The genus Cinnamomum

C. sulphuratum Nees
Other Useful Species of Cinnamomum 345
Table 15.11 Percentage composition of the essential oils of C. parthenoxylon variants
Components Variant I Variant II
Leaf Stem bark Leaf Stem bark
Benzaldehyde 0.45 0.50
-Pinene 3.26 1.35 0.24 0.56
Camphene t 0.14 0.35
-Pinene 14.83 1.15 0.16 0.40
Myrcene 0.80 1.00 0.06 0.10
-Phellandrene 0.06
p-Cymene 0.90 0.54
1,8-Cineole 64.70 53.00 0.20 1.35
-Phellandrene 0.34 1.60 0.44
-Terpinene 0.90 0.50
Terpinolene 0.70 1.81
Linalool 10.70 t 86.90 87.12
Camphor 3.08
Borneol 10.90 1.44 0.50
Terpinen-4-ol 0.65 6.06 0.72
-Terpinolene 11.68 16.40
-Elemene 3.03
Linalylacetate 0.44
Cinnamaldehyde 0.21
Eugenol 0.57
Methyl cinnamate 0.70
-Caryophyllene 0.60 0.30 1.40
Ethyl cinnamate 0.09
Methyl isoeugenol 0.20 0.50
-Humulene 0.80 1.45 2.85
Bycyclogermacrene 1.60
a-Farnesene 1.90 0.17
Caryophyllene oxide 0.65 0.93 1.15
Total 99.90 96.77 94.63 96.83
Source: Baruah and Nath, 2000b.
Note
t: trace.
C. sulphuratum Nees in Wall. Pl. As. Rar. 2, 74: 1832; Syst. Laur. 55: 1836; Hooker f.
Fl. Brit. Ind. 5:132, 1885; Kostermans, Bull. Bot. Sur. India, 25:114, 1983; Nath and
Baruah, J. Eco. Tax. Bot. 18, 211–212, 1994.
This is a medium sized tree distributed in the Western Ghats as well as in north-eastern
India. The leaves and bark are aromatic. Baruah et al. (1999a,b) carried out an ethanobotanical
study and chemical examination of many plants belonging to this species
and identified four chemically distinct types (chemovars). They are linalool, citral,
cinnamaldehyde and methyl cinnamate types. Morphoplogically, linalool type is closely
related to citral type, while cinnamaldehyde and methyl cinnamate types are similar.
Linalool and citral types always have comparatively smaller leaves and their panicles
are comparatively shorter than or rarely equal to the leaves in comparison to the leaves
and panicle characteristics of the other two types. Baruah et al. (1999a) also found