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Grassmann Algebra

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Exploring<strong>Grassmann</strong><strong>Algebra</strong>.nb 10<br />

��Z1�<br />

Ξ7 Ψ0 �Ξ6 Ψ1 �Ξ5 Ψ2 �Ξ4 Ψ3 �Ξ3 Ψ4 �Ξ2 Ψ5 �Ξ1 Ψ6 �Ξ0 Ψ7 �<br />

e1 �Ξ7 Ψ1 �Ξ5 Ψ4 �Ξ4 Ψ5 �Ξ1 Ψ7� � e2 �Ξ7 Ψ2 �Ξ6 Ψ4 �Ξ4 Ψ6 �Ξ2 Ψ7� �<br />

e3 �Ξ7 Ψ3 �Ξ6 Ψ5 �Ξ5 Ψ6 �Ξ3 Ψ7� � �Ξ7 Ψ4 �Ξ4 Ψ7� e1 � e2 �<br />

�Ξ7 Ψ5 �Ξ5 Ψ7� e1 � e3 � �Ξ7 Ψ6 �Ξ6 Ψ7� e2 � e3 �Ξ7 Ψ7 e1 � e2 � e3<br />

� The complement of a <strong>Grassmann</strong> number<br />

Consider again a general <strong>Grassmann</strong> number X in 3-space.<br />

X<br />

Ξ0 � e1 Ξ1 � e2 Ξ2 � e3 Ξ3 �Ξ4 e1 � e2 �<br />

Ξ5 e1 � e3 �Ξ6 e2 � e3 �Ξ7 e1 � e2 � e3<br />

The complement of X is denoted X<br />

����� . Entering X<br />

����� applies the complement operation, but does<br />

not simplify it in any way.<br />

�����<br />

X<br />

��������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������<br />

Ξ0 � e1 Ξ1 � e2 Ξ2 � e3 Ξ3 �Ξ4 e1 � e2 �Ξ5 e1 � e3 �Ξ6 e2 � e3 �Ξ7 e1 � e2 �<br />

Further simplification to an explicit <strong>Grassmann</strong> number depends on the metric of the space<br />

concerned and may be accomplished by applying <strong>Grassmann</strong>Simplify.<br />

<strong>Grassmann</strong>Simplify will look at the metric and make the necessary transformations. In the<br />

Euclidean metric assumed by <strong>Grassmann</strong><strong>Algebra</strong> as the default we have:<br />

�� X<br />

����� �<br />

e3 Ξ4 � e2 Ξ5 � e1 Ξ6 �Ξ7 �Ξ3 e1 � e2 �<br />

Ξ2 e1 � e3 �Ξ1 e2 � e3 �Ξ0 e1 � e2 � e3<br />

For metrics other than Euclidean, the expression for the complement will be more complex. We<br />

can explore the complement of a general <strong>Grassmann</strong> number in a general metric by entering<br />

DeclareMetric[�] and then applying <strong>Grassmann</strong>Simplify to X<br />

����� . As an example, we<br />

take the complement of a general <strong>Grassmann</strong> number in a 2-space with a general metric. We<br />

choose a 2-space rather than a 3-space, because the result is less complex to display.<br />

2001 4 5<br />

�2; DeclareMetric���<br />

���1,1, �1,2�, ��1,2, �2,2��<br />

U � Create<strong>Grassmann</strong>Number�Υ�<br />

Υ0 � e1 Υ1 � e2 Υ2 �Υ3 e1 � e2<br />

�� U<br />

����� ���Simplify<br />

2<br />

��Υ3 �1,2 � e2 �Υ1 �1,1 �Υ2 �1,2� �Υ3 �1,1 �2,2 �<br />

e1 �Υ1 �1,2 �Υ2 �2,2� �Υ0 e1 � e2� ����������������������������������������� 2 ��1,2 � �1,1 �2,2 �

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