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iences. But this study actually mean that local authorities
and their disaster professionals i many cases have
learnt lessons from previous disasters, even though
the contrary can be observed in some cases.
History teaches and guides us. Experience of previous
incidents and disasters can benefit disaster professionals
in new disasters, but may also be a disadvantage.
Knowledge gained from these disasters influences
the design of a relevant disaster management
organization and can restrict and prevent new techniques
for responding to disasters.
Events like Chernobyl and Estonia have characterised
the forms of response to subsequent local disasters
through “good” and “bad” lessons. We can expect
that these disasters will continue to affect future disaster
response operations, and that management of the
January storm at the beginning of 2005 will become
a guiding star for responding to the natural disasters
that are predicted to become more frequent.
To summarise, previous experience and lessons
learned are highly significant for effective disaster response
and crisis communications in relation to new
extreme events. Experience has specific significance in
the acute phase of the response and in more serious
events where the response is more widespread and
complex.
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