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Wek berê îdî nikaribû barê giran hilgirta.<br />
Heta destpêka salên 1930’î jî, Celadet<br />
Ali Bedir-Xan nikaribû nameyek bi<br />
kurdî binivîsanda.<br />
Her miletî di hundurê sînorên împeretoriyê<br />
de dikaribû hunera xwe bi pêş<br />
bixista, edebiyata xwe biafiranda, bi<br />
zimanê xwe perwerdeya xwe bikira.<br />
He wasn’t able to carry heavy loads any<br />
more like before.<br />
Until the beginning of the 1930s Jeladet<br />
Ali Bedir-Khan couldn’t write a letter<br />
in Kurdish.<br />
Every nationality within the borders of<br />
the empire could advance its own art,<br />
create its own literature, and carry out<br />
its education in its own language.<br />
(2) It is similarly used as the complement to the past tense of diviya or<br />
diva bû, the past and past perfect tenses of divê ‘must, have to,’ and in<br />
some dialects as the complement to the past tense of xwestin ‘to want.’<br />
Mîr Zoro nedixwast navê sultan<br />
bibihîsta.<br />
Di vê dersê de her şagirtekî diva bû li<br />
ser serpêhatiyek xwe bipeyiviya yan jî<br />
çîrokek ji çîrokên ku bihîstibû bigota.<br />
Li gorî peymana Îngilîz û Sovyetiyan<br />
û li gorî biryara Yekîtiya Neteweyan,<br />
diviyabû Sovyet di demeke kurt de ji<br />
Îranê derketa.<br />
THE VERB<br />
Mir Zoro did not want to hear the sultan’s<br />
name.<br />
In that class every student had to speak<br />
about an adventure or to tell a story he<br />
had heard.<br />
In accordance with the Anglo-Soviet<br />
pact and in accordance with the decision<br />
of the League of Nations, the<br />
Soviets were supposed to withdraw<br />
from Iran in a short time.<br />
(3) It is used for the verb bûn ‘to be’ in both parts of a past contrafactual<br />
conditional (see §25.2).<br />
§ 25.2 The Past Perfect Conditionals. There are two past perfect conditionals<br />
in use, but they seem to be mutually exclusive, i.e. depending on<br />
dialect a given speaker will use either one or the other. (1) The first past<br />
conditional is formed by prefixing the subjunctive prefix bí- for the affirmative<br />
or né- for the negative and suffixing -(y)a to the past perfect:<br />
INTRANSITIVE ERGATIVE<br />
ez bíhatibûma em bíhâtibûna min bídîtibûya me bídîtibûya<br />
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