kurmanji_complete

Min xwest ku ez ji gund derkevim û ji
xwe re berî berî çem bimeşim.
Ew tiştê ku di ser û dilê min de bû û
min dixwest ez bidim, pêk nehat.
I wanted to get out of the village and
walk by myself along the river.
The thing that was in my heart and mind,
and which I wanted to give, didn’t
come to be.
§ 18.5. Loss of Ergativity. For stylistic reasons ergativity may be lost in
past transitive verbs. Normally this happens only in expressions like “I saw
that…” and “I said that…” when the verb is followed by a subordinate
clause as its complement:
Min gotim ku… I said that… (not min got)
Min dîtim ku… I saw that… (not min dît)
Otherwise all tenses and moods constructed on the past stem of transitive
verbs are normally ergative. In some eastern dialects, however, ergativity is
sporadically lost. The criteria for this loss have not been determined.
Di hundurê kûlê da sosreteke reş û
giran dîtin.
KURMANJI KURDISH
Inside the hut/hole ??? they saw
something unusual, black and heavy.
§ 19. The Past Participle. The past participle is formed by adding -î to the
past stem of verbs whose stems end in consonants. With past stems that end
in -a and -û the participle is formed by adding -yî to the past stem. With
past stems that end in -î, the past participle is identical to the past stem.
CONSONANT STEMS VOWEL STEMS
hatin > hat > hatî ‘come’ man > ma > mayî ‘remained’
şustin > şust > şustî ‘washed’ çûn > çû > çûyî ‘gone’
kirin > kir > kirî ‘done’ kirîn > kirî > kirî ‘bought’
In meaning the past participle corresponds fairly closely to the English past
participle: hatî ‘come,’ vekirî ‘opened,’ şustî ‘washed’ as in
cilên şustî washed clothes
welatekî pêşketî an advanced country
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