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negative of hebû is tunebû ‘there was not any…, there was no….’<br />

Madem ku zimannivîs tune, ev dewletçêkirin<br />

çi ye?<br />

As long as there are no writers, what’s<br />

the use of creating this state?<br />

Di vî warî da otorîteyeke resmî tune. In this regard there is no official authority.<br />

Divabû ku ew kêzik wê şevê bihata<br />

kuştin an na xew li min tunebû.<br />

That bug would have to be killed that<br />

night or else there would be no sleep<br />

for me.<br />

There is no verb in Kurdish equivalent to the English verb ‘to have.’<br />

Kurdish expresses possession by the possessive construct followed by the<br />

appropriate third person of the existential verb—heye ‘there is,’ hene ‘there<br />

are,’ hebû ‘there was,’ or hebûn ‘there were.’<br />

Pirsiyareke min heye. I have a question.<br />

Pirsiyareke min hebû. I had a question.<br />

Pênc zarokên wî hene. He has five children.<br />

Cihekî bajarê Mehabadê yê taybetî di<br />

dilê me de heye.<br />

The city of Mahabad has a special place<br />

in our hearts.<br />

§ 13. The Infinitive. Kurdish infinitives end in -in, -în, -an, or -ûn, are<br />

stressed on the final syllable (dîtín ‘to see,’ meşiyán ‘to walk,’ tirsî´n ‘to<br />

fear’), and are construed as feminine nouns. The use of the infinitive as a<br />

noun occasionally coincides with English usage, but it is more often used<br />

where the English gerund (“-ing”) is used.<br />

Axaftin, xwendin û nivîsîna bi zimanê<br />

zikmakî, ji her mirovî re pêwîstiyek<br />

e.<br />

piştî weşandina kovara xwe bi salekê û<br />

piştî avakirina Cumhûriyeta Tirkiyê<br />

bi deh salan<br />

KURMANJI KURDISH<br />

To speak, to read, and to write in one’s<br />

native language is a requirement for<br />

every person.<br />

a year after publishing his journal and<br />

ten years after the founding of the Republic<br />

of Turkey<br />

An unmodified direct object of an infinitive precedes the infinitive and<br />

forms a generic compound with it. Thus, qehwe vexwarin ‘to drink coffee,’<br />

32

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