3 Fundamentals of press design

408 Hydroforming
closing
force F Z
internal
pressure pi
horizontal
path s
filling forming calibration release
Fig. 5.2.3 Hydroforming process sequence
sional state of stress – with a relatively high hydrostatic stress component
compared to deep-drawing and stretch drawing processes – relatively
high degrees of deformation can be achieved (cf. Sects. 4.2.1,
4.2.4 and 4.2.5).
5.2.2 Types of hydroformed components
A basic difference is drawn between hydroformed components which
permit the following process conditions, in particular based on part
geometry and friction:
– continuous expansion and compression or
– only partial expansion and compression or
– only calibration
The differences are explained below:
These components (Fig. 5.2.5) are characterized by a high degree of
deformation due to the axial material flow which takes place over the
entire contour of the workpiece. They are expanded and compressed
Metal Forming Handbook / Schuler (c) Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1998
time