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e compared withprevious ones, providing more consistent coverage from oneassessment/reporting period to another. Comprehensive and consistent coverage,together with systematic organization of issues and their indicators, enablepriority issues and strengths and weaknesses of performance to be clearlyidentified. This makes indicator-based assessments more useful than otherapproaches for decision-making and hence for strategy development.Participation by decision-makers and stakeholders is necessary to ensure thatthe assessment incorporates their values and addresses their concerns.Participants need to have a major say in what is assessed and in decidingquestions of value. At the same time, the team undertaking the assessment hasa responsibility to make sure that the assessment is technically sound andwithstands scientific scrutiny. However, the technical demands of indicatorselection impose constraints on participation. In effect, the assessment mustbe designed jointly by participants and technicians. Although indicator-basedassessments are potentially more transparent, consistent and useful for decisionmakingthan other approaches, whether they fulfil their potential depends onhow well they are designed and executed.Indicator-based assessments of sustainability differ chiefly in the number ofsubsystems into which they divide the system (the assessment area), the numberof levels between subsystem and indicator and whether they produce indices(compound indicators) of the state of the system and its subsystems.The sustainable development system was divided initially in two subsystems:people and environment; later on it was divided in three: economy, society andthe environment; the United Nations Commission on Sustainable Development(CSD) has introduced more complexity by including four subsystems: economy,society, institutions and environment. Obviously environmental weight declinesas the number of subsystems increases.The growing ranks of indicator projects and professionals worldwide face twochallenges that seemingly contradict each other:Growing complexity. As our understanding of the complexity of sustainabilitygrows, how do we manage the mountains of data required to monitor it?The demand for simplicity. Since public education and resulting political actionare seen increasingly and urgently as the purpose for creating indicators, how147
do we present them in ways that are simple, elegant and effective, withoutcompromising the underlying complexity?A single indicator of sustainable development is an impossible dream. The bestway to overcome this problem is to combine the indicators into indices.Assessments that do not combine their indicators into indices are extremelyhard to interpret. Assessments that do, can communicate their main findingsvery readily. When indicators are combined into indices, they can provide a clearpicture of the entire system, reveal key relationships between subsystems andbetween major components, and facilitate analysis of critical strengths andweaknesses. No information is lost, because the constituent indicators andunderlying data are always there to be queried.Wellbeing Assessment combines ecosystem indicators in an EcosystemWellbeing Index (EWI) and human indicators into a Human Wellbeing Index(HWI), which are then combined graphically into a Wellbeing Index (WI) – theintersection of the EWI and HWI on the Barometer of Sustainability.The Dashboard of Sustainability comes in two versions. The standard versioncombines environmental indicators in an Environment Index (EnI), economicindicators into an Economy Index (EcI) and the social indicators into a Societyor Social Care Index (SI), which it then combines into a Policy PerformanceIndex (PPI). The version for the indicator set of the CSD combines institutionalindicators in an Institutional Index (II) and then combines the EnI, EcI, SI, andII in a PPI.By combining indicators into indices and displaying the indices graphically, bothWell-being Assessment and the Dashboard of Sustainability show how closethe society concerned is to sustainability, the state of people (socio-economicconditions) and the ecosystem (environmental conditions), and the main strengthsand weaknesses of performance.The last decade has seen considerable efforts by governments, NGOs andmulti-stakeholder groups to develop indicator-based assessments of sustainabledevelopment. Some cover the full sweep of sustainability. Most tend to paymore attention either to human aspects or to the environment. (IISD providesa compendium of indicator initiatives at www.iisd.org).148
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Documentsde Recerca6Estratègies pe
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BIBLIOTECA DE CATALUNYA. DADES CIP:
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Strategies for sustainable developm
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1. PlantejamentEl desenvolupament s
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2. Per què el desenvolupament sost
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perquè els nivells d’actius aban
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1. Centrades amb claredat en el ben
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3. Condicions per a l’èxit de le
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3.5. Cal assegurar que s’apropiï
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6. Creació de mecanismes per contr
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4. Bases analítiques: Informació
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es tracta d’obtenir informació i
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4.4. Els tres enfocaments principal
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condicions humanes i ambientals. El
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Combinant indicadors per crear índ
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exercici (en aquest cas és desitja
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Participació - un terme carregat d
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D’aquesta manera, és evident que
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ealistes dificulten la viabilitat d
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pràctiques dels òrgans governamen
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6. Adopció de decisions estratègi
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Pla d’accióUn pla d’acció és
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valors polítics relacionats, espec
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Una estratègia amb una bona base d
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concentrar-se en possibilitats win-
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tarifes més adequades als usuaris.
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Els mecanismes del mercat poden pen
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8. Monitoratge i avaluació de l’
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Relacionats amb dades de referènci
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Estrategias para eldesarrollo soste
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profundización de las estrategias
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2. ¿Por qué el desarrollo sosteni
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el bienestar, velando para que los
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Ya se han formulado algunos princip
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3. Condiciones para el éxito de la
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el riesgo de abandono de la estrate
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«sobre la naturaleza de las consul
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¿Qué medios y capacidades tienen
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Análisis del escenario: pensar pos
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Es importante que las personas impl
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obligada por trabajo, ruptura de la
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Las evaluaciones de sostenibilidad
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Listar los mecanismos que actualmen
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enriquecer el debate y abrir las
Page 97 and 98: Participación - un término cargad
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Page 101 and 102: Para ser efectiva, una estrategia d
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Page 107 and 108: HitosLos hitos de cada objetivo est
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Page 111 and 112: Objetivos de desarrollo del milenio
Page 113 and 114: objetivos y los hitos acordados tie
Page 116 and 117: 7. Bases financieras de las estrate
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Page 128 and 129: 1. ApproachSustainable development
Page 130 and 131: 2. Why Sustainable Development Requ
Page 132 and 133: and national scale it will require
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Page 157 and 158: Strategy experience has made it cle
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Page 161 and 162: aise awareness among government, ci
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Page 166 and 167: new policies, policy changes and li
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Page 170 and 171: compromise, to reach agreement wher
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Page 177 and 178: Charges were therefore low. Later s
Page 180 and 181: 8. Monitoring and Evaluating the St
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