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KURMANJI KURDISH<br />

-im -in -m -n<br />

-î -in -yî -n<br />

— -in — -n<br />

Examples of the simple past inflection are from hatin ‘to come,’ bûn ‘to<br />

be,’ tirsîn ‘to fear,’ and man ‘to remain.’<br />

HATIN BÛN<br />

ez hatim em hatin ez bûm em bûn<br />

tu hatî hun hatin tu bûyî hun bûn<br />

ew hat ew hatin ew bû ew bûn<br />

TIRSÎN MAN<br />

ez tirsîm em tirsîn ez mam em man<br />

tu tirsiyî hun tirsîn tu mayî hun man<br />

ew tirsî ew tirsîn ew ma ew man<br />

The negative is formed by prefixing né-:<br />

ez néhatim em néhatin ez nébûm em nébûn<br />

tu néhatî hun néhatin tu nébûyî hun nébûn<br />

ew néhat ew néhatin ew nébû ew nébûn<br />

ez nétirsîm em nétirsîn ez némam em néman<br />

tu nétirsiyî hun nétirsîn tu némayî hun néman<br />

ew nétirsî ew nétirsîn ew néma ew néman<br />

The Kurdish simple past tense usually corresponds closely to the English<br />

past tense.<br />

Tu bi pelikan çûyî jor. You went down the stairs.<br />

Demekê jî midûrê dibistanê bûm. For a time I was a school principal.<br />

Hemû man bêdeng. They all remained silent.<br />

However, since the Kurdish simple past tense indicates anything that took<br />

place or has taken place in the past, it sometimes corresponds to the English<br />

present perfect tense. In journalistic and advertising usage, the simple past<br />

tense is used in headlines and story titles, where English normally uses the<br />

46

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