 Operati
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Press control systems 3.5.4 Structu
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Press control systems The communica
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Press control systems Fig. 3.5.5 PL
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Press control systems Fig. 3.5.7 Sw
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Press control systems Other approac
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Press safety and certification 3.6.
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Press safety and certification with
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Press safety and certification - st
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Press safety and certification Manu
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Press safety and certification pres
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Press safety and certification 3.6.
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Press safety and certification tion
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Casting components for presses Fig.
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4 Sheet metal forming and blanking
Page 145 and 146: Principles of die manufacture icall
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Page 151 and 152: Principles of die manufacture produ
Page 153 and 154: Principles of die manufacture Fig.
Page 155 and 156: Principles of die manufacture a b c
Page 157 and 158: Principles of die manufacture the p
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Page 161 and 162: Principles of die manufacture 0.00
Page 163 and 164: Principles of die manufacture blank
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Page 169 and 170: Principles of die manufacture how i
Page 171 and 172: Principles of die manufacture spott
Page 177 and 178: Deep drawing and stretch drawing me
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Page 185 and 186: Deep drawing and stretch drawing 20
Page 187 and 188: Deep drawing and stretch drawing β
Page 189 and 190: Deep drawing and stretch drawing Ex
Page 191 and 192: Deep drawing and stretch drawing Bl
Page 193 and 194: Deep drawing and stretch drawing bl
Page 195: Deep drawing and stretch drawing Ta
Page 199 and 200: Deep drawing and stretch drawing Ti
Page 201 and 202: Deep drawing and stretch drawing Hi
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Page 207 and 208: Deep drawing and stretch drawing se
Page 209 and 210: Deep drawing and stretch drawing fo
Page 211 and 212: Deep drawing and stretch drawing pu
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Page 215 and 216: Coil lines Fig. 4.3.1 Coil line for
Page 217 and 218: Coil lines Fig. 4.3.3 Compact desig
Page 219 and 220: Sheet metal forming lines In the ca
Page 221 and 222: Sheet metal forming lines Fig. 4.4.
Page 223 and 224: Sheet metal forming lines ing of th
Page 225 and 226: Sheet metal forming lines (Fig. 4.4
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Page 229 and 230: Sheet metal forming lines 1,860mm a
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Page 235 and 236: Sheet metal forming lines During th
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Page 245 and 246: Sheet metal forming lines As early
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Sheet metal forming lines In modern
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Sheet metal forming lines 4.4.6 Tra
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Sheet metal forming lines protects
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Sheet metal forming lines Within th
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Sheet metal forming lines power req
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Sheet metal forming lines Press lay
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Sheet metal forming lines higher st
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Sheet metal forming lines Draw cush
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Sheet metal forming lines These com
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Sheet metal forming lines motion cu
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Sheet metal forming lines increase
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Sheet metal forming lines (cf. Fig.
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Sheet metal forming lines larly str
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Sheet metal forming lines ing parts
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Sheet metal forming lines - efficie
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Sheet metal forming lines - Automat
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Sheet metal forming lines Local ope
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Sheet metal forming lines modules a
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Sheet metal forming lines Table 4.4
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Sheet metal forming lines Fig. 4.4.
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Sheet metal forming lines sion foll
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Blanking processes to complete brea
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Blanking processes Fig. 4.5.5 Top-t
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Blanking processes 56.8% 65.0% 67.4
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Blanking processes a configuration
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Blanking processes flat punch U bev
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Blanking processes Using these equa
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Blanking processes x S = 66. 6 (s a
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Blanking processes 0.18 10 10.36 27
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Shearing lines Fig. 4.6.1 Slitting
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Shearing lines The blanking process
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Shearing lines Blanking presses for
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Shearing lines 4.6.3 High-speed bla
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Shearing lines mass counterbalance
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Shearing lines Fig. 4.6.9 Influence
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Shearing lines Fig. 4.6.11 Rotor an
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Shearing lines Fig. 4.6.13 Complete
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Shearing lines Fig. 4.6.15 Complete
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Shearing lines Fig. 4.6.17 Flexible
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Shearing lines which run, backlash-
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Shearing lines that up to 150 strok
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Shearing lines Fig. 4.6.21 Automati
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Shearing lines Fig. 4.6.24 Passenge
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Shearing lines F F resistance weldi
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Shearing lines In contrast to conve
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Shearing lines The stripper plate i
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Shearing lines Fig. 4.6.32 Examples
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Shearing lines - provision of all i
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Shearing lines Fig. 4.6.35 Machine
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Shearing lines Fig. 4.6.37 Failure
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Shearing lines Structure of the ele
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Shearing lines interference, or whe
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Fine blanking - smaller dimensional
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Fine blanking f i blanking force F
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Fine blanking blanking force F s I
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Fine blanking plate of the die, whi
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Fine blanking case hardening nitrit
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Fine blanking not been soft anneale
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Fine blanking it is also possible t
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Fine blanking Example: We wish to p
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Fine blanking s h S1 tearing E frac
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Fine blanking punches, as well as t
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Fine blanking subsequently quenched
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Fine blanking Fig. 4.7.22 Two-stati
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Fine blanking Blanking plate 2 is l
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Fine blanking 1 2 5 6 3 Fig. 4.7.25
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Fine blanking blankingpunch 1 2 inn
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Fine blanking vee-ring piston diehe
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Fine blanking measuring the pressur
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Fine blanking pallets reach the sta
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Bending Table 4.8.1 gives the small
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Bending Accordingly, the necessary
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Bending Example: You wish to bend a
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Bending F F b or b 2 b ⋅s ⋅R =
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Bending Fig. 4.8.7 Roll forming: ro
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Bending Fig. 4.8.13 Hat sections Fi
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Bending Table 4.8.3: Material coeff
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Bending The roll stand for profile
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Bending frame Fig. 4.8.23 Work shaf
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Bending Fig. 4.8.25 Roller straight
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Bending W W t t W Wma s Fig. 4.8.28
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4 Sheet metal forming and blanking
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Organization of stamping plants Whe
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Organization of stamping plants Tab
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Organization of stamping plants lic
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Organization of stamping plants bat
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Organization of stamping plants Tab
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Organization of stamping plants ele
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Organization of stamping plants une
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5 Hydroforming 5.1 General One of t
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Process technology and example appl
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5 Hydroforming 5.3 Component develo
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Component development a component d
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Component development 100% D D 75%
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Component development Pure expansio
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Die engineering diameter and stroke
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5 Hydroforming 5.5 Materials and pr
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Materials and preforms for producin
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Presses for hydroforming Controllab
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5 Hydroforming 5.7 General consider
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General considerations inward hole
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6 Solid forming (Forging) 6.1 Gener
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General lets that can be produced t
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General Fig. 6.1.4 Examples of coin
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General Table 6.1.1: Comparison bet
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6 Solid forming (Forging) 6.2 Benef
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Benefits of solid forming 6.2.2 Wor
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Benefits of solid forming range”
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Benefits of solid forming sions fro
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Benefits of solid forming Where no
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Materials, billet production and su
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Formed part and process plan requir
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Formed part and process plan 6.4.2
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6 Solid forming (Forging) 6.5 Force
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Force and work requirement d 0 d 2
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Force and work requirement For die
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Force and work requirement The mini
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Force and work requirement dies) (c
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Part transfer There is a broad rang
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Part transfer For cold forming proc
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Metal Forming Handbook / Schuler (c
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6 Solid forming (Forging) 6.7 Die d
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Die design wedge adjustment auxilia
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Die design Table 6.7.1: Modular sys
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Die design Fig. 6.7.5 Shearing die
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Die design for radial stress � r
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Die design The off-center applied f
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Die design Table 6.7.4: Heat treatm
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Die design Powder metal-manufacture
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Die design ledeburitic 12 % chromiu
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Die design system integrated into b
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6 Solid forming (Forging) 6.8 Press
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Presses used for solid forming mult
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Presses used for solid forming slid
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Presses used for solid forming Fig.
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Presses used for solid forming duct
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Presses used for solid forming 6.8.
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Presses used for solid forming tati
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Presses used for solid forming adeq
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Presses used for solid forming Embo
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Presses used for solid forming ment
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Presses used for solid forming feed
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Presses used for solid forming hopp
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Presses used for solid forming coin
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Presses used for solid forming Univ
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Presses used for solid forming Meda
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Presses used for solid forming CNC-
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Presses used for solid forming forc
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Index A.S.T.M.-standard 451 abrasio
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Index cylinder -, counterpressure 4
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Index flying shear 288 flywheel 51-
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Index modified top drive 205-207 mo
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Index sand blasting 460 sandwich co
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Index washing/cleaning machine 219
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