3 Fundamentals of press design

Die design
Table 6.7.4: Heat treatment of cold, warm and hot forging tool steels
Die material II / Cold forging tool steels / Active components
No. Heat treatment (°C) Hardness Cooling Application/hardness (HRC/N/mm2 Quenching
)
Annealing Hardening medium Tempering (customary) Water
1.2363 800-840 930-970 Ö,WB 400 180-400 60 +/–1 blanking/punching dies
1.2369 800-840 1,070-1,100 Ö,WB 450-550 550 61 +/–1 punches, blanking/punching dies
1.2379 840-860 1,040-1,080 Ö,L,WB 400 180-250 60 +/–1 punches, dies
1.2709 840 480 L – 55 shrink ring
1.2713 650-700 830-870 Ö 300-650 45 +/–1 P,Ö,(W) shrink/intermediate ring and
1.2714 650-700 860-900 L 300-650 45 +/–1 P,Ö,(W) pressure pin (53+/-1 HRC, 1,150 N/mm2 )
1.2767 610-630 840-870 W,Ö,L 160-250 54 +/–1 punch, mandrel, one piece press container
1.3343 1,100-900 790-820 Ö,L,WB 550 540-560 62 +/–1 punch, die (insert), press container and
1.3344 1,100-900 770-820 Ö,L,WB 550 550-570 62 +/–1 counterpunch, mandrel
Die material II / Hot, warm forging tool steels / Active components
No. Heat treatment (°C)
Quenching
Hardness Cooling Application/hardness
Annealing Hardening medium Tempering (customary)
HRC
1.2713 650-700 830-870 Ö 300-650 42 +2 P,Ö,(W) shrink/intermediate ring and
1.2714 650-700 860-900 L 300-650 42 +2 P,Ö,(W) pressure pin (52+2 HRC, 1,150 N/mm2 )
1.2343 750-800 1,000-1,040 L,Ö,WB 500-550 550-650 50 +2 W,P,Ö die (insert), shrink ring (45+/–1 HRC)
1.2344 750-800 1,020-1,060 L,Ö,WB 500-550 550-650 50 +2 P,Ö mandrel and counterpunch
1.2365 750-800 1,020-1,060 Ö,WB 500-550 500-670 50 +2 (W),L,P,Ö die (insert), punch and
1.2367 750-800 1,060-1,100 L,Ö,WB 500-550 600-700 54 +2 (W),L,P,Ö counterpunch
1.2606 750-790 1,020-1,050 Ö,L,WB 500-550 550-650 W,L,P,Ö
1.2622 760-800 1,150-1,200 Ö,WB 500-550 500-650 56 +2 L,Ö blanking die
W = water WB = water bath L = air P = compressed air Ö = oil
contrast, are not quite as favorable. The high-speed steel S10-4-3-10
(1.3207) offers outstanding wear characteristics, but tends to be more
brittle. The materials X155CrVMo121 (1.2379) and S-6-5-2/S-6-10-2
(1.3343/44) represent a compromise concerning wear and toughness
characteristics: Their tempering resistance can also be considered to be
very good at 550 °C. The most important criterion to be considered
when selecting a tool material is the type and extent of load, followed
by the layout and geometry of the die.
Table 6.7.3 provides a summary of the most commonly used tool
materials for cold and warm forming. The table also specifies the designations
of comparable steels from the USA or Japan and their compositions.
Table 6.7.4 describes the heat treatment, i.e. the annealing tem-
Metal Forming Handbook / Schuler (c) Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1998
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