3 Fundamentals of press design

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Index straightening roller 385, 388 straight-sided press 34, 297 strain hardening 415, 423, 425, 432 stress –, effective 416 –, largest 28 –, mean 28 –, principle 25 f. –, smallest 28 stress relief annealing 122 stretch drawing 15, 22, 156-193 –, blank holder 22 stretch forming 14 f. strip drawing 10 strip layout 356 strip length 271, 273 strip perforating press 314, 318 strip width 270 f., 273 stripper 144, 269, 304, 315-319 stripper slide 316 stripping 274 stripping force 333, 355 f., 358 stroke adjustment 69 stroke limitation 82 f., 191, 250 suction cup 217 surface fatigue 183 surface hardening process 142, 146 surface quality 443 f., 447 f. surface treatment 457, 459-463 swing arm feeder 226-228 switch cabinet 258, 326 swivel bending 16 f. swivel mounted shear 287 swivelling bracket 86 swivelling die 290 synchronous overload clutch 533 synchronous tapered cup 365 synoptic 260 f. system of measurement, technical 32 T section 377 tailored blank 309-313 tapering 9 team work 320 tearing 19, 21, 346 technical system of measurement 32 telescopic roll set 380 tensile strength 174, 449 tensile test specimen 175 T-fitting 406 f., 409 thermoplastics, glass-fiber reinforced 251 f. thickness distribution 416 thickness related defect 530 three-phase asynchronous motor 100 tie rod 36 tilt moment 81 f. tilting block 127 tilting mechanism 479 tin 454 tin bronze 453 titanium 179, 454 titanium alloy 179 tolerance 444 tool see „die“ tool breakage safety system 363 tool data management 321, 323 tool-dependent hydroforming 406 tooling 391 –, part-dependent 154, 238, 245 tooling data input mask 96 top drive 59 top to tail arrangement 270 top-driven press 37 transfer 244 –, electrically driven transfer 239 –, motion curve 239 transfer die 125, 345, 355 transfer feed system 518 transfer press 35, 125, 229-234, 391 –, high-performance transfer press 201 –, large-panel transfer press 125, 391, 393, 396 transfer simulator 154 f. transformation annealing 121 transition radius 466 transport length 505 transportation time 198, 394 transverse shaft drive 63 f. tri-axis transfer 201, 231 f., 238 tribology 179 trimming 23, 435 trimming module 214 triple stroke 537 troubleshooting 101, 321 try-out 136 –, home try-out 130 –, series try-out 130 try-out center 152 f. try-out equipment 148-154 try-out press 148, 391 T-slot 88, 92 T-slot clamp 92 T-track 90, 152 f., 228, 290 tube extrusion 433 f. tube section 456 tubular blank 414, 416, 424 f. tumbling 460 Metal Forming Handbook / Schuler (c) Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1998 turning device 44 turnover device for blank stacks 220 turnover station 227 –, blank turnover station 217-222 –, drum turning device 220 –, fork turning device 221 twisting 18 two-point configuration 39 two-point slide drive 506 type test 111 U/C section 376 ultimate elongation 175, 423 ultrasound detection 122 unalloyed steel 174, 176 undercut 466 unit of measurement 31 f. unit system, international 31 universal minting press 534 universal press 198-208, 391 universal station 155, 228, 238, 247 upright 34 upset ratio 467 upsetting 440, 477 upsetting die 435, 476 upsetting/compression 27 f., 405, 407, 410, 435, 445, 476 f. uptime 395 used machine 116 utilization rate 398 f. valve 79 valve block 72 variation in diameter 466 vee-ring 332, 335 vee-ring force 356 f., 360 vee-ring piston 361 f. vee-ring plate 353 f. vibrating conveyor 479 vibration characteristic 295 viscosity 183 visualization 96 volume calculation 466 volume constancy 28, 443 volumetric adjustment 467 V-prism gib 39 wall friction 469 wall thickness 465 wall thickness tolerance 446 warm extrusion 445 warm forging 438 f., 451 warm forming 437, 506 warm forming line 520-522 561
Index washing/cleaning machine 219 waste chute 144 water container 185, 187 f., 190 wear 179-185 wear at surface layer 182 wear mechanism 179, 181 f. wear resistance 183 wear resistant coating 500 wedge adjustment 66, 486-488 wedge-action cutting 19, 21 wedge-action pusher die 490 wedge-type clamps 490 wide strip section 377 wire 454 f. wire feed device 512 work 29 f., 49-54, 506 f –, bending 372 –, blanking 274, 276 f. –, deformation 30 –, draw energy 173 –, forming 53, 472 – velocity 506 work hardening 339 work requirement 282, 469-477 working period 395, 398 wrinkle bulging 13 wrinkling 140 f. Metal Forming Handbook / Schuler (c) Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1998 X-ray detection 122 yield strength 449 –, lower yield strength 175 Z section 377 zinc 454 zinc phosphate layer 461 zinc soap layer 461 zirconium 454 563
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Metal Forming Handbook /Schuler (c)
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123 METAL FORMING Metal Forming Han
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Preface Following the long traditio
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Contributors ADAM, K., Dipl.-Ing. (
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Contents Index of formula symbols .
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Contents 3.6.5 Measures to be under
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Contents 5.3 Component development
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Index of formula symbols � rib an
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Index of formular symbols d inner d
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Index of formular symbols p G avera
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1 Introduction Technology has exert
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Introduction Fig. 1.1 L. Schuler, M
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2 Basic principles of metal forming
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Methods of forming and cutting tech
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2 Basic principles of metal forming
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Basic terms in which � 1 is defor
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Basic terms cation of an exterior f
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Basic terms fracture, this characte
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3 Fundamentals of press design 3.1
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Press types and press construction
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Mechanical presses , distance s[m]
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Mechanical presses stress on the fr
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Mechanical presses stroke [mm] 900
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Mechanical presses This offers a nu
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Mechanical presses or bottom mounte
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Mechanical presses In crossbar tran
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Mechanical presses with a long serv
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Mechanical presses Fig. 3.2.9 Drive
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Mechanical presses Overload safety
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Mechanical presses Slide cushion So
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Mechanical presses imum pneumatic p
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Hydraulic presses Design of the dri
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Hydraulic presses pumps suspended i
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Hydraulic presses pressure in the p
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Hydraulic presses F 4 I P (F ) max
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Hydraulic presses are two variation
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Hydraulic presses presscrown retain
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Changing dies to a weight of 3 t pr
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Changing dies gearwithguidinggroove
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Changing dies are changed in solid
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Changing dies hydraulic clamping me
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Press control systems 3.5.3 Operati
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Press control systems 3.5.4 Structu
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Press control systems The communica
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Press control systems Fig. 3.5.5 PL
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Press control systems Fig. 3.5.7 Sw
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Press control systems Other approac
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Press safety and certification 3.6.
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Press safety and certification with
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Press safety and certification - st
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Press safety and certification Manu
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Press safety and certification pres
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Press safety and certification 3.6.
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Press safety and certification tion
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Casting components for presses Fig.
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4 Sheet metal forming and blanking
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Principles of die manufacture icall
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Principles of die manufacture becau
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Principles of die manufacture go-ah
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Principles of die manufacture produ
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Principles of die manufacture Fig.
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Principles of die manufacture a b c
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Principles of die manufacture the p
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Metal Forming Handbook / Schuler (c
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Principles of die manufacture 0.00
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Principles of die manufacture blank
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Principles of die manufacture how i
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Principles of die manufacture spott
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Deep drawing and stretch drawing me
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Deep drawing and stretch drawing In
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Deep drawing and stretch drawing ac
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Deep drawing and stretch drawing 3
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Deep drawing and stretch drawing 20
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Deep drawing and stretch drawing β
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Deep drawing and stretch drawing Ex
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Deep drawing and stretch drawing Bl
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Deep drawing and stretch drawing bl
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Deep drawing and stretch drawing Ta
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Deep drawing and stretch drawing Au
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Deep drawing and stretch drawing Ti
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Deep drawing and stretch drawing Hi
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Deep drawing and stretch drawing -
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Deep drawing and stretch drawing -
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Deep drawing and stretch drawing se
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Deep drawing and stretch drawing fo
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Deep drawing and stretch drawing pu
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Deep drawing and stretch drawing ag
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Coil lines Fig. 4.3.1 Coil line for
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Coil lines Fig. 4.3.3 Compact desig
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Sheet metal forming lines In the ca
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Sheet metal forming lines Fig. 4.4.
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Sheet metal forming lines ing of th
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Sheet metal forming lines (Fig. 4.4
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Sheet metal forming lines The two l
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Sheet metal forming lines 1,860mm a
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Sheet metal forming lines ver’s c
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Sheet metal forming lines During th
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Sheet metal forming lines 4.4.4 Des
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Sheet metal forming lines individua
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Sheet metal forming lines As early
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Sheet metal forming lines In modern
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Sheet metal forming lines 4.4.6 Tra
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Sheet metal forming lines protects
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Sheet metal forming lines Within th
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Sheet metal forming lines power req
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Sheet metal forming lines Press lay
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Sheet metal forming lines higher st
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Sheet metal forming lines Draw cush
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Sheet metal forming lines These com
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Sheet metal forming lines motion cu
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Sheet metal forming lines increase
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Sheet metal forming lines (cf. Fig.
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Sheet metal forming lines larly str
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Sheet metal forming lines ing parts
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Sheet metal forming lines - efficie
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Sheet metal forming lines - Automat
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Sheet metal forming lines Local ope
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Sheet metal forming lines modules a
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Sheet metal forming lines Table 4.4
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Sheet metal forming lines sion foll
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Blanking processes to complete brea
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Blanking processes Fig. 4.5.5 Top-t
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Blanking processes 56.8% 65.0% 67.4
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Blanking processes a configuration
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Blanking processes flat punch U bev
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Blanking processes Using these equa
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Blanking processes x S = 66. 6 (s a
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Blanking processes 0.18 10 10.36 27
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Shearing lines Fig. 4.6.1 Slitting
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Shearing lines The blanking process
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Shearing lines Blanking presses for
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Shearing lines 4.6.3 High-speed bla
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Shearing lines mass counterbalance
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Shearing lines Fig. 4.6.9 Influence
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Shearing lines Fig. 4.6.11 Rotor an
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Shearing lines Fig. 4.6.13 Complete
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Shearing lines Fig. 4.6.15 Complete
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Shearing lines Fig. 4.6.17 Flexible
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Shearing lines which run, backlash-
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Shearing lines that up to 150 strok
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Shearing lines Fig. 4.6.21 Automati
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Shearing lines Fig. 4.6.24 Passenge
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Shearing lines F F resistance weldi
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Shearing lines In contrast to conve
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Shearing lines The stripper plate i
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Shearing lines Fig. 4.6.32 Examples
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Shearing lines - provision of all i
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Shearing lines Fig. 4.6.35 Machine
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Shearing lines Fig. 4.6.37 Failure
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Shearing lines Structure of the ele
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Shearing lines interference, or whe
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Fine blanking - smaller dimensional
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Fine blanking f i blanking force F
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Fine blanking blanking force F s I
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Fine blanking plate of the die, whi
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Fine blanking case hardening nitrit
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Fine blanking not been soft anneale
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Fine blanking it is also possible t
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Fine blanking Example: We wish to p
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Fine blanking s h S1 tearing E frac
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Fine blanking punches, as well as t
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Fine blanking subsequently quenched
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Fine blanking Fig. 4.7.22 Two-stati
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Fine blanking Blanking plate 2 is l
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Fine blanking 1 2 5 6 3 Fig. 4.7.25
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Fine blanking blankingpunch 1 2 inn
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Fine blanking vee-ring piston diehe
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Fine blanking measuring the pressur
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Fine blanking pallets reach the sta
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Bending Table 4.8.1 gives the small
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Bending Accordingly, the necessary
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Bending Example: You wish to bend a
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Bending F F b or b 2 b ⋅s ⋅R =
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Bending Fig. 4.8.7 Roll forming: ro
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Bending Fig. 4.8.13 Hat sections Fi
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Bending Table 4.8.3: Material coeff
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Bending The roll stand for profile
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Bending frame Fig. 4.8.23 Work shaf
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Bending Fig. 4.8.25 Roller straight
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Bending W W t t W Wma s Fig. 4.8.28
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4 Sheet metal forming and blanking
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Organization of stamping plants Whe
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Organization of stamping plants Tab
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Organization of stamping plants lic
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Organization of stamping plants bat
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Organization of stamping plants Tab
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Organization of stamping plants ele
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Organization of stamping plants une
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5 Hydroforming 5.1 General One of t
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Process technology and example appl
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5 Hydroforming 5.3 Component develo
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Component development a component d
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Component development 100% D D 75%
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Component development Pure expansio
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Die engineering diameter and stroke
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5 Hydroforming 5.5 Materials and pr
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Materials and preforms for producin
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Presses for hydroforming Controllab
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5 Hydroforming 5.7 General consider
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General considerations inward hole
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6 Solid forming (Forging) 6.1 Gener
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General lets that can be produced t
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General Fig. 6.1.4 Examples of coin
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General Table 6.1.1: Comparison bet
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6 Solid forming (Forging) 6.2 Benef
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Benefits of solid forming 6.2.2 Wor
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Benefits of solid forming range”
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Benefits of solid forming sions fro
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Benefits of solid forming Where no
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Materials, billet production and su
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Formed part and process plan requir
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Formed part and process plan 6.4.2
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6 Solid forming (Forging) 6.5 Force
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Force and work requirement d 0 d 2
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Force and work requirement For die
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Force and work requirement The mini
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Force and work requirement dies) (c
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Part transfer There is a broad rang
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Part transfer For cold forming proc
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6 Solid forming (Forging) 6.7 Die d
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Die design wedge adjustment auxilia
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Die design Table 6.7.1: Modular sys
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Die design Fig. 6.7.5 Shearing die
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Die design for radial stress � r
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Die design The off-center applied f
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Die design Table 6.7.4: Heat treatm
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Die design Powder metal-manufacture
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Page 525 and 526: 6 Solid forming (Forging) 6.8 Press
Page 527 and 528: Presses used for solid forming mult
Page 529 and 530: Presses used for solid forming slid
Page 531 and 532: Presses used for solid forming Fig.
Page 533 and 534: Presses used for solid forming duct
Page 537 and 538: Presses used for solid forming 6.8.
Page 541 and 542: Presses used for solid forming tati
Page 543 and 544: Presses used for solid forming adeq
Page 545 and 546: Presses used for solid forming Embo
Page 547 and 548: Presses used for solid forming ment
Page 549 and 550: Presses used for solid forming feed
Page 551 and 552: Presses used for solid forming hopp
Page 553 and 554: Presses used for solid forming coin
Page 555 and 556: Presses used for solid forming Univ
Page 557 and 558: Presses used for solid forming Meda
Page 559 and 560: Presses used for solid forming CNC-
Page 561 and 562: Presses used for solid forming forc
Page 563 and 564: Index A.S.T.M.-standard 451 abrasio
Page 565 and 566: Index cylinder -, counterpressure 4
Page 567 and 568: Index flying shear 288 flywheel 51-
Page 569 and 570: Index modified top drive 205-207 mo
Page 571: Index sand blasting 460 sandwich co
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