3 Fundamentals of press design

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518 Solid forming (Forging) Feed systems A number of different feed systems can be used to transfer the parts through the press and into the dies. The so-called transfer feed system is the dominating method for vertical multiple-step presses. Feed systems come in a dual-axis version, or with an additional lifting stroke for long parts, in the form of a tri-axis transfer. The control cams are driven in mechanical presses by direct coupling with the press drive system. In the case of hydraulic presses, the various units are actuated by servo drive systems (Fig. 6.8.11). Hydraulically driven swivel-mounted grippers are used to transport heavy pressed parts with weights over 5 kg (Fig. 6.8.12). The controlled grippers are configured for a substantially higher clamping force than is possible using transfer feed systems. The swivel-mounted grippers generally execute a lifting movement. A loading arm (swivel or linear movement) is used to transfer the parts from the loading station into the first pressing station, and one gripper arm is allocated to each die station. Fig. 6.8.11 Two-axis transfer feed Metal Forming Handbook / Schuler (c) Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1998
Presses used for solid forming Fig. 6.8.12 Swivel arm feed for pressed parts with piece weights up to 15 kg In addition to these systems, a number of other feed devices is used including the freely programmable handling robot. In horizontal multiple-station presses, gripper arms powered individually by cams or servo drive systems are used. Weight control When billets are prepared, weight differences are unavoidable. These are the result not only of length tolerances occurring during the billet separation, but also (sometimes to a far greater extent) of diameter tolerances in the starting material. Particularly when using closed (trapped) die systems, exceeding the admissible blank weight may cause die failure. When transporting the container filled with billets to the intermediate treatment processes and to the press, it is also possible for parts to be accidentally placed in the wrong containers. This can naturally lead to die damage when pressing. In order to eliminate the risk of feeding incorrect parts, automated press lines are frequently equipped with a Metal Forming Handbook / Schuler (c) Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1998 519
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Metal Forming Handbook /Schuler (c)
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123 METAL FORMING Metal Forming Han
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Preface Following the long traditio
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Contributors ADAM, K., Dipl.-Ing. (
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Contents Index of formula symbols .
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Contents 3.6.5 Measures to be under
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Contents 5.3 Component development
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Index of formula symbols � rib an
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Index of formular symbols d inner d
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Index of formular symbols p G avera
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1 Introduction Technology has exert
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Introduction Fig. 1.1 L. Schuler, M
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2 Basic principles of metal forming
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Methods of forming and cutting tech
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2 Basic principles of metal forming
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Basic terms in which � 1 is defor
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Basic terms cation of an exterior f
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Basic terms fracture, this characte
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3 Fundamentals of press design 3.1
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Press types and press construction
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Mechanical presses , distance s[m]
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Mechanical presses stress on the fr
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Mechanical presses stroke [mm] 900
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Mechanical presses This offers a nu
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Mechanical presses or bottom mounte
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Mechanical presses In crossbar tran
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Mechanical presses with a long serv
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Mechanical presses Fig. 3.2.9 Drive
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Mechanical presses Overload safety
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Mechanical presses Slide cushion So
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Mechanical presses imum pneumatic p
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Hydraulic presses Design of the dri
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Hydraulic presses pumps suspended i
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Hydraulic presses pressure in the p
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Hydraulic presses F 4 I P (F ) max
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Hydraulic presses are two variation
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Hydraulic presses presscrown retain
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Changing dies to a weight of 3 t pr
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Changing dies gearwithguidinggroove
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Changing dies are changed in solid
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Changing dies hydraulic clamping me
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Press control systems 3.5.3 Operati
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Press control systems 3.5.4 Structu
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Press control systems The communica
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Press control systems Fig. 3.5.5 PL
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Press control systems Fig. 3.5.7 Sw
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Press control systems Other approac
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Press safety and certification 3.6.
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Press safety and certification with
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Press safety and certification - st
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Press safety and certification Manu
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Press safety and certification pres
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Press safety and certification 3.6.
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Press safety and certification tion
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Casting components for presses Fig.
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4 Sheet metal forming and blanking
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Principles of die manufacture icall
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Principles of die manufacture becau
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Principles of die manufacture go-ah
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Principles of die manufacture produ
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Principles of die manufacture Fig.
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Principles of die manufacture a b c
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Principles of die manufacture the p
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Metal Forming Handbook / Schuler (c
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Principles of die manufacture 0.00
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Principles of die manufacture blank
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Metal Forming Handbook / Schuler (c
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Principles of die manufacture how i
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Principles of die manufacture spott
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Deep drawing and stretch drawing me
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Deep drawing and stretch drawing In
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Deep drawing and stretch drawing ac
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Deep drawing and stretch drawing 3
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Deep drawing and stretch drawing 20
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Deep drawing and stretch drawing β
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Deep drawing and stretch drawing Ex
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Deep drawing and stretch drawing Bl
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Deep drawing and stretch drawing bl
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Deep drawing and stretch drawing Ta
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Deep drawing and stretch drawing Au
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Deep drawing and stretch drawing Ti
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Deep drawing and stretch drawing Hi
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Deep drawing and stretch drawing -
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Deep drawing and stretch drawing -
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Deep drawing and stretch drawing se
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Deep drawing and stretch drawing fo
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Deep drawing and stretch drawing pu
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Deep drawing and stretch drawing ag
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Coil lines Fig. 4.3.1 Coil line for
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Coil lines Fig. 4.3.3 Compact desig
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Sheet metal forming lines In the ca
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Sheet metal forming lines Fig. 4.4.
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Sheet metal forming lines ing of th
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Sheet metal forming lines (Fig. 4.4
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Sheet metal forming lines The two l
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Sheet metal forming lines 1,860mm a
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Sheet metal forming lines ver’s c
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Sheet metal forming lines During th
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Sheet metal forming lines 4.4.4 Des
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Sheet metal forming lines individua
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Sheet metal forming lines As early
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Sheet metal forming lines In modern
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Sheet metal forming lines 4.4.6 Tra
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Sheet metal forming lines protects
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Sheet metal forming lines Within th
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Sheet metal forming lines power req
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Sheet metal forming lines Press lay
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Sheet metal forming lines higher st
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Sheet metal forming lines Draw cush
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Sheet metal forming lines These com
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Sheet metal forming lines motion cu
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Sheet metal forming lines increase
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Sheet metal forming lines (cf. Fig.
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Sheet metal forming lines larly str
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Sheet metal forming lines ing parts
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Sheet metal forming lines - efficie
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Sheet metal forming lines - Automat
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Sheet metal forming lines Local ope
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Sheet metal forming lines modules a
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Sheet metal forming lines Table 4.4
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Sheet metal forming lines sion foll
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Blanking processes to complete brea
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Blanking processes Fig. 4.5.5 Top-t
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Blanking processes 56.8% 65.0% 67.4
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Blanking processes a configuration
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Blanking processes flat punch U bev
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Blanking processes Using these equa
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Blanking processes x S = 66. 6 (s a
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Blanking processes 0.18 10 10.36 27
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Shearing lines Fig. 4.6.1 Slitting
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Shearing lines The blanking process
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Shearing lines Blanking presses for
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Shearing lines 4.6.3 High-speed bla
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Shearing lines mass counterbalance
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Shearing lines Fig. 4.6.9 Influence
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Shearing lines Fig. 4.6.11 Rotor an
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Shearing lines Fig. 4.6.13 Complete
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Shearing lines Fig. 4.6.15 Complete
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Shearing lines Fig. 4.6.17 Flexible
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Shearing lines which run, backlash-
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Shearing lines that up to 150 strok
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Shearing lines Fig. 4.6.21 Automati
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Shearing lines Fig. 4.6.24 Passenge
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Shearing lines F F resistance weldi
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Shearing lines In contrast to conve
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Shearing lines The stripper plate i
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Shearing lines Fig. 4.6.32 Examples
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Shearing lines - provision of all i
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Shearing lines Fig. 4.6.35 Machine
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Shearing lines Fig. 4.6.37 Failure
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Shearing lines Structure of the ele
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Shearing lines interference, or whe
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Fine blanking - smaller dimensional
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Fine blanking f i blanking force F
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Fine blanking blanking force F s I
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Fine blanking plate of the die, whi
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Fine blanking case hardening nitrit
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Fine blanking not been soft anneale
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Fine blanking it is also possible t
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Fine blanking Example: We wish to p
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Fine blanking s h S1 tearing E frac
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Fine blanking punches, as well as t
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Fine blanking subsequently quenched
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Fine blanking Fig. 4.7.22 Two-stati
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Fine blanking Blanking plate 2 is l
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Fine blanking 1 2 5 6 3 Fig. 4.7.25
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Fine blanking blankingpunch 1 2 inn
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Fine blanking vee-ring piston diehe
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Fine blanking measuring the pressur
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Fine blanking pallets reach the sta
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Bending Table 4.8.1 gives the small
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Bending Accordingly, the necessary
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Bending Example: You wish to bend a
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Bending F F b or b 2 b ⋅s ⋅R =
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Bending Fig. 4.8.7 Roll forming: ro
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Bending Fig. 4.8.13 Hat sections Fi
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Bending Table 4.8.3: Material coeff
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Bending The roll stand for profile
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Bending frame Fig. 4.8.23 Work shaf
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Bending Fig. 4.8.25 Roller straight
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Bending W W t t W Wma s Fig. 4.8.28
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4 Sheet metal forming and blanking
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Organization of stamping plants Whe
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Organization of stamping plants Tab
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Organization of stamping plants lic
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Organization of stamping plants bat
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Organization of stamping plants Tab
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Organization of stamping plants ele
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Organization of stamping plants une
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5 Hydroforming 5.1 General One of t
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Process technology and example appl
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5 Hydroforming 5.3 Component develo
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Component development a component d
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Component development 100% D D 75%
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Component development Pure expansio
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Die engineering diameter and stroke
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5 Hydroforming 5.5 Materials and pr
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Materials and preforms for producin
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Presses for hydroforming Controllab
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5 Hydroforming 5.7 General consider
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General considerations inward hole
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6 Solid forming (Forging) 6.1 Gener
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General lets that can be produced t
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General Fig. 6.1.4 Examples of coin
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General Table 6.1.1: Comparison bet
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6 Solid forming (Forging) 6.2 Benef
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Benefits of solid forming 6.2.2 Wor
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Benefits of solid forming range”
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Benefits of solid forming sions fro
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Benefits of solid forming Where no
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Materials, billet production and su
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Formed part and process plan requir
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Page 489 and 490: 6 Solid forming (Forging) 6.5 Force
Page 491 and 492: Force and work requirement d 0 d 2
Page 493 and 494: Force and work requirement For die
Page 495 and 496: Force and work requirement The mini
Page 497 and 498: Force and work requirement dies) (c
Page 499 and 500: Part transfer There is a broad rang
Page 501 and 502: Part transfer For cold forming proc
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Page 505 and 506: 6 Solid forming (Forging) 6.7 Die d
Page 507 and 508: Die design wedge adjustment auxilia
Page 509 and 510: Die design Table 6.7.1: Modular sys
Page 511 and 512: Die design Fig. 6.7.5 Shearing die
Page 513 and 514: Die design for radial stress � r
Page 515 and 516: Die design The off-center applied f
Page 517 and 518: Die design Table 6.7.4: Heat treatm
Page 519 and 520: Die design Powder metal-manufacture
Page 521 and 522: Die design ledeburitic 12 % chromiu
Page 523 and 524: Die design system integrated into b
Page 525 and 526: 6 Solid forming (Forging) 6.8 Press
Page 527 and 528: Presses used for solid forming mult
Page 529 and 530: Presses used for solid forming slid
Page 531 and 532: Presses used for solid forming Fig.
Page 533 and 534: Presses used for solid forming duct
Page 535 and 536: Presses used for solid forming Fig.
Page 537: Presses used for solid forming 6.8.
Page 541 and 542: Presses used for solid forming tati
Page 543 and 544: Presses used for solid forming adeq
Page 545 and 546: Presses used for solid forming Embo
Page 547 and 548: Presses used for solid forming ment
Page 549 and 550: Presses used for solid forming feed
Page 551 and 552: Presses used for solid forming hopp
Page 553 and 554: Presses used for solid forming coin
Page 555 and 556: Presses used for solid forming Univ
Page 557 and 558: Presses used for solid forming Meda
Page 559 and 560: Presses used for solid forming CNC-
Page 561 and 562: Presses used for solid forming forc
Page 563 and 564: Index A.S.T.M.-standard 451 abrasio
Page 565 and 566: Index cylinder -, counterpressure 4
Page 567 and 568: Index flying shear 288 flywheel 51-
Page 569 and 570: Index modified top drive 205-207 mo
Page 571 and 572: Index sand blasting 460 sandwich co
Page 573: Index washing/cleaning machine 219
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3 Fundamentals of press design

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